diff --git a/services/radio/Android.mk b/services/radio/Android.mk
index f5d74d3..c3178ea 100644
--- a/services/radio/Android.mk
+++ b/services/radio/Android.mk
@@ -18,7 +18,8 @@
 
 
 LOCAL_SRC_FILES:=               \
-    RadioService.cpp
+    RadioService.cpp \
+    RadioHalLegacy.cpp
 
 LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES:= \
     libui \
diff --git a/services/radio/RadioHalLegacy.cpp b/services/radio/RadioHalLegacy.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d50ccd4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/radio/RadioHalLegacy.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "RadioHalLegacy"
+//#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
+
+#include <utils/Log.h>
+#include <utils/misc.h>
+#include "RadioHalLegacy.h"
+
+namespace android {
+
+const char *RadioHalLegacy::sClassModuleNames[] = {
+    RADIO_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID_FM, /* corresponds to RADIO_CLASS_AM_FM */
+    RADIO_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID_SAT,  /* corresponds to RADIO_CLASS_SAT */
+    RADIO_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID_DT,   /* corresponds to RADIO_CLASS_DT */
+};
+
+/* static */
+sp<RadioInterface> RadioInterface::connectModule(radio_class_t classId)
+{
+    return new RadioHalLegacy(classId);
+}
+
+RadioHalLegacy::RadioHalLegacy(radio_class_t classId)
+    : RadioInterface(), mClassId(classId), mHwDevice(NULL)
+{
+}
+
+void RadioHalLegacy::onFirstRef()
+{
+    const hw_module_t *mod;
+    int rc;
+    ALOGI("%s mClassId %d", __FUNCTION__, mClassId);
+
+    mHwDevice = NULL;
+
+    if ((mClassId < 0) ||
+            (mClassId >= NELEM(sClassModuleNames))) {
+        ALOGE("invalid class ID %d", mClassId);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    ALOGI("%s RADIO_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID %s %s",
+          __FUNCTION__, RADIO_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID, sClassModuleNames[mClassId]);
+
+    rc = hw_get_module_by_class(RADIO_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID, sClassModuleNames[mClassId], &mod);
+    if (rc != 0) {
+        ALOGE("couldn't load radio module %s.%s (%s)",
+              RADIO_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID, sClassModuleNames[mClassId], strerror(-rc));
+        return;
+    }
+    rc = radio_hw_device_open(mod, &mHwDevice);
+    if (rc != 0) {
+        ALOGE("couldn't open radio hw device in %s.%s (%s)",
+              RADIO_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID, "primary", strerror(-rc));
+        mHwDevice = NULL;
+        return;
+    }
+    if (mHwDevice->common.version != RADIO_DEVICE_API_VERSION_CURRENT) {
+        ALOGE("wrong radio hw device version %04x", mHwDevice->common.version);
+        radio_hw_device_close(mHwDevice);
+        mHwDevice = NULL;
+    }
+}
+
+RadioHalLegacy::~RadioHalLegacy()
+{
+    if (mHwDevice != NULL) {
+        radio_hw_device_close(mHwDevice);
+    }
+}
+
+int RadioHalLegacy::getProperties(radio_hal_properties_t *properties)
+{
+    if (mHwDevice == NULL) {
+        return -ENODEV;
+    }
+
+    int rc = mHwDevice->get_properties(mHwDevice, properties);
+    if (rc != 0) {
+        ALOGE("could not read implementation properties");
+    }
+
+    return rc;
+}
+
+int RadioHalLegacy::openTuner(const radio_hal_band_config_t *config,
+                bool audio,
+                sp<TunerCallbackInterface> callback,
+                sp<TunerInterface>& tuner)
+{
+    if (mHwDevice == NULL) {
+        return -ENODEV;
+    }
+    sp<Tuner> tunerImpl = new Tuner(callback);
+
+    const struct radio_tuner *halTuner;
+    int rc = mHwDevice->open_tuner(mHwDevice, config, audio,
+                                   RadioHalLegacy::Tuner::callback, tunerImpl.get(),
+                                   &halTuner);
+    if (rc == 0) {
+        tunerImpl->setHalTuner(halTuner);
+        tuner = tunerImpl;
+    }
+    return rc;
+}
+
