Merge code from upstream libtar + bug fixes

All updates and fixes applied from upstream libtar as of
March 1, 2016.

Debug flag is disabled, however non-debug output now
provides 1 line of useful output per object extracted.

I've also merged some fixes from CyanogenMod's
fork of libtar:

From: Tom Marshall <tdm@cyngn.com>
Date: Thu, 11 Feb 2016 16:24:40 -0800
Subject: libtar: Cleanup, secure, and extend numeric fields
Commit: e18b457ea1cbf6be1adc3b75450ed1c737cd82ea

From: Tom Marshall <tdm@cyngn.com>
Date: Thu, 11 Feb 2016 12:49:30 -0800
Subject: libtar: Make file sizes 64-bit clean
Commit: e628c2025549a24018bc568351465130a05daafb

From: Tom Marshall <tdm@cyngn.com>
Date: Thu, 17 Apr 2014 09:39:25 -0700
Subject: libtar: Add methods for in-memory files
Commit: 8ec5627a8ff0a91724c6d5b344f0e887da922527

From: Tom Marshall <tdm@cyngn.com>
Date: Wed, 2 Jul 2014 09:34:40 -0700
Subject: libtar: Fix hardlink extract
Commit: 166d83a51e0c51abcea37694dbd7df92d03c1f56

From: philz-cwm6 <phytowardt@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 26 Apr 2014 01:11:35 +0200
Subject: libtar: Various bug fixes and enhancements
Commit: a271d763e94235ccee9ecaabdb52bf4b9b2f8c06
(Some of this was not merged in, as better solutions were
available from upstream libtar)

From: Tom Marshall <tdm@cyngn.com>
Date: Wed, 9 Apr 2014 09:35:54 -0700
Subject: libtar: Add const qualifiers to reduce compile warnings
Commit: 0600afa19fe827d06d3fcf24a7aabd52dbf487b4

Change-Id: I6d008cb6fdf950f835bbed63aeb8727cc5c86083
diff --git a/libtar/handle.c b/libtar/handle.c
index ae974b9..28a7dc2 100644
--- a/libtar/handle.c
+++ b/libtar/handle.c
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 
 
 static int
-tar_init(TAR **t, char *pathname, tartype_t *type,
+tar_init(TAR **t, const char *pathname, tartype_t *type,
 	 int oflags, int mode, int options)
 {
 	if ((oflags & O_ACCMODE) == O_RDWR)
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
 
 /* open a new tarfile handle */
 int
-tar_open(TAR **t, char *pathname, tartype_t *type,
+tar_open(TAR **t, const char *pathname, tartype_t *type,
 	 int oflags, int mode, int options)
 {
 	if (tar_init(t, pathname, type, oflags, mode, options) == -1)
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@
 	(*t)->fd = (*((*t)->type->openfunc))(pathname, oflags, mode);
 	if ((*t)->fd == -1)
 	{
+		libtar_hash_free((*t)->h, NULL);
 		free(*t);
 		return -1;
 	}
@@ -91,7 +92,7 @@
 
 
 int
-tar_fdopen(TAR **t, int fd, char *pathname, tartype_t *type,
+tar_fdopen(TAR **t, int fd, const char *pathname, tartype_t *type,
 	   int oflags, int mode, int options)
 {
 	if (tar_init(t, pathname, type, oflags, mode, options) == -1)
@@ -121,6 +122,8 @@
 		libtar_hash_free(t->h, ((t->oflags & O_ACCMODE) == O_RDONLY
 					? free
 					: (libtar_freefunc_t)tar_dev_free));
+	if (t->th_pathname != NULL)
+		free(t->th_pathname);
 	free(t);
 
 	return i;