kernel/resource.c

/*
 *	linux/kernel/resource.c
 *
 * Copyright (C) 1999	Linus Torvalds
 * Copyright (C) 1999	Martin Mares <mj@ucw.cz>
 *
 * Arbitrary resource management.
 */

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/ioport.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/pfn.h>
#include <asm/io.h>


struct resource ioport_resource = {
	.name	= "PCI IO",
	.start	= 0,
	.end	= IO_SPACE_LIMIT,
	.flags	= IORESOURCE_IO,
};
EXPORT_SYMBOL(ioport_resource);

struct resource iomem_resource = {
	.name	= "PCI mem",
	.start	= 0,
	.end	= -1,
	.flags	= IORESOURCE_MEM,
};
EXPORT_SYMBOL(iomem_resource);

static DEFINE_RWLOCK(resource_lock);

static void *r_next(struct seq_file *m, void *v, loff_t *pos)
{
	struct resource *p = v;
	(*pos)++;
	if (p->child)
		return p->child;
	while (!p->sibling && p->parent)
		p = p->parent;
	return p->sibling;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS

enum { MAX_IORES_LEVEL = 5 };

static void *r_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
	__acquires(resource_lock)
{
	struct resource *p = m->private;
	loff_t l = 0;
	read_lock(&resource_lock);
	for (p = p->child; p && l < *pos; p = r_next(m, p, &l))
		;
	return p;
}

static void r_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
	__releases(resource_lock)
{
	read_unlock(&resource_lock);
}

static int r_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
	struct resource *root = m->private;
	struct resource *r = v, *p;
	int width = root->end < 0x10000 ? 4 : 8;
	int depth;

	for (depth = 0, p = r; depth < MAX_IORES_LEVEL; depth++, p = p->parent)
		if (p->parent == root)
			break;
	seq_printf(m, "%*s%0*llx-%0*llx : %s\n",
			depth * 2, "",
			width, (unsigned long long) r->start,
			width, (unsigned long long) r->end,
			r->name ? r->name : "<BAD>");
	return 0;
}

static const struct seq_operations resource_op = {
	.start	= r_start,
	.next	= r_next,
	.stop	= r_stop,
	.show	= r_show,
};

static int ioports_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	int res = seq_open(file, &resource_op);
	if (!res) {
		struct seq_file *m = file->private_data;
		m->private = &ioport_resource;
	}
	return res;
}

static int iomem_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	int res = seq_open(file, &resource_op);
	if (!res) {
		struct seq_file *m = file->private_data;
		m->private = &iomem_resource;
	}
	return res;
}

static const struct file_operations proc_ioports_operations = {
	.open		= ioports_open,
	.read		= seq_read,
	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
	.release	= seq_release,
};

static const struct file_operations proc_iomem_operations = {
	.open		= iomem_open,
	.read		= seq_read,
	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
	.release	= seq_release,
};

static int __init ioresources_init(void)
{
	proc_create("ioports", 0, NULL, &proc_ioports_operations);
	proc_create("iomem", 0, NULL, &proc_iomem_operations);
	return 0;
}
__initcall(ioresources_init);

#endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */

/* Return the conflict entry if you can't request it */
static struct resource * __request_resource(struct resource *root, struct resource *new)
{
	resource_size_t start = new->start;
	resource_size_t end = new->end;
	struct resource *tmp, **p;

	if (end < start)
		return root;
	if (start < root->start)
		return root;
	if (end > root->end)
		return root;
	p = &root->child;
	for (;;) {
		tmp = *p;
		if (!tmp || tmp->start > end) {
			new->sibling = tmp;
			*p = new;
			new->parent = root;
			return NULL;
		}
		p = &tmp->sibling;
		if (tmp->end < start)
			continue;
		return tmp;
	}
}

static int __release_resource(struct resource *old)
{
	struct resource *tmp, **p;

	p = &old->parent->child;
	for (;;) {
		tmp = *p;
		if (!tmp)
			break;
		if (tmp == old) {
			*p = tmp->sibling;
			old->parent = NULL;
			return 0;
		}
		p = &tmp->sibling;
	}
	return -EINVAL;
}

/**
 * request_resource - request and reserve an I/O or memory resource
 * @root: root resource descriptor
 * @new: resource descriptor desired by caller
 *
 * Returns 0 for success, negative error code on error.
 */
int request_resource(struct resource *root, struct resource *new)
{
	struct resource *conflict;

	write_lock(&resource_lock);
	conflict = __request_resource(root, new);
	write_unlock(&resource_lock);
	return conflict ? -EBUSY : 0;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(request_resource);