+int RadioHalLegacy::closeTuner(sp<TunerInterface>& tuner)
+{
+    if (mHwDevice == NULL) {
+        return -ENODEV;
+    }
+    if (tuner == 0) {
+        return -EINVAL;
+    }
+    sp<Tuner> tunerImpl = (Tuner *)tuner.get();
+    return mHwDevice->close_tuner(mHwDevice, tunerImpl->getHalTuner());
+}
+
+int RadioHalLegacy::Tuner::setConfiguration(const radio_hal_band_config_t *config)
+{
+    if (mHalTuner == NULL) {
+        return -ENODEV;
+    }
+    return mHalTuner->set_configuration(mHalTuner, config);
+}
+
+int RadioHalLegacy::Tuner::getConfiguration(radio_hal_band_config_t *config)
+{
+    if (mHalTuner == NULL) {
+        return -ENODEV;
+    }
+    return mHalTuner->get_configuration(mHalTuner, config);
+}
+
+int RadioHalLegacy::Tuner::scan(radio_direction_t direction, bool skip_sub_channel)
+{
+    if (mHalTuner == NULL) {
+        return -ENODEV;
+    }
+    return mHalTuner->scan(mHalTuner, direction, skip_sub_channel);
+}
+
+int RadioHalLegacy::Tuner::step(radio_direction_t direction, bool skip_sub_channel)
+{
+    if (mHalTuner == NULL) {
+        return -ENODEV;
+    }
+    return mHalTuner->step(mHalTuner, direction, skip_sub_channel);
+}
+
+int RadioHalLegacy::Tuner::tune(unsigned int channel, unsigned int sub_channel)
+{
+    if (mHalTuner == NULL) {
+        return -ENODEV;
+    }
+    return mHalTuner->tune(mHalTuner, channel, sub_channel);
+}
+
+int RadioHalLegacy::Tuner::cancel()
+{
+    if (mHalTuner == NULL) {
+        return -ENODEV;
+    }
+    return mHalTuner->cancel(mHalTuner);
+}
+
+int RadioHalLegacy::Tuner::getProgramInformation(radio_program_info_t *info)
+{
+    if (mHalTuner == NULL) {
+        return -ENODEV;
+    }
+    return mHalTuner->get_program_information(mHalTuner, info);
+}
+
+void RadioHalLegacy::Tuner::onCallback(radio_hal_event_t *halEvent)
+{
+    if (mCallback != 0) {
+        mCallback->onEvent(halEvent);
+    }
+}
+
+//static
+void RadioHalLegacy::Tuner::callback(radio_hal_event_t *halEvent, void *cookie)
+{
+    wp<RadioHalLegacy::Tuner> weak = wp<RadioHalLegacy::Tuner>((RadioHalLegacy::Tuner *)cookie);
+    sp<RadioHalLegacy::Tuner> tuner = weak.promote();
+    if (tuner != 0) {
+        tuner->onCallback(halEvent);
+    }
+}
+
+RadioHalLegacy::Tuner::Tuner(sp<TunerCallbackInterface> callback)
+    : TunerInterface(), mHalTuner(NULL), mCallback(callback)
+{
+}
+
+
+RadioHalLegacy::Tuner::~Tuner()
+{
+}
+
+
+} // namespace android
diff --git a/services/radio/RadioHalLegacy.h b/services/radio/RadioHalLegacy.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d4831b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/radio/RadioHalLegacy.h
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_RADIO_HAL_LEGACY_H
+#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_RADIO_HAL_LEGACY_H
+
+#include <utils/RefBase.h>
+#include <hardware/radio.h>
+#include "RadioInterface.h"
+#include "TunerInterface.h"
+#include "TunerCallbackInterface.h"
+
+namespace android {
+
+class RadioHalLegacy : public RadioInterface
+{
+public:
+        RadioHalLegacy(radio_class_t classId);
+
+        // RadioInterface
+        virtual int getProperties(radio_hal_properties_t *properties);
+        virtual int openTuner(const radio_hal_band_config_t *config,
+                        bool audio,
+                        sp<TunerCallbackInterface> callback,
+                        sp<TunerInterface>& tuner);
+        virtual int closeTuner(sp<TunerInterface>& tuner);
+
+        // RefBase
+        virtual void onFirstRef();
+
+        class Tuner  : public TunerInterface
+        {
+        public:
+                        Tuner(sp<TunerCallbackInterface> callback);
+
+            virtual int setConfiguration(const radio_hal_band_config_t *config);
+            virtual int getConfiguration(radio_hal_band_config_t *config);
+            virtual int scan(radio_direction_t direction, bool skip_sub_channel);
+            virtual int step(radio_direction_t direction, bool skip_sub_channel);
