x86: implement percpu_alloc kernel parameter
According to Andi, it isn't clear whether lpage allocator is worth the
trouble as there are many processors where PMD TLB is far scarcer than
PTE TLB. The advantage or disadvantage probably depends on the actual
size of percpu area and specific processor. As performance
degradation due to TLB pressure tends to be highly workload specific
and subtle, it is difficult to decide which way to go without more
data.
This patch implements percpu_alloc kernel parameter to allow selecting
which first chunk allocator to use to ease debugging and testing.
While at it, make sure all the failure paths report why something
failed to help determining why certain allocator isn't working. Also,
kill the "Great future plan" comment which had already been realized
quite some time ago.
[ Impact: allow explicit percpu first chunk allocator selection ]
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Jan Beulich <JBeulich@novell.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/setup_percpu.c b/arch/x86/kernel/setup_percpu.c
index bad2fd2..165ebd5 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/setup_percpu.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/setup_percpu.c
@@ -156,20 +156,23 @@
return virt_to_page(pcpul_map[cpu].ptr + off);
}
-static ssize_t __init setup_pcpu_lpage(size_t static_size)
+static ssize_t __init setup_pcpu_lpage(size_t static_size, bool chosen)
{
size_t map_size, dyn_size;
unsigned int cpu;
int i, j;
ssize_t ret;
- /*
- * If large page isn't supported, there's no benefit in doing
- * this. Also, on non-NUMA, embedding is better.
- */
- if (!cpu_has_pse || !pcpu_need_numa())
+ /* on non-NUMA, embedding is better */
+ if (!chosen && !pcpu_need_numa())
return -EINVAL;
+ /* need PSE */
+ if (!cpu_has_pse) {
+ pr_warning("PERCPU: lpage allocator requires PSE\n");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
/*
* Currently supports only single page. Supporting multiple
* pages won't be too difficult if it ever becomes necessary.
@@ -191,8 +194,11 @@
pcpul_map[cpu].cpu = cpu;
pcpul_map[cpu].ptr = pcpu_alloc_bootmem(cpu, PMD_SIZE,
PMD_SIZE);
- if (!pcpul_map[cpu].ptr)
+ if (!pcpul_map[cpu].ptr) {
+ pr_warning("PERCPU: failed to allocate large page "
+ "for cpu%u\n", cpu);
goto enomem;
+ }
/*
* Only use pcpul_size bytes and give back the rest.
@@ -297,7 +303,7 @@
return NULL;
}
#else
-static ssize_t __init setup_pcpu_lpage(size_t static_size)
+static ssize_t __init setup_pcpu_lpage(size_t static_size, bool chosen)
{
return -EINVAL;
}
@@ -311,7 +317,7 @@
* mapping so that it can use PMD mapping without additional TLB
* pressure.
*/
-static ssize_t __init setup_pcpu_embed(size_t static_size)
+static ssize_t __init setup_pcpu_embed(size_t static_size, bool chosen)
{
size_t reserve = PERCPU_MODULE_RESERVE + PERCPU_DYNAMIC_RESERVE;
@@ -320,7 +326,7 @@
* this. Also, embedding allocation doesn't play well with
* NUMA.
*/
- if (!cpu_has_pse || pcpu_need_numa())
+ if (!chosen && (!cpu_has_pse || pcpu_need_numa()))
return -EINVAL;
return pcpu_embed_first_chunk(static_size, PERCPU_FIRST_CHUNK_RESERVE,
@@ -370,8 +376,11 @@
void *ptr;
ptr = pcpu_alloc_bootmem(cpu, PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
- if (!ptr)
+ if (!ptr) {
+ pr_warning("PERCPU: failed to allocate "
+ "4k page for cpu%u\n", cpu);
goto enomem;
+ }
memcpy(ptr, __per_cpu_load + i * PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
pcpu4k_pages[j++] = virt_to_page(ptr);
@@ -395,6 +404,16 @@
return ret;
}
+/* for explicit first chunk allocator selection */
+static char pcpu_chosen_alloc[16] __initdata;
+
+static int __init percpu_alloc_setup(char *str)
+{
+ strncpy(pcpu_chosen_alloc, str, sizeof(pcpu_chosen_alloc) - 1);
+ return 0;
+}
+early_param("percpu_alloc", percpu_alloc_setup);
+
static inline void setup_percpu_segment(int cpu)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
@@ -408,11 +427,6 @@
#endif
}
-/*
- * Great future plan:
- * Declare PDA itself and support (irqstack,tss,pgd) as per cpu data.
- * Always point %gs to its beginning
- */
void __init setup_per_cpu_areas(void)
{
size_t static_size = __per_cpu_end - __per_cpu_start;
@@ -429,9 +443,26 @@
* of large page mappings. Please read comments on top of
* each allocator for details.
*/
- ret = setup_pcpu_lpage(static_size);
- if (ret < 0)
- ret = setup_pcpu_embed(static_size);
+ ret = -EINVAL;
+ if (strlen(pcpu_chosen_alloc)) {
+ if (strcmp(pcpu_chosen_alloc, "4k")) {
+ if (!strcmp(pcpu_chosen_alloc, "lpage"))
+ ret = setup_pcpu_lpage(static_size, true);
+ else if (!strcmp(pcpu_chosen_alloc, "embed"))
+ ret = setup_pcpu_embed(static_size, true);
+ else
+ pr_warning("PERCPU: unknown allocator %s "
+ "specified\n", pcpu_chosen_alloc);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ pr_warning("PERCPU: %s allocator failed (%zd), "
+ "falling back to 4k\n",
+ pcpu_chosen_alloc, ret);
+ }
+ } else {
+ ret = setup_pcpu_lpage(static_size, false);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ ret = setup_pcpu_embed(static_size, false);
+ }
if (ret < 0)
ret = setup_pcpu_4k(static_size);
if (ret < 0)