bootloader_message/bootloader_message.cpp

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#include <bootloader_message/bootloader_message.h>

#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <string.h>

#include <optional>
#include <string>
#include <string_view>
#include <vector>

#include <android-base/file.h>
#include <android-base/hex.h>
#include <android-base/properties.h>
#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
#include <fstab/fstab.h>

#ifndef __ANDROID__
#include <cutils/memory.h>  // for strlcpy
#endif

using android::fs_mgr::Fstab;
using android::fs_mgr::ReadDefaultFstab;

static std::optional<std::string> g_misc_device_for_test;

// Exposed for test purpose.
void SetMiscBlockDeviceForTest(std::string_view misc_device) {
  g_misc_device_for_test = misc_device;
}

std::string get_misc_blk_device(std::string* err) {
  if (g_misc_device_for_test.has_value() && !g_misc_device_for_test->empty()) {
    return *g_misc_device_for_test;
  }
  Fstab fstab;
  if (!ReadDefaultFstab(&fstab)) {
    *err = "failed to read default fstab";
    return "";
  }
  for (const auto& entry : fstab) {
    if (entry.mount_point == "/misc") {
      return entry.blk_device;
    }
  }

  *err = "failed to find /misc partition";
  return "";
}

// In recovery mode, recovery can get started and try to access the misc
// device before the kernel has actually created it.
static bool wait_for_device(const std::string& blk_device, std::string* err) {
  int tries = 0;
  int ret;
  err->clear();
  do {
    ++tries;
    struct stat buf;
    ret = stat(blk_device.c_str(), &buf);
    if (ret == -1) {
      *err += android::base::StringPrintf("failed to stat %s try %d: %s\n",
                                          blk_device.c_str(), tries, strerror(errno));
      sleep(1);
    }
  } while (ret && tries < 10);

  if (ret) {
    *err += android::base::StringPrintf("failed to stat %s\n", blk_device.c_str());
  }
  return ret == 0;
}

static bool read_misc_partition(void* p, size_t size, const std::string& misc_blk_device,
                                size_t offset, std::string* err) {
  if (!wait_for_device(misc_blk_device, err)) {
    return false;
  }
  android::base::unique_fd fd(open(misc_blk_device.c_str(), O_RDONLY));
  if (fd == -1) {
    *err = android::base::StringPrintf("failed to open %s: %s", misc_blk_device.c_str(),
                                       strerror(errno));
    return false;
  }
  if (lseek(fd, static_cast<off_t>(offset), SEEK_SET) != static_cast<off_t>(offset)) {
    *err = android::base::StringPrintf("failed to lseek %s: %s", misc_blk_device.c_str(),
                                       strerror(errno));
    return false;
  }
  if (!android::base::ReadFully(fd, p, size)) {
    *err = android::base::StringPrintf("failed to read %s: %s", misc_blk_device.c_str(),
                                       strerror(errno));
    return false;
  }
  return true;
}

bool write_misc_partition(const void* p, size_t size, const std::string& misc_blk_device,
                          size_t offset, std::string* err) {
  android::base::unique_fd fd(open(misc_blk_device.c_str(), O_WRONLY));
  if (fd == -1) {
    *err = android::base::StringPrintf("failed to open %s: %s", misc_blk_device.c_str(),
                                       strerror(errno));
    return false;
  }
  if (lseek(fd, static_cast<off_t>(offset), SEEK_SET) != static_cast<off_t>(offset)) {
    *err = android::base::StringPrintf("failed to lseek %s: %s", misc_blk_device.c_str(),
                                       strerror(errno));
    return false;
  }
  if (!android::base::WriteFully(fd, p, size)) {
    *err = android::base::StringPrintf("failed to write %s: %s", misc_blk_device.c_str(),
                                       strerror(errno));
    return false;
  }
  if (fsync(fd) == -1) {
    *err = android::base::StringPrintf("failed to fsync %s: %s", misc_blk_device.c_str(),
                                       strerror(errno));
    return false;
  }
  return true;
}