+            virtual int tune(unsigned int channel, unsigned int sub_channel);
+            virtual int cancel();
+            virtual int getProgramInformation(radio_program_info_t *info);
+
+            static void callback(radio_hal_event_t *halEvent, void *cookie);
+                   void onCallback(radio_hal_event_t *halEvent);
+
+            void setHalTuner(const struct radio_tuner *halTuner) { mHalTuner = halTuner; }
+            const struct radio_tuner *getHalTuner() { return mHalTuner; }
+
+        private:
+            virtual      ~Tuner();
+
+            const struct radio_tuner    *mHalTuner;
+            sp<TunerCallbackInterface>  mCallback;
+        };
+
+protected:
+        virtual     ~RadioHalLegacy();
+
+private:
+        static const char * sClassModuleNames[];
+
+        radio_class_t mClassId;
+        struct radio_hw_device  *mHwDevice;
+};
+
+} // namespace android
+
+#endif // ANDROID_HARDWARE_RADIO_HAL_LEGACY_H
diff --git a/services/radio/RadioInterface.h b/services/radio/RadioInterface.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fcfb4d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/radio/RadioInterface.h
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_RADIO_INTERFACE_H
+#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_RADIO_INTERFACE_H
+
+#include <utils/RefBase.h>
+#include <system/radio.h>
+#include "TunerInterface.h"
+#include "TunerCallbackInterface.h"
+
+namespace android {
+
+class RadioInterface : public virtual RefBase
+{
+public:
+        /* get a sound trigger HAL instance */
+        static sp<RadioInterface> connectModule(radio_class_t classId);
+
+        /*
+         * Retrieve implementation properties.
+         *
+         * arguments:
+         * - properties: where to return the module properties
+         *
+         * returns:
+         *  0 if no error
+         *  -EINVAL if invalid arguments are passed
+         */
+        virtual int getProperties(radio_hal_properties_t *properties) = 0;
+
+        /*
+         * Open a tuner interface for the requested configuration.
+         * If no other tuner is opened, this will activate the radio module.
+         *
+         * arguments:
+         * - config: the band configuration to apply
+         * - audio: this tuner will be used for live radio listening and should be connected to
+         * the radio audio source.
+         * - callback: the event callback
+         * - cookie: the cookie to pass when calling the callback
+         * - tuner: where to return the tuner interface
+         *
+         * returns:
+         *  0 if HW was powered up and configuration could be applied
+         *  -EINVAL if configuration requested is invalid
+         *  -ENOSYS if called out of sequence
+         *
+         * Callback function with event RADIO_EVENT_CONFIG MUST be called once the
+         * configuration is applied or a failure occurs or after a time out.
+         */
+        virtual int openTuner(const radio_hal_band_config_t *config,
+                        bool audio,
+                        sp<TunerCallbackInterface> callback,
+                        sp<TunerInterface>& tuner) = 0;
+
+        /*
+         * Close a tuner interface.
+         * If the last tuner is closed, the radio module is deactivated.
+         *
+         * arguments:
+         * - tuner: the tuner interface to close
+         *
+         * returns:
+         *  0 if powered down successfully.
+         *  -EINVAL if an invalid argument is passed
+         *  -ENOSYS if called out of sequence
+         */
+        virtual int closeTuner(sp<TunerInterface>& tuner) = 0;
+
+protected:
+        RadioInterface() {}
+        virtual     ~RadioInterface() {}
+};
+
+} // namespace android
+
+#endif // ANDROID_HARDWARE_RADIO_INTERFACE_H
diff --git a/services/radio/RadioService.cpp b/services/radio/RadioService.cpp
index 5a3f750..227955d 100644
--- a/services/radio/RadioService.cpp
+++ b/services/radio/RadioService.cpp
@@ -51,31 +51,15 @@
 
