Non-blocking audio I/O interface, WIP

Yet another abstraction similar to AudioTrack::Buffer and AudioBufferProvider,
but with support for streaming, non-blocking, and eventually PTS.

This is intended to be used as follows:
 - primary HAL output stream implements a Sink
 - primary HAL input stream implements a Source
 - Pipe implements a Sink
 - PipeReader implements a Source or TimedSource (not shown yet),
   which supports "read at PTS"
 - fast AudioTrack on server side will implement a Source using cblk
 - normal AudioTrack on server side will not be changed initially
 - fast AudioRecord on server side will implement a Sink using cblk
 - normal AudioRecord on server side will not be changed initially
 - fast mixer thread will read from Sources and write to a Sink,
   or (unlikely) implement a Source and multiple Sinks
 - Visualization and PCM logger will read from Source or TimedSource
 - A2DP normal mixer will be connected directly to its output stream
   and there will be a kind of OutputTrack for duplication that will
   read from a Sink with non-blocking write fed by the fast mixer.

Patch set 3 changes:
 - Add more implementations of NBAIO interfaces:
   added SourceAudioBufferProvider, MonoPipe, MonoPipeReader.
 - Added Format_sampleRate and Format_channelCount.
 - Extract out the roundUp() method.
 - Respond to most comments from previous code review.
 - The new classes are untested.

Patch set 4 changes:
 - Fix bugs in MonoPipe::write() and MonoPipeReader::read()
 - Fix bug initializing mFrameBitShift too early
 - renamed roundUp() to roundup()
 - Fix Android.mk
 - Add LOG_TAG an LOG_NDEBUG, use ALOG_ASSERT and utils/Log.h instead of assert
 - Fix build warnings
 - Move constructor and destructor bodies from .h to .cpp
 - Line length 100
 - Following naming conventions for #include double-include protector macros
 - Include what you use
 - More NBAIO logging
 - MonoPipe write can be blocking

Patch set 5 changes:
 - Address code review comments
 - Use a static library so unused implementations don't take memory
 - Comment out libsndfile dependency
 - Remove debugging LOGV and LOG_NDEBUG

Patch set 6 changes (would be 6 at old location, actually 2 at new location):
 - Address code review comments on patchset 5
 - For MonoPipe, allow the full pipe to be used, no need to omit one slot
 - Don't do atomic releasing stores unless needed

Still to do:
 - I'm not happy with the Pipe class names
 - Update build/ for new static library?

