drivers: base: Add generic cross-process locking API

Add a generic locking API for situations where multiple user-space
processes and/or kernel drivers need to cooordinate access to a
shared resource such as a graphics buffer.

Change-Id: Ic0dedbad74b970d7bd1a6624a845b5b1b9847443
Signed-off-by: Jordan Crouse <jcrouse@codeaurora.org>
diff --git a/drivers/base/genlock.c b/drivers/base/genlock.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..40b9575
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/base/genlock.c
@@ -0,0 +1,620 @@
+/* Copyright (c) 2011, Code Aurora Forum. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 and
+ * only version 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/fb.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/list.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/anon_inodes.h>
+#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
+#include <linux/genlock.h>
+
+/* Lock states - can either be unlocked, held as an exclusive write lock or a
+ * shared read lock
+ */
+
+#define _UNLOCKED 0
+#define _RDLOCK  GENLOCK_RDLOCK
+#define _WRLOCK GENLOCK_WRLOCK
+
+struct genlock {
+	struct list_head active;  /* List of handles holding lock */
+	spinlock_t lock;          /* Spinlock to protect the lock internals */
+	wait_queue_head_t queue;  /* Holding pen for processes pending lock */
+	struct file *file;        /* File structure for exported lock */
+	int state;                /* Current state of the lock */
+};
+
+struct genlock_handle {
+	struct genlock *lock;     /* Lock currently attached to the handle */
+	struct list_head entry;   /* List node for attaching to a lock */
+	struct file *file;        /* File structure associated with handle */
+	int active;		  /* Number of times the active lock has been
+				     taken */
+};
+
+/*
+ * Release the genlock object. Called when all the references to
+ * the genlock file descriptor are released
+ */
+
+static int genlock_release(struct inode *inodep, struct file *file)
+{
+	kfree(file->private_data);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct file_operations genlock_fops = {
+	.release = genlock_release,
+};
+
+/**
+ * genlock_create_lock - Create a new lock
+ * @handle - genlock handle to attach the lock to
+ *
+ * Returns: a pointer to the genlock
+ */
+
+struct genlock *genlock_create_lock(struct genlock_handle *handle)
+{
+	struct genlock *lock;
+
+	if (handle->lock != NULL)
+		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+	lock = kzalloc(sizeof(*lock), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (lock == NULL)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&lock->active);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&lock->queue);
+	spin_lock_init(&lock->lock);
+
+	lock->state = _UNLOCKED;
+
+	/*
+	 * Create an anonyonmous inode for the object that can exported to
+	 * other processes
+	 */
+
+	lock->file = anon_inode_getfile("genlock", &genlock_fops,
+		lock, O_RDWR);
+
+	/* Attach the new lock to the handle */
+	handle->lock = lock;
+
+	return lock;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(genlock_create_lock);
+
+/*
+ * Get a file descriptor reference to a lock suitable for sharing with
+ * other processes
+ */
+
+static int genlock_get_fd(struct genlock *lock)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!lock->file)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	ret = get_unused_fd_flags(0);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+	fd_install(ret, lock->file);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * genlock_attach_lock - Attach an existing lock to a handle
+ * @handle - Pointer to a genlock handle to attach the lock to
+ * @fd - file descriptor for the exported lock
+ *
+ * Returns: A pointer to the attached lock structure
+ */
+
+struct genlock *genlock_attach_lock(struct genlock_handle *handle, int fd)
+{
+	struct file *file;
+
+	if (handle->lock != NULL)
+		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+	file = fget(fd);
+	if (file == NULL)
+		return ERR_PTR(-EBADF);
+
+	handle->lock = file->private_data;
+
+	return handle->lock;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(genlock_attach_lock);
+
+/* Helper function that returns 1 if the specified handle holds the lock */
+
+static int handle_has_lock(struct genlock *lock, struct genlock_handle *handle)
+{
+	struct genlock_handle *h;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(h, &lock->active, entry) {
+		if (h == handle)
+			return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* If the lock just became available, signal the next entity waiting for it */
+
+static void _genlock_signal(struct genlock *lock)
+{
+	if (list_empty(&lock->active)) {
+		/* If the list is empty, then the lock is free */
+		lock->state = _UNLOCKED;
+		/* Wake up the first process sitting in the queue */
+		wake_up(&lock->queue);
+	}
+}
+
+/* Attempt to release the handle's ownership of the lock */
+
+static int _genlock_unlock(struct genlock *lock, struct genlock_handle *handle)
+{
+	int ret = -EINVAL;
+	unsigned long irqflags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&lock->lock, irqflags);
+
+	if (lock->state == _UNLOCKED)
+		goto done;
+
+	/* Make sure this handle is an owner of the lock */
+	if (!handle_has_lock(lock, handle))
+		goto done;
+
+	/* If the handle holds no more references to the lock then
+	   release it (maybe) */
+
+	if (--handle->active == 0) {
+		list_del(&handle->entry);
+		_genlock_signal(lock);
+	}
+
+	ret = 0;
+
+done:
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&lock->lock, irqflags);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/* Attempt to acquire the lock for the handle */
+
+static int _genlock_lock(struct genlock *lock, struct genlock_handle *handle,
+	int op, int flags, uint32_t timeout)
+{
+	unsigned long irqflags;
+	int ret = 0;
+	unsigned int ticks = msecs_to_jiffies(timeout);
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&lock->lock, irqflags);
+
+	/* Sanity check - no blocking locks in a debug context. Even if it
+	 * succeed to not block, the mere idea is too dangerous to continue
+	 */
+
+	if (in_interrupt() && !(flags & GENLOCK_NOBLOCK))
+		BUG();
+
+	/* Fast path - the lock is unlocked, so go do the needful */
+
+	if (lock->state == _UNLOCKED)
+		goto dolock;
+
+	if (handle_has_lock(lock, handle)) {
+
+		/*
+		 * If the handle already holds the lock and the type matches,
+		 * then just increment the active pointer. This allows the
+		 * handle to do recursive locks
+		 */
+
+		if (lock->state == op) {
+			handle->active++;
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * If the handle holds a write lock then the owner can switch
+		 * to a read lock if they want. Do the transition atomically
+		 * then wake up any pending waiters in case they want a read
+		 * lock too.