 void RadioService::onFirstRef()
 {
-    const hw_module_t *mod;
-    int rc;
-    struct radio_hw_device *dev;
-
     ALOGI("%s", __FUNCTION__);
 
-    rc = hw_get_module_by_class(RADIO_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID, RADIO_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID_FM, &mod);
-    if (rc != 0) {
-        ALOGE("couldn't load radio module %s.%s (%s)",
-              RADIO_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID, "primary", strerror(-rc));
-        return;
-    }
-    rc = radio_hw_device_open(mod, &dev);
-    if (rc != 0) {
-        ALOGE("couldn't open radio hw device in %s.%s (%s)",
-              RADIO_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID, "primary", strerror(-rc));
-        return;
-    }
-    if (dev->common.version != RADIO_DEVICE_API_VERSION_CURRENT) {
-        ALOGE("wrong radio hw device version %04x", dev->common.version);
-        return;
-    }
+    sp<RadioInterface> dev = RadioInterface::connectModule(RADIO_CLASS_AM_FM);
 
+    if (dev == 0) {
+        return;
+    }
     struct radio_hal_properties halProperties;
-    rc = dev->get_properties(dev, &halProperties);
+    int rc = dev->getProperties(&halProperties);
     if (rc != 0) {
         ALOGE("could not read implementation properties");
         return;
@@ -94,9 +78,6 @@
 
 RadioService::~RadioService()
 {
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < mModules.size(); i++) {
-        radio_hw_device_close(mModules.valueAt(i)->hwDevice());
-    }
 }
 
 status_t RadioService::listModules(struct radio_properties *properties,
@@ -108,7 +89,7 @@
     if (numModules == NULL || (*numModules != 0 && properties == NULL)) {
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
-    size_t maxModules = *numModules;
+    uint32_t maxModules = *numModules;
     *numModules = mModules.size();
     for (size_t i = 0; i < mModules.size() && i < maxModules; i++) {
         properties[i] = mModules.valueAt(i)->properties();
@@ -192,16 +173,6 @@
 }
 
 
-// static
-void RadioService::callback(radio_hal_event_t *halEvent, void *cookie)
-{
-    CallbackThread *callbackThread = (CallbackThread *)cookie;
-    if (callbackThread == NULL) {
-        return;
-    }
-    callbackThread->sendEvent(halEvent);
-}
-
 /* static */
 void RadioService::convertProperties(radio_properties_t *properties,
                                      const radio_hal_properties_t *halProperties)
@@ -385,12 +356,13 @@
 #undef LOG_TAG
 #define LOG_TAG "RadioService::Module"
 
-RadioService::Module::Module(radio_hw_device* hwDevice, radio_properties properties)
+RadioService::Module::Module(sp<RadioInterface> hwDevice, radio_properties properties)
  : mHwDevice(hwDevice), mProperties(properties), mMute(true)
 {
 }
 
 RadioService::Module::~Module() {
+    mHwDevice.clear();
     mModuleClients.clear();
 }
 
@@ -404,10 +376,15 @@
                                     bool audio)
 {
     ALOGV("addClient() %p config %p product %s", this, config, mProperties.product);
+
     AutoMutex lock(mLock);
     sp<ModuleClient> moduleClient;
     int ret;
 
+    if (mHwDevice == 0) {
+        return moduleClient;
+    }
+
     for (size_t i = 0; i < mModuleClients.size(); i++) {
         if (mModuleClients[i]->client() == client) {
             // client already connected: reject
@@ -464,7 +441,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    const struct radio_tuner *halTuner;
+    sp<TunerInterface> halTuner;
     sp<ModuleClient> preemtedClient;
     if (audio) {
         if (allocatedAudio >= mProperties.num_audio_sources) {
@@ -484,18 +461,19 @@
     }
     if (preemtedClient != 0) {
         halTuner = preemtedClient->getTuner();
-        preemtedClient->setTuner(NULL);
-        mHwDevice->close_tuner(mHwDevice, halTuner);
+        sp<TunerInterface> clear;
+        preemtedClient->setTuner(clear);
+        mHwDevice->closeTuner(halTuner);
         if (preemtedClient->audio()) {
             notifyDeviceConnection(false, "");
         }
     }
 