/**
 * release_resource - release a previously reserved resource
 * @old: resource pointer
 */
int release_resource(struct resource *old)
{
	int retval;

	write_lock(&resource_lock);
	retval = __release_resource(old);
	write_unlock(&resource_lock);
	return retval;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(release_resource);

#if !defined(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_WALK_MEMORY)
/*
 * Finds the lowest memory reosurce exists within [res->start.res->end)
 * the caller must specify res->start, res->end, res->flags and "name".
 * If found, returns 0, res is overwritten, if not found, returns -1.
 */
static int find_next_system_ram(struct resource *res, char *name)
{
	resource_size_t start, end;
	struct resource *p;

	BUG_ON(!res);

	start = res->start;
	end = res->end;
	BUG_ON(start >= end);

	read_lock(&resource_lock);
	for (p = iomem_resource.child; p ; p = p->sibling) {
		/* system ram is just marked as IORESOURCE_MEM */
		if (p->flags != res->flags)
			continue;
		if (name && strcmp(p->name, name))
			continue;
		if (p->start > end) {
			p = NULL;
			break;
		}
		if ((p->end >= start) && (p->start < end))
			break;
	}
	read_unlock(&resource_lock);
	if (!p)
		return -1;
	/* copy data */
	if (res->start < p->start)
		res->start = p->start;
	if (res->end > p->end)
		res->end = p->end;
	return 0;
}

/*
 * This function calls callback against all memory range of "System RAM"
 * which are marked as IORESOURCE_MEM and IORESOUCE_BUSY.
 * Now, this function is only for "System RAM".
 */
int walk_system_ram_range(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long nr_pages,
		void *arg, int (*func)(unsigned long, unsigned long, void *))
{
	struct resource res;
	unsigned long pfn, len;
	u64 orig_end;
	int ret = -1;

	res.start = (u64) start_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
	res.end = ((u64)(start_pfn + nr_pages) << PAGE_SHIFT) - 1;
	res.flags = IORESOURCE_MEM | IORESOURCE_BUSY;
	orig_end = res.end;
	while ((res.start < res.end) &&
		(find_next_system_ram(&res, "System RAM") >= 0)) {
		pfn = (unsigned long)(res.start >> PAGE_SHIFT);
		len = (unsigned long)((res.end + 1 - res.start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
		ret = (*func)(pfn, len, arg);
		if (ret)
			break;
		res.start = res.end + 1;
		res.end = orig_end;
	}
	return ret;
}

#endif

/*
 * Find empty slot in the resource tree given range and alignment.
 */
static int find_resource(struct resource *root, struct resource *new,
			 resource_size_t size, resource_size_t min,
			 resource_size_t max, resource_size_t align,
			 void (*alignf)(void *, struct resource *,
					resource_size_t, resource_size_t),
			 void *alignf_data)
{
	struct resource *this = root->child;

	new->start = root->start;
	/*
	 * Skip past an allocated resource that starts at 0, since the assignment
	 * of this->start - 1 to new->end below would cause an underflow.
	 */
	if (this && this->start == 0) {
		new->start = this->end + 1;
		this = this->sibling;
	}
	for(;;) {
		if (this)
			new->end = this->start - 1;
		else
			new->end = root->end;
		if (new->start < min)
			new->start = min;
		if (new->end > max)
			new->end = max;
		new->start = ALIGN(new->start, align);
		if (alignf)
			alignf(alignf_data, new, size, align);
		if (new->start < new->end && new->end - new->start >= size - 1) {
			new->end = new->start + size - 1;
			return 0;
		}
		if (!this)
			break;
		new->start = this->end + 1;
		this = this->sibling;
	}
	return -EBUSY;
}

/**
 * allocate_resource - allocate empty slot in the resource tree given range & alignment
 * @root: root resource descriptor
 * @new: resource descriptor desired by caller
 * @size: requested resource region size
 * @min: minimum size to allocate
 * @max: maximum size to allocate
 * @align: alignment requested, in bytes
 * @alignf: alignment function, optional, called if not NULL
 * @alignf_data: arbitrary data to pass to the @alignf function
 */
int allocate_resource(struct resource *root, struct resource *new,
		      resource_size_t size, resource_size_t min,
		      resource_size_t max, resource_size_t align,
		      void (*alignf)(void *, struct resource *,
				     resource_size_t, resource_size_t),
		      void *alignf_data)
{
	int err;

	write_lock(&resource_lock);
	err = find_resource(root, new, size, min, max, align, alignf, alignf_data);
	if (err >= 0 && __request_resource(root, new))
		err = -EBUSY;
	write_unlock(&resource_lock);
	return err;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(allocate_resource);