+		 */
+
+		if (op == _RDLOCK && handle->active == 1) {
+			lock->state = _RDLOCK;
+			wake_up(&lock->queue);
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Otherwise the user tried to turn a read into a write, and we
+		 * don't allow that.
+		 */
+
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If we request a read and the lock is held by a read, then go
+	 * ahead and share the lock
+	 */
+
+	if (op == GENLOCK_RDLOCK && lock->state == _RDLOCK)
+		goto dolock;
+
+	/* Treat timeout 0 just like a NOBLOCK flag and return if the
+	   lock cannot be aquired without blocking */
+
+	if (flags & GENLOCK_NOBLOCK || timeout == 0) {
+		ret = -EAGAIN;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/* Wait while the lock remains in an incompatible state */
+
+	while (lock->state != _UNLOCKED) {
+		unsigned int elapsed;
+
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&lock->lock, irqflags);
+
+		elapsed = wait_event_interruptible_timeout(lock->queue,
+			lock->state == _UNLOCKED, ticks);
+
+		spin_lock_irqsave(&lock->lock, irqflags);
+
+		if (elapsed <= 0) {
+			ret = (elapsed < 0) ? elapsed : -ETIMEDOUT;
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		ticks = elapsed;
+	}
+
+dolock:
+	/* We can now get the lock, add ourselves to the list of owners */
+
+	list_add_tail(&handle->entry, &lock->active);
+	lock->state = op;
+	handle->active = 1;
+
+done:
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&lock->lock, irqflags);
+	return ret;
+
+}
+
+/**
+ * genlock_lock - Acquire or release a lock
+ * @handle - pointer to the genlock handle that is requesting the lock
+ * @op - the operation to perform (RDLOCK, WRLOCK, UNLOCK)
+ * @flags - flags to control the operation
+ * @timeout - optional timeout to wait for the lock to come free
+ *
+ * Returns: 0 on success or error code on failure
+ */
+
+int genlock_lock(struct genlock_handle *handle, int op, int flags,
+	uint32_t timeout)
+{
+	struct genlock *lock = handle->lock;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (lock == NULL)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	switch (op) {
+	case GENLOCK_UNLOCK:
+		ret = _genlock_unlock(lock, handle);
+		break;
+	case GENLOCK_RDLOCK:
+	case GENLOCK_WRLOCK:
+		ret = _genlock_lock(lock, handle, op, flags, timeout);
+		break;
+	default:
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(genlock_lock);
+
+/**
+ * genlock_wait - Wait for the lock to be released
+ * @handle - pointer to the genlock handle that is waiting for the lock
+ * @timeout - optional timeout to wait for the lock to get released
+ */
+
+int genlock_wait(struct genlock_handle *handle, uint32_t timeout)
+{
+	struct genlock *lock = handle->lock;
+	unsigned long irqflags;
+	int ret = 0;
+	unsigned int ticks = msecs_to_jiffies(timeout);
+
+	if (lock == NULL)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&lock->lock, irqflags);
+
+	/*
+	 * if timeout is 0 and the lock is already unlocked, then success
+	 * otherwise return -EAGAIN
+	 */
+
+	if (timeout == 0) {
+		ret = (lock->state == _UNLOCKED) ? 0 : -EAGAIN;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	while (lock->state != _UNLOCKED) {
+		unsigned int elapsed;
+
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&lock->lock, irqflags);
+
+		elapsed = wait_event_interruptible_timeout(lock->queue,
+			lock->state == _UNLOCKED, ticks);
+
+		spin_lock_irqsave(&lock->lock, irqflags);
+
+		if (elapsed <= 0) {
+			ret = (elapsed < 0) ? elapsed : -ETIMEDOUT;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		ticks = elapsed;
+	}
+
+done:
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&lock->lock, irqflags);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * genlock_release_lock - Release a lock attached to a handle
+ * @handle - Pointer to the handle holding the lock
+ */
+
+void genlock_release_lock(struct genlock_handle *handle)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	if (handle == NULL || handle->lock == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&handle->lock->lock, flags);
+
+	/* If the handle is holding the lock, then force it closed */
+
+	if (handle_has_lock(handle->lock, handle)) {
+		list_del(&handle->entry);
+		_genlock_signal(handle->lock);
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&handle->lock->lock, flags);
+
+	fput(handle->lock->file);
+	handle->lock = NULL;
+	handle->active = 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(genlock_release_lock);
+
+/*
+ * Release function called when all references to a handle are released
+ */
+