-    ret = mHwDevice->open_tuner(mHwDevice, &halConfig, audio,
-                                RadioService::callback, moduleClient->callbackThread().get(),
-                                &halTuner);
+    ret = mHwDevice->openTuner(&halConfig, audio,
+                               moduleClient,
+                               halTuner);
     if (ret == 0) {
-        ALOGV("addClient() setTuner %p", halTuner);
+        ALOGV("addClient() setTuner %p", halTuner.get());
         moduleClient->setTuner(halTuner);
         mModuleClients.add(moduleClient);
         if (audio) {
@@ -527,12 +505,15 @@
     }
 
     mModuleClients.removeAt(index);
-    const struct radio_tuner *halTuner = moduleClient->getTuner();
+    sp<TunerInterface> halTuner = moduleClient->getTuner();
     if (halTuner == NULL) {
         return;
     }
 
-    mHwDevice->close_tuner(mHwDevice, halTuner);
+    if (mHwDevice != 0) {
+        mHwDevice->closeTuner(halTuner);
+    }
+
     if (moduleClient->audio()) {
         notifyDeviceConnection(false, "");
     }
@@ -543,6 +524,10 @@
         return;
     }
 
+    if (mHwDevice == 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+
     // Tuner reallocation logic:
     // When a client is removed and was controlling a tuner, this tuner will be allocated to a
     // previously preempted client. This client will be notified by a callback with
@@ -591,9 +576,9 @@
     ALOG_ASSERT(youngestClient != 0, "removeClient() removed client no candidate found for tuner");
 
     struct radio_hal_band_config halConfig = youngestClient->halConfig();
-    ret = mHwDevice->open_tuner(mHwDevice, &halConfig, youngestClient->audio(),
-                                RadioService::callback, moduleClient->callbackThread().get(),
-                                &halTuner);
+    ret = mHwDevice->openTuner(&halConfig, youngestClient->audio(),
+                                moduleClient,
+                                halTuner);
 
     if (ret == 0) {
         youngestClient->setTuner(halTuner);
@@ -646,7 +631,7 @@
                                          const sp<IRadioClient>& client,
                                          const struct radio_band_config *config,
                                          bool audio)
- : mModule(module), mClient(client), mConfig(*config), mAudio(audio), mTuner(NULL)
+ : mModule(module), mClient(client), mConfig(*config), mAudio(audio), mTuner(0)
 {
 }
 
@@ -666,6 +651,11 @@
     }
 }
 
+void RadioService::ModuleClient::onEvent(radio_hal_event_t *halEvent)
+{
+    mCallbackThread->sendEvent(halEvent);
+}
+
 status_t RadioService::ModuleClient::dump(int fd __unused,
                                              const Vector<String16>& args __unused) {
     String8 result;
@@ -696,14 +686,14 @@
     return mConfig.band;
 }
 
-const struct radio_tuner *RadioService::ModuleClient::getTuner() const
+sp<TunerInterface>& RadioService::ModuleClient::getTuner()
 {
     AutoMutex lock(mLock);
     ALOGV("%s locked", __FUNCTION__);
     return mTuner;
 }
 
-void RadioService::ModuleClient::setTuner(const struct radio_tuner *tuner)
+void RadioService::ModuleClient::setTuner(sp<TunerInterface>& tuner)
 {
     ALOGV("%s %p", __FUNCTION__, this);
 
@@ -714,7 +704,7 @@
     radio_hal_event_t event;
     event.type = RADIO_EVENT_CONTROL;
     event.status = 0;
-    event.on = mTuner != NULL;
+    event.on = mTuner != 0;
     mCallbackThread->sendEvent(&event);
     ALOGV("%s DONE", __FUNCTION__);
 
@@ -726,10 +716,10 @@
     status_t status = NO_ERROR;
     ALOGV("%s locked", __FUNCTION__);
 