/*
 * Insert a resource into the resource tree. If successful, return NULL,
 * otherwise return the conflicting resource (compare to __request_resource())
 */
static struct resource * __insert_resource(struct resource *parent, struct resource *new)
{
	struct resource *first, *next;

	for (;; parent = first) {
		first = __request_resource(parent, new);
		if (!first)
			return first;

		if (first == parent)
			return first;

		if ((first->start > new->start) || (first->end < new->end))
			break;
		if ((first->start == new->start) && (first->end == new->end))
			break;
	}

	for (next = first; ; next = next->sibling) {
		/* Partial overlap? Bad, and unfixable */
		if (next->start < new->start || next->end > new->end)
			return next;
		if (!next->sibling)
			break;
		if (next->sibling->start > new->end)
			break;
	}

	new->parent = parent;
	new->sibling = next->sibling;
	new->child = first;

	next->sibling = NULL;
	for (next = first; next; next = next->sibling)
		next->parent = new;

	if (parent->child == first) {
		parent->child = new;
	} else {
		next = parent->child;
		while (next->sibling != first)
			next = next->sibling;
		next->sibling = new;
	}
	return NULL;
}

/**
 * insert_resource - Inserts a resource in the resource tree
 * @parent: parent of the new resource
 * @new: new resource to insert
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, -EBUSY if the resource can't be inserted.
 *
 * This function is equivalent to request_resource when no conflict
 * happens. If a conflict happens, and the conflicting resources
 * entirely fit within the range of the new resource, then the new
 * resource is inserted and the conflicting resources become children of
 * the new resource.
 */
int insert_resource(struct resource *parent, struct resource *new)
{
	struct resource *conflict;

	write_lock(&resource_lock);
	conflict = __insert_resource(parent, new);
	write_unlock(&resource_lock);
	return conflict ? -EBUSY : 0;
}

/**
 * insert_resource_expand_to_fit - Insert a resource into the resource tree
 * @root: root resource descriptor
 * @new: new resource to insert
 *
 * Insert a resource into the resource tree, possibly expanding it in order
 * to make it encompass any conflicting resources.
 */
void insert_resource_expand_to_fit(struct resource *root, struct resource *new)
{
	if (new->parent)
		return;

	write_lock(&resource_lock);
	for (;;) {
		struct resource *conflict;

		conflict = __insert_resource(root, new);
		if (!conflict)
			break;
		if (conflict == root)
			break;

		/* Ok, expand resource to cover the conflict, then try again .. */
		if (conflict->start < new->start)
			new->start = conflict->start;
		if (conflict->end > new->end)
			new->end = conflict->end;

		printk("Expanded resource %s due to conflict with %s\n", new->name, conflict->name);
	}
	write_unlock(&resource_lock);
}

/**
 * adjust_resource - modify a resource's start and size
 * @res: resource to modify
 * @start: new start value
 * @size: new size
 *
 * Given an existing resource, change its start and size to match the
 * arguments.  Returns 0 on success, -EBUSY if it can't fit.
 * Existing children of the resource are assumed to be immutable.
 */
int adjust_resource(struct resource *res, resource_size_t start, resource_size_t size)
{
	struct resource *tmp, *parent = res->parent;
	resource_size_t end = start + size - 1;
	int result = -EBUSY;

	write_lock(&resource_lock);

	if ((start < parent->start) || (end > parent->end))
		goto out;

	for (tmp = res->child; tmp; tmp = tmp->sibling) {
		if ((tmp->start < start) || (tmp->end > end))
			goto out;
	}

	if (res->sibling && (res->sibling->start <= end))
		goto out;

	tmp = parent->child;
	if (tmp != res) {
		while (tmp->sibling != res)
			tmp = tmp->sibling;
		if (start <= tmp->end)
			goto out;
	}

	res->start = start;
	res->end = end;
	result = 0;

 out:
	write_unlock(&resource_lock);
	return result;
}

static void __init __reserve_region_with_split(struct resource *root,
		resource_size_t start, resource_size_t end,
		const char *name)
{
	struct resource *parent = root;
	struct resource *conflict;
	struct resource *res = kzalloc(sizeof(*res), GFP_ATOMIC);

	if (!res)
		return;

	res->name = name;
	res->start = start;
	res->end = end;
	res->flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY;

	conflict = __request_resource(parent, res);
	if (!conflict)
		return;

	/* failed, split and try again */
	kfree(res);