Change-Id: Ie6c61f05ce06b676b033be448a8ef9025a2ffcfd
diff --git a/services/audioflinger/NBAIO.cpp b/services/audioflinger/NBAIO.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d71eae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/audioflinger/NBAIO.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2012 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "NBAIO"
+//#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
+
+#include <utils/Log.h>
+#include "NBAIO.h"
+
+namespace android {
+
+size_t Format_frameSize(NBAIO_Format format)
+{
+    switch (format) {
+    case Format_SR44_1_C2_I16:
+    case Format_SR48_C2_I16:
+        return 2 * sizeof(short);
+    case Format_SR44_1_C1_I16:
+    case Format_SR48_C1_I16:
+        return 1 * sizeof(short);
+    case Format_Invalid:
+    default:
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+size_t Format_frameBitShift(NBAIO_Format format)
+{
+    switch (format) {
+    case Format_SR44_1_C2_I16:
+    case Format_SR48_C2_I16:
+        return 2;   // 1 << 2 == 2 * sizeof(short)
+    case Format_SR44_1_C1_I16:
+    case Format_SR48_C1_I16:
+        return 1;   // 1 << 1 == 1 * sizeof(short)
+    case Format_Invalid:
+    default:
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+unsigned Format_sampleRate(NBAIO_Format format)
+{
+    switch (format) {
+    case Format_SR44_1_C1_I16:
+    case Format_SR44_1_C2_I16:
+        return 44100;
+    case Format_SR48_C1_I16:
+    case Format_SR48_C2_I16:
+        return 48000;
+    case Format_Invalid:
+    default:
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+unsigned Format_channelCount(NBAIO_Format format)
+{
+    switch (format) {
+    case Format_SR44_1_C1_I16:
+    case Format_SR48_C1_I16:
+        return 1;
+    case Format_SR44_1_C2_I16:
+    case Format_SR48_C2_I16:
+        return 2;
+    case Format_Invalid:
+    default:
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+NBAIO_Format Format_from_SR_C(unsigned sampleRate, unsigned channelCount)
+{
+    if (sampleRate == 44100 && channelCount == 2) return Format_SR44_1_C2_I16;
+    if (sampleRate == 48000 && channelCount == 2) return Format_SR48_C2_I16;
+    if (sampleRate == 44100 && channelCount == 1) return Format_SR44_1_C1_I16;
+    if (sampleRate == 48000 && channelCount == 1) return Format_SR48_C1_I16;
+    return Format_Invalid;
+}
+
+// This is a default implementation; it is expected that subclasses will optimize this.
+ssize_t NBAIO_Sink::writeVia(writeVia_t via, size_t total, void *user, size_t block)
+{
+    if (!mNegotiated) {
+        return (ssize_t) NEGOTIATE;
+    }
+    static const size_t maxBlock = 32;
+    size_t frameSize = Format_frameSize(mFormat);
+    ALOG_ASSERT(frameSize > 0 && frameSize <= 8);
+    // double guarantees alignment for stack similar to what malloc() gives for heap
+    if (block == 0 || block > maxBlock) {
+        block = maxBlock;
+    }
+    double buffer[((frameSize * block) + sizeof(double) - 1) / sizeof(double)];
+    size_t accumulator = 0;
+    while (accumulator < total) {
+        size_t count = total - accumulator;
+        if (count > block) {
+            count = block;
+        }
+        ssize_t ret = via(user, buffer, count);
+        if (ret > 0) {
+            ALOG_ASSERT((size_t) ret <= count);
+            size_t maxRet = ret;
+            ret = write(buffer, maxRet);
+            if (ret > 0) {
+                ALOG_ASSERT((size_t) ret <= maxRet);
+                accumulator += ret;
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+        return accumulator > 0 ? accumulator : ret;
+    }
+    return accumulator;
+}
+
+// This is a default implementation; it is expected that subclasses will optimize this.
+ssize_t NBAIO_Source::readVia(readVia_t via, size_t total, void *user, size_t block)
+{
+    if (!mNegotiated) {
+        return (ssize_t) NEGOTIATE;
+    }
+    static const size_t maxBlock = 32;
+    size_t frameSize = Format_frameSize(mFormat);
+    ALOG_ASSERT(frameSize > 0 && frameSize <= 8);
+    // double guarantees alignment for stack similar to what malloc() gives for heap
+    if (block == 0 || block > maxBlock) {
+        block = maxBlock;
+    }
+    double buffer[((frameSize * block) + sizeof(double) - 1) / sizeof(double)];
+    size_t accumulator = 0;
+    while (accumulator < total) {
+        size_t count = total - accumulator;
+        if (count > block) {
+            count = block;
+        }
+        ssize_t ret = read(buffer, count);
+        if (ret > 0) {
+            ALOG_ASSERT((size_t) ret <= count);
+            size_t maxRet = ret;
+            ret = via(user, buffer, maxRet);
+            if (ret > 0) {
+                ALOG_ASSERT((size_t) ret <= maxRet);
+                accumulator += ret;
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+        return accumulator > 0 ? accumulator : ret;
+    }
+    return accumulator;
+}
+
+// Default implementation that only accepts my mFormat
+ssize_t NBAIO_Port::negotiate(const NBAIO_Format offers[], size_t numOffers,
+                                  NBAIO_Format counterOffers[], size_t& numCounterOffers)
+{
+    ALOGV("negotiate offers=%p numOffers=%u countersOffers=%p numCounterOffers=%u",
+            offers, numOffers, counterOffers, numCounterOffers);
+    if (mFormat != Format_Invalid) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < numOffers; ++i) {
+            if (offers[i] == mFormat) {
+                mNegotiated = true;
+                return i;
+            }
+        }
+        if (numCounterOffers > 0) {
+            counterOffers[0] = mFormat;
+        }
+        numCounterOffers = 1;
+    } else {
+        numCounterOffers = 0;
+    }
+    return (ssize_t) NEGOTIATE;
+}
+
+}   // namespace android