std::string get_bootloader_message_blk_device(std::string* err) {
  std::string misc_blk_device = get_misc_blk_device(err);
  if (misc_blk_device.empty()) return "";
  if (!wait_for_device(misc_blk_device, err)) return "";
  return misc_blk_device;
}

bool read_bootloader_message_from(bootloader_message* boot, const std::string& misc_blk_device,
                                  std::string* err) {
  return read_misc_partition(boot, sizeof(*boot), misc_blk_device,
                             BOOTLOADER_MESSAGE_OFFSET_IN_MISC, err);
}

bool read_bootloader_message(bootloader_message* boot, std::string* err) {
  std::string misc_blk_device = get_misc_blk_device(err);
  if (misc_blk_device.empty()) {
    return false;
  }
  return read_bootloader_message_from(boot, misc_blk_device, err);
}

bool write_bootloader_message_to(const bootloader_message& boot, const std::string& misc_blk_device,
                                 std::string* err) {
  return write_misc_partition(&boot, sizeof(boot), misc_blk_device,
                              BOOTLOADER_MESSAGE_OFFSET_IN_MISC, err);
}

bool write_bootloader_message(const bootloader_message& boot, std::string* err) {
  std::string misc_blk_device = get_misc_blk_device(err);
  if (misc_blk_device.empty()) {
    return false;
  }
  return write_bootloader_message_to(boot, misc_blk_device, err);
}

bool clear_bootloader_message(std::string* err) {
  bootloader_message boot = {};
  return write_bootloader_message(boot, err);
}

bool write_bootloader_message(const std::vector<std::string>& options, std::string* err) {
  bootloader_message boot = {};
  update_bootloader_message_in_struct(&boot, options);

  return write_bootloader_message(boot, err);
}

bool write_bootloader_message_to(const std::vector<std::string>& options,
                                 const std::string& misc_blk_device, std::string* err) {
  bootloader_message boot = {};
  update_bootloader_message_in_struct(&boot, options);

  return write_bootloader_message_to(boot, misc_blk_device, err);
}

bool update_bootloader_message(const std::vector<std::string>& options, std::string* err) {
  bootloader_message boot;
  if (!read_bootloader_message(&boot, err)) {
    return false;
  }
  update_bootloader_message_in_struct(&boot, options);

  return write_bootloader_message(boot, err);
}

bool update_bootloader_message_in_struct(bootloader_message* boot,
                                         const std::vector<std::string>& options) {
  if (!boot) return false;
  // Replace the command & recovery fields.
  memset(boot->command, 0, sizeof(boot->command));
  memset(boot->recovery, 0, sizeof(boot->recovery));

  strlcpy(boot->command, "boot-recovery", sizeof(boot->command));

  std::string recovery = "recovery\n";
  for (const auto& s : options) {
    recovery += s;
    if (s.back() != '\n') {
      recovery += '\n';
    }
  }
  strlcpy(boot->recovery, recovery.c_str(), sizeof(boot->recovery));
  return true;
}

bool write_reboot_bootloader(std::string* err) {
  bootloader_message boot;
  if (!read_bootloader_message(&boot, err)) {
    return false;
  }
  if (boot.command[0] != '\0') {
    *err = "Bootloader command pending.";
    return false;
  }
  strlcpy(boot.command, "bootonce-bootloader", sizeof(boot.command));
  return write_bootloader_message(boot, err);
}

bool read_wipe_package(std::string* package_data, size_t size, std::string* err) {
  std::string misc_blk_device = get_misc_blk_device(err);
  if (misc_blk_device.empty()) {
    return false;
  }
  package_data->resize(size);
  return read_misc_partition(&(*package_data)[0], size, misc_blk_device,
                             WIPE_PACKAGE_OFFSET_IN_MISC, err);
}

bool write_wipe_package(const std::string& package_data, std::string* err) {
  std::string misc_blk_device = get_misc_blk_device(err);
  if (misc_blk_device.empty()) {
    return false;
  }
  static constexpr size_t kMaximumWipePackageSize =
      SYSTEM_SPACE_OFFSET_IN_MISC - WIPE_PACKAGE_OFFSET_IN_MISC;
  if (package_data.size() > kMaximumWipePackageSize) {
    *err = "Wipe package size " + std::to_string(package_data.size()) + " exceeds " +
           std::to_string(kMaximumWipePackageSize) + " bytes";
    return false;
  }
  return write_misc_partition(package_data.data(), package_data.size(), misc_blk_device,
                              WIPE_PACKAGE_OFFSET_IN_MISC, err);
}