	/* conflict covered whole area */
	if (conflict->start <= start && conflict->end >= end)
		return;

	if (conflict->start > start)
		__reserve_region_with_split(root, start, conflict->start-1, name);
	if (conflict->end < end)
		__reserve_region_with_split(root, conflict->end+1, end, name);
}

void __init reserve_region_with_split(struct resource *root,
		resource_size_t start, resource_size_t end,
		const char *name)
{
	write_lock(&resource_lock);
	__reserve_region_with_split(root, start, end, name);
	write_unlock(&resource_lock);
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(adjust_resource);

/**
 * resource_alignment - calculate resource's alignment
 * @res: resource pointer
 *
 * Returns alignment on success, 0 (invalid alignment) on failure.
 */
resource_size_t resource_alignment(struct resource *res)
{
	switch (res->flags & (IORESOURCE_SIZEALIGN | IORESOURCE_STARTALIGN)) {
	case IORESOURCE_SIZEALIGN:
		return resource_size(res);
	case IORESOURCE_STARTALIGN:
		return res->start;
	default:
		return 0;
	}
}

/*
 * This is compatibility stuff for IO resources.
 *
 * Note how this, unlike the above, knows about
 * the IO flag meanings (busy etc).
 *
 * request_region creates a new busy region.
 *
 * check_region returns non-zero if the area is already busy.
 *
 * release_region releases a matching busy region.
 */

/**
 * __request_region - create a new busy resource region
 * @parent: parent resource descriptor
 * @start: resource start address
 * @n: resource region size
 * @name: reserving caller's ID string
 * @flags: IO resource flags
 */
struct resource * __request_region(struct resource *parent,
				   resource_size_t start, resource_size_t n,
				   const char *name, int flags)
{
	struct resource *res = kzalloc(sizeof(*res), GFP_KERNEL);

	if (!res)
		return NULL;

	res->name = name;
	res->start = start;
	res->end = start + n - 1;
	res->flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY;
	res->flags |= flags;

	write_lock(&resource_lock);

	for (;;) {
		struct resource *conflict;

		conflict = __request_resource(parent, res);
		if (!conflict)
			break;
		if (conflict != parent) {
			parent = conflict;
			if (!(conflict->flags & IORESOURCE_BUSY))
				continue;
		}

		/* Uhhuh, that didn't work out.. */
		kfree(res);
		res = NULL;
		break;
	}
	write_unlock(&resource_lock);
	return res;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__request_region);

/**
 * __check_region - check if a resource region is busy or free
 * @parent: parent resource descriptor
 * @start: resource start address
 * @n: resource region size
 *
 * Returns 0 if the region is free at the moment it is checked,
 * returns %-EBUSY if the region is busy.
 *
 * NOTE:
 * This function is deprecated because its use is racy.
 * Even if it returns 0, a subsequent call to request_region()
 * may fail because another driver etc. just allocated the region.
 * Do NOT use it.  It will be removed from the kernel.
 */
int __check_region(struct resource *parent, resource_size_t start,
			resource_size_t n)
{
	struct resource * res;

	res = __request_region(parent, start, n, "check-region", 0);
	if (!res)
		return -EBUSY;

	release_resource(res);
	kfree(res);
	return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__check_region);

/**
 * __release_region - release a previously reserved resource region
 * @parent: parent resource descriptor
 * @start: resource start address
 * @n: resource region size
 *
 * The described resource region must match a currently busy region.
 */
void __release_region(struct resource *parent, resource_size_t start,
			resource_size_t n)
{
	struct resource **p;
	resource_size_t end;

	p = &parent->child;
	end = start + n - 1;

	write_lock(&resource_lock);

	for (;;) {
		struct resource *res = *p;

		if (!res)
			break;
		if (res->start <= start && res->end >= end) {
			if (!(res->flags & IORESOURCE_BUSY)) {
				p = &res->child;
				continue;
			}
			if (res->start != start || res->end != end)
				break;
			*p = res->sibling;
			write_unlock(&resource_lock);
			kfree(res);
			return;
		}
		p = &res->sibling;
	}

	write_unlock(&resource_lock);

	printk(KERN_WARNING "Trying to free nonexistent resource "
		"<%016llx-%016llx>\n", (unsigned long long)start,
		(unsigned long long)end);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__release_region);

/*
 * Managed region resource
 */
struct region_devres {
	struct resource *parent;
	resource_size_t start;
	resource_size_t n;
};

static void devm_region_release(struct device *dev, void *res)
{
	struct region_devres *this = res;