-    if (mTuner != NULL) {
+    if (mTuner != 0) {
         struct radio_hal_band_config halConfig;
         halConfig = config->band;
-        status = (status_t)mTuner->set_configuration(mTuner, &halConfig);
+        status = (status_t)mTuner->setConfiguration(&halConfig);
         if (status == NO_ERROR) {
             mConfig = *config;
         }
@@ -747,9 +737,9 @@
     status_t status = NO_ERROR;
     ALOGV("%s locked", __FUNCTION__);
 
-    if (mTuner != NULL) {
+    if (mTuner != 0) {
         struct radio_hal_band_config halConfig;
-        status = (status_t)mTuner->get_configuration(mTuner, &halConfig);
+        status = (status_t)mTuner->getConfiguration(&halConfig);
         if (status == NO_ERROR) {
             mConfig.band = halConfig;
         }
@@ -765,7 +755,7 @@
     {
         Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
         ALOGV("%s locked", __FUNCTION__);
-        if (mTuner == NULL || !mAudio) {
+        if (mTuner == 0 || !mAudio) {
             return INVALID_OPERATION;
         }
         module = mModule.promote();
@@ -796,8 +786,8 @@
     AutoMutex lock(mLock);
     ALOGV("%s locked", __FUNCTION__);
     status_t status;
-    if (mTuner != NULL) {
-        status = (status_t)mTuner->scan(mTuner, direction, skipSubChannel);
+    if (mTuner != 0) {
+        status = (status_t)mTuner->scan(direction, skipSubChannel);
     } else {
         status = INVALID_OPERATION;
     }
@@ -809,21 +799,21 @@
     AutoMutex lock(mLock);
     ALOGV("%s locked", __FUNCTION__);
     status_t status;
-    if (mTuner != NULL) {
-        status = (status_t)mTuner->step(mTuner, direction, skipSubChannel);
+    if (mTuner != 0) {
+        status = (status_t)mTuner->step(direction, skipSubChannel);
     } else {
         status = INVALID_OPERATION;
     }
     return status;
 }
 
-status_t RadioService::ModuleClient::tune(unsigned int channel, unsigned int subChannel)
+status_t RadioService::ModuleClient::tune(uint32_t channel, uint32_t subChannel)
 {
     AutoMutex lock(mLock);
     ALOGV("%s locked", __FUNCTION__);
     status_t status;
-    if (mTuner != NULL) {
-        status = (status_t)mTuner->tune(mTuner, channel, subChannel);
+    if (mTuner != 0) {
+        status = (status_t)mTuner->tune(channel, subChannel);
     } else {
         status = INVALID_OPERATION;
     }
@@ -835,8 +825,8 @@
     AutoMutex lock(mLock);
     ALOGV("%s locked", __FUNCTION__);
     status_t status;
-    if (mTuner != NULL) {
-        status = (status_t)mTuner->cancel(mTuner);
+    if (mTuner != 0) {
+        status = (status_t)mTuner->cancel();
     } else {
         status = INVALID_OPERATION;
     }
@@ -849,7 +839,7 @@
     ALOGV("%s locked", __FUNCTION__);
     status_t status;
     if (mTuner != NULL) {
-        status = (status_t)mTuner->get_program_information(mTuner, info);
+        status = (status_t)mTuner->getProgramInformation(info);
     } else {
         status = INVALID_OPERATION;
     }
@@ -860,7 +850,7 @@
 {
     Mutex::Autolock lock(mLock);
     ALOGV("%s locked", __FUNCTION__);
-    *hasControl = mTuner != NULL;
+    *hasControl = mTuner != 0;
     return NO_ERROR;
 }
 
diff --git a/services/radio/RadioService.h b/services/radio/RadioService.h
index ac3481e..444eb7a 100644
--- a/services/radio/RadioService.h
+++ b/services/radio/RadioService.h
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@
 #include <radio/IRadioClient.h>
 #include <system/radio.h>
 #include <hardware/radio.h>
+#include "RadioInterface.h"
+#include "TunerInterface.h"
+#include "TunerCallbackInterface.h"
 
 namespace android {
 
@@ -66,7 +69,7 @@
     class Module : public virtual RefBase {
     public:
 
-       Module(radio_hw_device* hwDevice,
+       Module(sp<RadioInterface> hwDevice,
               struct radio_properties properties);
 
        virtual ~Module();
@@ -83,7 +86,7 @@
 
        virtual status_t dump(int fd, const Vector<String16>& args);
 