+static int genlock_handle_release(struct inode *inodep, struct file *file)
+{
+	struct genlock_handle *handle = file->private_data;
+
+	genlock_release_lock(handle);
+	kfree(handle);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct file_operations genlock_handle_fops = {
+	.release = genlock_handle_release
+};
+
+/*
+ * Allocate a new genlock handle
+ */
+
+static struct genlock_handle *_genlock_get_handle(void)
+{
+	struct genlock_handle *handle = kzalloc(sizeof(*handle), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (handle == NULL)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	return handle;
+}
+
+/**
+ * genlock_get_handle - Create a new genlock handle
+ *
+ * Returns: A pointer to a new genlock handle
+ */
+
+struct genlock_handle *genlock_get_handle(void)
+{
+	struct genlock_handle *handle = _genlock_get_handle();
+	if (IS_ERR(handle))
+		return handle;
+
+	handle->file = anon_inode_getfile("genlock-handle",
+		&genlock_handle_fops, handle, O_RDWR);
+
+	return handle;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(genlock_get_handle);
+
+/**
+ * genlock_put_handle - release a reference to a genlock handle
+ * @handle - A pointer to the handle to release
+ */
+
+void genlock_put_handle(struct genlock_handle *handle)
+{
+	if (handle)
+		fput(handle->file);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(genlock_put_handle);
+
+/**
+ * genlock_get_handle_fd - Get a handle reference from a file descriptor
+ * @fd - The file descriptor for a genlock handle
+ */
+
+struct genlock_handle *genlock_get_handle_fd(int fd)
+{
+	struct file *file = fget(fd);
+
+	if (file == NULL)
+		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+	return file->private_data;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(genlock_get_handle_fd);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_GENLOCK_MISCDEVICE
+
+static long genlock_dev_ioctl(struct file *filep, unsigned int cmd,
+	unsigned long arg)
+{
+	struct genlock_lock param;
+	struct genlock_handle *handle = filep->private_data;
+	struct genlock *lock;
+	int ret;
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case GENLOCK_IOC_NEW: {
+		lock = genlock_create_lock(handle);
+		if (IS_ERR(lock))
+			return PTR_ERR(lock);
+
+		return 0;
+	}
+	case GENLOCK_IOC_EXPORT: {
+		if (handle->lock == NULL)
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		ret = genlock_get_fd(handle->lock);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			return ret;
+
+		param.fd = ret;
+
+		if (copy_to_user((void __user *) arg, &param,
+			sizeof(param)))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		return 0;
+		}
+	case GENLOCK_IOC_ATTACH: {
+		if (copy_from_user(&param, (void __user *) arg,
+			sizeof(param)))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		lock = genlock_attach_lock(handle, param.fd);
+		if (IS_ERR(lock))
+			return PTR_ERR(lock);
+
+		return 0;
+	}
+	case GENLOCK_IOC_LOCK: {
+		if (copy_from_user(&param, (void __user *) arg,
+		sizeof(param)))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		return genlock_lock(handle, param.op, param.flags,
+			param.timeout);
+	}
+	case GENLOCK_IOC_WAIT: {
+		if (copy_from_user(&param, (void __user *) arg,
+		sizeof(param)))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		return genlock_wait(handle, param.timeout);
+	}
+	case GENLOCK_IOC_RELEASE: {
+		genlock_release_lock(handle);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+}
+
+static int genlock_dev_release(struct inode *inodep, struct file *file)
+{
+	struct genlock_handle *handle = file->private_data;
+
+	genlock_put_handle(handle);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int genlock_dev_open(struct inode *inodep, struct file *file)
+{
+	struct genlock_handle *handle = _genlock_get_handle();
+	if (IS_ERR(handle))
+		return PTR_ERR(handle);
+
+	handle->file = file;
+	file->private_data = handle;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct file_operations genlock_dev_fops = {
+	.open = genlock_dev_open,
+	.release = genlock_dev_release,
+	.unlocked_ioctl = genlock_dev_ioctl,
+};
+
+static struct miscdevice genlock_dev;
+
+static int genlock_dev_init(void)
+{
+	genlock_dev.minor = MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR;
+	genlock_dev.name = "genlock";
+	genlock_dev.fops = &genlock_dev_fops;
+	genlock_dev.parent = NULL;
+
+	return misc_register(&genlock_dev);
+}
+
+static void genlock_dev_close(void)
+{
+	misc_deregister(&genlock_dev);
+}
+
+module_init(genlock_dev_init);
+module_exit(genlock_dev_close);
+
+#endif