static bool ValidateSystemSpaceRegion(size_t offset, size_t size, std::string* err) {
  if (size <= SYSTEM_SPACE_SIZE_IN_MISC && offset <= (SYSTEM_SPACE_SIZE_IN_MISC - size)) {
    return true;
  }
  *err = android::base::StringPrintf("Out of bound access (offset %zu size %zu)", offset, size);
  return false;
}

static bool ReadMiscPartitionSystemSpace(void* data, size_t size, size_t offset, std::string* err) {
  if (!ValidateSystemSpaceRegion(offset, size, err)) {
    return false;
  }
  auto misc_blk_device = get_misc_blk_device(err);
  if (misc_blk_device.empty()) {
    return false;
  }
  return read_misc_partition(data, size, misc_blk_device, SYSTEM_SPACE_OFFSET_IN_MISC + offset,
                             err);
}

static bool WriteMiscPartitionSystemSpace(const void* data, size_t size, size_t offset,
                                          std::string* err) {
  if (!ValidateSystemSpaceRegion(offset, size, err)) {
    return false;
  }
  auto misc_blk_device = get_misc_blk_device(err);
  if (misc_blk_device.empty()) {
    return false;
  }
  return write_misc_partition(data, size, misc_blk_device, SYSTEM_SPACE_OFFSET_IN_MISC + offset,
                              err);
}

bool ReadMiscVirtualAbMessage(misc_virtual_ab_message* message, std::string* err) {
  return ReadMiscPartitionSystemSpace(message, sizeof(*message),
                                      offsetof(misc_system_space_layout, virtual_ab_message), err);
}

bool WriteMiscVirtualAbMessage(const misc_virtual_ab_message& message, std::string* err) {
  return WriteMiscPartitionSystemSpace(&message, sizeof(message),
                                       offsetof(misc_system_space_layout, virtual_ab_message), err);
}

bool ReadMiscMemtagMessage(misc_memtag_message* message, std::string* err) {
  return ReadMiscPartitionSystemSpace(message, sizeof(*message),
                                      offsetof(misc_system_space_layout, memtag_message), err);
}

bool WriteMiscMemtagMessage(const misc_memtag_message& message, std::string* err) {
  return WriteMiscPartitionSystemSpace(&message, sizeof(message),
                                       offsetof(misc_system_space_layout, memtag_message), err);
}

bool ReadMiscKcmdlineMessage(misc_kcmdline_message* message, std::string* err) {
  return ReadMiscPartitionSystemSpace(message, sizeof(*message),
                                      offsetof(misc_system_space_layout, kcmdline_message), err);
}

bool WriteMiscKcmdlineMessage(const misc_kcmdline_message& message, std::string* err) {
  return WriteMiscPartitionSystemSpace(&message, sizeof(message),
                                       offsetof(misc_system_space_layout, kcmdline_message), err);
}

bool CheckReservedSystemSpaceEmpty(bool* empty, std::string* err) {
  constexpr size_t kReservedSize = SYSTEM_SPACE_SIZE_IN_MISC - sizeof(misc_system_space_layout);

  uint8_t space[kReservedSize];
  if (!ReadMiscPartitionSystemSpace(&space, kReservedSize, sizeof(misc_system_space_layout), err)) {
    return false;
  }

  *empty = space[0] == 0 && 0 == memcmp(space, space + 1, kReservedSize - 1);

  if (!*empty) {
    *err = android::base::HexString(space, kReservedSize);
  }

  return true;
}

extern "C" bool write_reboot_bootloader(void) {
  std::string err;
  return write_reboot_bootloader(&err);
}

extern "C" bool write_bootloader_message(const char* options) {
  std::string err;
  return write_bootloader_message({options}, &err);
}