-       const struct radio_hw_device *hwDevice() const { return mHwDevice; }
+       sp<RadioInterface> hwDevice() const { return mHwDevice; }
        const struct radio_properties properties() const { return mProperties; }
        const struct radio_band_config *getDefaultConfig() const ;
 
@@ -92,7 +95,7 @@
        void notifyDeviceConnection(bool connected, const char *address);
 
         Mutex                         mLock;          // protects  mModuleClients
-        const struct radio_hw_device  *mHwDevice;     // HAL hardware device
+        sp<RadioInterface>            mHwDevice;      // HAL hardware device
         const struct radio_properties mProperties;    // cached hardware module properties
         Vector< sp<ModuleClient> >    mModuleClients; // list of attached clients
         bool                          mMute;          // radio audio source state
@@ -128,7 +131,8 @@
     }; // class CallbackThread
 
     class ModuleClient : public BnRadio,
-                   public IBinder::DeathRecipient {
+                   public IBinder::DeathRecipient,
+                   public TunerCallbackInterface {
     public:
 
        ModuleClient(const sp<Module>& module,
@@ -167,8 +171,8 @@
                wp<Module> module() const { return mModule; }
                radio_hal_band_config_t halConfig() const;
                sp<CallbackThread> callbackThread() const { return mCallbackThread; }
-               void setTuner(const struct radio_tuner *tuner);
-               const struct radio_tuner *getTuner() const;
+               void setTuner(sp<TunerInterface>& tuner);
+               sp<TunerInterface>& getTuner();
                bool audio() const { return mAudio; }
 
                void onCallbackEvent(const sp<IMemory>& event);
@@ -179,6 +183,9 @@
        // IBinder::DeathRecipient implementation
        virtual void        binderDied(const wp<IBinder> &who);
 
+       // TunerCallbackInterface
+       virtual void onEvent(radio_hal_event_t *event);
+
     private:
 