	__release_region(this->parent, this->start, this->n);
}

static int devm_region_match(struct device *dev, void *res, void *match_data)
{
	struct region_devres *this = res, *match = match_data;

	return this->parent == match->parent &&
		this->start == match->start && this->n == match->n;
}

struct resource * __devm_request_region(struct device *dev,
				struct resource *parent, resource_size_t start,
				resource_size_t n, const char *name)
{
	struct region_devres *dr = NULL;
	struct resource *res;

	dr = devres_alloc(devm_region_release, sizeof(struct region_devres),
			  GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!dr)
		return NULL;

	dr->parent = parent;
	dr->start = start;
	dr->n = n;

	res = __request_region(parent, start, n, name, 0);
	if (res)
		devres_add(dev, dr);
	else
		devres_free(dr);

	return res;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__devm_request_region);

void __devm_release_region(struct device *dev, struct resource *parent,
			   resource_size_t start, resource_size_t n)
{
	struct region_devres match_data = { parent, start, n };

	__release_region(parent, start, n);
	WARN_ON(devres_destroy(dev, devm_region_release, devm_region_match,
			       &match_data));
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__devm_release_region);

/*
 * Called from init/main.c to reserve IO ports.
 */
#define MAXRESERVE 4
static int __init reserve_setup(char *str)
{
	static int reserved;
	static struct resource reserve[MAXRESERVE];

	for (;;) {
		unsigned int io_start, io_num;
		int x = reserved;

		if (get_option (&str, &io_start) != 2)
			break;
		if (get_option (&str, &io_num)   == 0)
			break;
		if (x < MAXRESERVE) {
			struct resource *res = reserve + x;
			res->name = "reserved";
			res->start = io_start;
			res->end = io_start + io_num - 1;
			res->flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY;
			res->child = NULL;
			if (request_resource(res->start >= 0x10000 ? &iomem_resource : &ioport_resource, res) == 0)
				reserved = x+1;
		}
	}
	return 1;
}

__setup("reserve=", reserve_setup);

/*
 * Check if the requested addr and size spans more than any slot in the
 * iomem resource tree.
 */
int iomem_map_sanity_check(resource_size_t addr, unsigned long size)
{
	struct resource *p = &iomem_resource;
	int err = 0;
	loff_t l;

	read_lock(&resource_lock);
	for (p = p->child; p ; p = r_next(NULL, p, &l)) {
		/*
		 * We can probably skip the resources without
		 * IORESOURCE_IO attribute?
		 */
		if (p->start >= addr + size)
			continue;
		if (p->end < addr)
			continue;
		if (PFN_DOWN(p->start) <= PFN_DOWN(addr) &&
		    PFN_DOWN(p->end) >= PFN_DOWN(addr + size - 1))
			continue;
		/*
		 * if a resource is "BUSY", it's not a hardware resource
		 * but a driver mapping of such a resource; we don't want
		 * to warn for those; some drivers legitimately map only
		 * partial hardware resources. (example: vesafb)
		 */
		if (p->flags & IORESOURCE_BUSY)
			continue;

		printk(KERN_WARNING "resource map sanity check conflict: "
		       "0x%llx 0x%llx 0x%llx 0x%llx %s\n",
		       (unsigned long long)addr,
		       (unsigned long long)(addr + size - 1),
		       (unsigned long long)p->start,
		       (unsigned long long)p->end,
		       p->name);
		err = -1;
		break;
	}
	read_unlock(&resource_lock);

	return err;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_STRICT_DEVMEM
static int strict_iomem_checks = 1;
#else
static int strict_iomem_checks;
#endif

/*
 * check if an address is reserved in the iomem resource tree
 * returns 1 if reserved, 0 if not reserved.
 */
int iomem_is_exclusive(u64 addr)
{
	struct resource *p = &iomem_resource;
	int err = 0;
	loff_t l;
	int size = PAGE_SIZE;

	if (!strict_iomem_checks)
		return 0;

	addr = addr & PAGE_MASK;

	read_lock(&resource_lock);
	for (p = p->child; p ; p = r_next(NULL, p, &l)) {
		/*
		 * We can probably skip the resources without
		 * IORESOURCE_IO attribute?
		 */
		if (p->start >= addr + size)
			break;
		if (p->end < addr)
			continue;
		if (p->flags & IORESOURCE_BUSY &&
		     p->flags & IORESOURCE_EXCLUSIVE) {
			err = 1;
			break;
		}
	}
	read_unlock(&resource_lock);

	return err;
}

static int __init strict_iomem(char *str)
{
	if (strstr(str, "relaxed"))
		strict_iomem_checks = 0;
	if (strstr(str, "strict"))
		strict_iomem_checks = 1;
	return 1;
}

__setup("iomem=", strict_iomem);