         mutable Mutex               mLock;           // protects mClient, mConfig and mTuner
@@ -187,7 +194,7 @@
         radio_band_config_t         mConfig;         // current band configuration
         sp<CallbackThread>          mCallbackThread; // event callback thread
         const bool                  mAudio;
-        const struct radio_tuner    *mTuner;        // HAL tuner interface. NULL indicates that
+        sp<TunerInterface>          mTuner;        // HAL tuner interface. NULL indicates that
                                                     // this client does not have control on any
                                                     // tuner
     }; // class ModuleClient
diff --git a/services/radio/TunerCallbackInterface.h b/services/radio/TunerCallbackInterface.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4973cce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/radio/TunerCallbackInterface.h
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_TUNER_CALLBACK_INTERFACE_H
+#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_TUNER_CALLBACK_INTERFACE_H
+
+#include <utils/RefBase.h>
+#include <system/radio.h>
+
+namespace android {
+
+class TunerCallbackInterface : public virtual RefBase
+{
+public:
+    virtual void onEvent(radio_hal_event_t *event) = 0;
+
+protected:
+                 TunerCallbackInterface() {}
+    virtual      ~TunerCallbackInterface() {}
+
+};
+
+} // namespace android
+
+#endif // ANDROID_HARDWARE_TUNER_CALLBACK_INTERFACE_H
diff --git a/services/radio/TunerInterface.h b/services/radio/TunerInterface.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4e657d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/radio/TunerInterface.h
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_TUNER_INTERFACE_H
+#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_TUNER_INTERFACE_H
+
+#include <utils/RefBase.h>
+#include <system/radio.h>
+
+namespace android {
+
+class TunerInterface : public virtual RefBase
+{
+public:
+        /*
+         * Apply current radio band configuration (band, range, channel spacing ...).
+         *
+         * arguments:
+         * - config: the band configuration to apply
+         *
+         * returns:
+         *  0 if configuration could be applied
+         *  -EINVAL if configuration requested is invalid
+         *
+         * Automatically cancels pending scan, step or tune.
+         *
+         * Callback function with event RADIO_EVENT_CONFIG MUST be called once the
+         * configuration is applied or a failure occurs or after a time out.
+         */
+    virtual int setConfiguration(const radio_hal_band_config_t *config) = 0;
+
+        /*
+         * Retrieve current radio band configuration.
+         *
+         * arguments:
+         * - config: where to return the band configuration
+         *
+         * returns:
+         *  0 if valid configuration is returned
+         *  -EINVAL if invalid arguments are passed
+         */
+    virtual int getConfiguration(radio_hal_band_config_t *config) = 0;
+
+        /*
+         * Start scanning up to next valid station.
+         * Must be called when a valid configuration has been applied.
+         *
+         * arguments:
+         * - direction: RADIO_DIRECTION_UP or RADIO_DIRECTION_DOWN
+         * - skip_sub_channel: valid for HD radio or digital radios only: ignore sub channels
+         *  (e.g SPS for HD radio).
+         *
+         * returns:
+         *  0 if scan successfully started
+         *  -ENOSYS if called out of sequence
+         *  -ENODEV if another error occurs
+         *
+         * Automatically cancels pending scan, step or tune.
+         *
+         *  Callback function with event RADIO_EVENT_TUNED MUST be called once
+         *  locked on a station or after a time out or full frequency scan if
+         *  no station found. The event status should indicate if a valid station
+         *  is tuned or not.
+         */
+    virtual int scan(radio_direction_t direction, bool skip_sub_channel) = 0;
+
+        /*
+         * Move one channel spacing up or down.
+         * Must be called when a valid configuration has been applied.
+         *
+         * arguments:
+         * - direction: RADIO_DIRECTION_UP or RADIO_DIRECTION_DOWN
+         * - skip_sub_channel: valid for HD radio or digital radios only: ignore sub channels
+         *  (e.g SPS for HD radio).
+         *
+         * returns:
+         *  0 if step successfully started
+         *  -ENOSYS if called out of sequence
+         *  -ENODEV if another error occurs
+         *
+         * Automatically cancels pending scan, step or tune.
+         *
+         * Callback function with event RADIO_EVENT_TUNED MUST be called once
+         * step completed or after a time out. The event status should indicate
+         * if a valid station is tuned or not.
+         */
+    virtual int step(radio_direction_t direction, bool skip_sub_channel) = 0;
+
+        /*
+         * Tune to specified frequency.
+         * Must be called when a valid configuration has been applied.
+         *
+         * arguments:
+         * - channel: channel to tune to. A frequency in kHz for AM/FM/HD Radio bands.
+         * - sub_channel: valid for HD radio or digital radios only: (e.g SPS number for HD radio).
+         *
+         * returns:
+         *  0 if tune successfully started
+         *  -ENOSYS if called out of sequence
+         *  -EINVAL if invalid arguments are passed
+         *  -ENODEV if another error occurs
+         *
+         * Automatically cancels pending scan, step or tune.
+         *
+         * Callback function with event RADIO_EVENT_TUNED MUST be called once
+         * tuned or after a time out. The event status should indicate
+         * if a valid station is tuned or not.
+         */
+    virtual int tune(unsigned int channel, unsigned int sub_channel) = 0;
+
+        /*
+         * Cancel a scan, step or tune operation.
+         * Must be called while a scan, step or tune operation is pending
+         * (callback not yet sent).
+         *
+         * returns:
+         *  0 if successful
+         *  -ENOSYS if called out of sequence
+         *  -ENODEV if another error occurs
+         *
+         * The callback is not sent.
+         */
+    virtual int cancel() = 0;
+
+        /*
+         * Retrieve current station information.
+         *
+         * arguments:
+         * - info: where to return the program info.
+         * If info->metadata is NULL. no meta data should be returned.
+         * If meta data must be returned, they should be added to or cloned to
+         * info->metadata, not passed from a newly created meta data buffer.
+         *
+         * returns:
+         *  0 if tuned and information available
+         *  -EINVAL if invalid arguments are passed
+         *  -ENODEV if another error occurs
+         */
+    virtual int getProgramInformation(radio_program_info_t *info) = 0;
+
+protected:
+                TunerInterface() {}
+    virtual     ~TunerInterface() {}
+
+};
+
+} // namespace android
+
+#endif // ANDROID_HARDWARE_TUNER_INTERFACE_H