kernel/time/ntp.c

/*
 * linux/kernel/time/ntp.c
 *
 * NTP state machine interfaces and logic.
 *
 * This code was mainly moved from kernel/timer.c and kernel/time.c
 * Please see those files for relevant copyright info and historical
 * changelogs.
 */

#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/time.h>
#include <linux/timex.h>

#include <asm/div64.h>
#include <asm/timex.h>

/*
 * Timekeeping variables
 */
unsigned long tick_usec = TICK_USEC; 		/* USER_HZ period (usec) */
unsigned long tick_nsec;			/* ACTHZ period (nsec) */
static u64 tick_length, tick_length_base;

/* Don't completely fail for HZ > 500.  */
int tickadj = 500/HZ ? : 1;		/* microsecs */

/*
 * phase-lock loop variables
 */
/* TIME_ERROR prevents overwriting the CMOS clock */
int time_state = TIME_OK;		/* clock synchronization status	*/
int time_status = STA_UNSYNC;		/* clock status bits		*/
long time_offset;			/* time adjustment (us)		*/
long time_constant = 2;			/* pll time constant		*/
long time_tolerance = MAXFREQ;		/* frequency tolerance (ppm)	*/
long time_precision = 1;		/* clock precision (us)		*/
long time_maxerror = NTP_PHASE_LIMIT;	/* maximum error (us)		*/
long time_esterror = NTP_PHASE_LIMIT;	/* estimated error (us)		*/
long time_freq = (((NSEC_PER_SEC + HZ/2) % HZ - HZ/2) << SHIFT_USEC) / NSEC_PER_USEC;
					/* frequency offset (scaled ppm)*/
static long time_adj;			/* tick adjust (scaled 1 / HZ)	*/
long time_reftime;			/* time at last adjustment (s)	*/
long time_adjust;
long time_next_adjust;

/**
 * ntp_clear - Clears the NTP state variables
 *
 * Must be called while holding a write on the xtime_lock
 */
void ntp_clear(void)
{
	time_adjust = 0;		/* stop active adjtime() */
	time_status |= STA_UNSYNC;
	time_maxerror = NTP_PHASE_LIMIT;
	time_esterror = NTP_PHASE_LIMIT;

	ntp_update_frequency();

	tick_length = tick_length_base;
}

#define CLOCK_TICK_OVERFLOW	(LATCH * HZ - CLOCK_TICK_RATE)
#define CLOCK_TICK_ADJUST	(((s64)CLOCK_TICK_OVERFLOW * NSEC_PER_SEC) / (s64)CLOCK_TICK_RATE)

void ntp_update_frequency(void)
{
	tick_length_base = (u64)(tick_usec * NSEC_PER_USEC * USER_HZ) << TICK_LENGTH_SHIFT;
	tick_length_base += (s64)CLOCK_TICK_ADJUST << TICK_LENGTH_SHIFT;

	do_div(tick_length_base, HZ);

	tick_nsec = tick_length_base >> TICK_LENGTH_SHIFT;
}

/*
 * this routine handles the overflow of the microsecond field
 *
 * The tricky bits of code to handle the accurate clock support
 * were provided by Dave Mills (Mills@UDEL.EDU) of NTP fame.
 * They were originally developed for SUN and DEC kernels.
 * All the kudos should go to Dave for this stuff.
 */
void second_overflow(void)
{
	long ltemp;

	/* Bump the maxerror field */
	time_maxerror += time_tolerance >> SHIFT_USEC;
	if (time_maxerror > NTP_PHASE_LIMIT) {
		time_maxerror = NTP_PHASE_LIMIT;
		time_status |= STA_UNSYNC;
	}

	/*
	 * Leap second processing. If in leap-insert state at the end of the
	 * day, the system clock is set back one second; if in leap-delete
	 * state, the system clock is set ahead one second. The microtime()
	 * routine or external clock driver will insure that reported time is
	 * always monotonic. The ugly divides should be replaced.
	 */
	switch (time_state) {
	case TIME_OK:
		if (time_status & STA_INS)
			time_state = TIME_INS;
		else if (time_status & STA_DEL)
			time_state = TIME_DEL;
		break;
	case TIME_INS:
		if (xtime.tv_sec % 86400 == 0) {
			xtime.tv_sec--;
			wall_to_monotonic.tv_sec++;
			/*
			 * The timer interpolator will make time change
			 * gradually instead of an immediate jump by one second
			 */
			time_interpolator_update(-NSEC_PER_SEC);
			time_state = TIME_OOP;
			clock_was_set();
			printk(KERN_NOTICE "Clock: inserting leap second "
					"23:59:60 UTC\n");
		}
		break;
	case TIME_DEL:
		if ((xtime.tv_sec + 1) % 86400 == 0) {
			xtime.tv_sec++;
			wall_to_monotonic.tv_sec--;
			/*
			 * Use of time interpolator for a gradual change of
			 * time
			 */
			time_interpolator_update(NSEC_PER_SEC);
			time_state = TIME_WAIT;
			clock_was_set();
			printk(KERN_NOTICE "Clock: deleting leap second "
					"23:59:59 UTC\n");
		}
		break;
	case TIME_OOP:
		time_state = TIME_WAIT;
		break;
	case TIME_WAIT:
		if (!(time_status & (STA_INS | STA_DEL)))
		time_state = TIME_OK;
	}

	/*
	 * Compute the phase adjustment for the next second. In PLL mode, the
	 * offset is reduced by a fixed factor times the time constant. In FLL
	 * mode the offset is used directly. In either mode, the maximum phase
	 * adjustment for each second is clamped so as to spread the adjustment
	 * over not more than the number of seconds between updates.
	 */
	ltemp = time_offset;
	if (!(time_status & STA_FLL))
		ltemp = shift_right(ltemp, SHIFT_KG + time_constant);
	ltemp = min(ltemp, (MAXPHASE / MINSEC) << SHIFT_UPDATE);
	ltemp = max(ltemp, -(MAXPHASE / MINSEC) << SHIFT_UPDATE);
	time_offset -= ltemp;
	time_adj = ltemp << (SHIFT_SCALE - SHIFT_HZ - SHIFT_UPDATE);

	/*
	 * Compute the frequency estimate and additional phase adjustment due
	 * to frequency error for the next second.
	 */
	ltemp = time_freq;
	time_adj += shift_right(ltemp,(SHIFT_USEC + SHIFT_HZ - SHIFT_SCALE));

#if HZ == 100
	/*
	 * Compensate for (HZ==100) != (1 << SHIFT_HZ).  Add 25% and 3.125% to
	 * get 128.125; => only 0.125% error (p. 14)
	 */
	time_adj += shift_right(time_adj, 2) + shift_right(time_adj, 5);
#endif
#if HZ == 250
	/*
	 * Compensate for (HZ==250) != (1 << SHIFT_HZ).  Add 1.5625% and
	 * 0.78125% to get 255.85938; => only 0.05% error (p. 14)
	 */
	time_adj += shift_right(time_adj, 6) + shift_right(time_adj, 7);
#endif
#if HZ == 1000
	/*
	 * Compensate for (HZ==1000) != (1 << SHIFT_HZ).  Add 1.5625% and
	 * 0.78125% to get 1023.4375; => only 0.05% error (p. 14)
	 */
	time_adj += shift_right(time_adj, 6) + shift_right(time_adj, 7);
#endif
	tick_length = tick_length_base;
}

/*
 * Returns how many microseconds we need to add to xtime this tick
 * in doing an adjustment requested with adjtime.
 */
static long adjtime_adjustment(void)
{
	long time_adjust_step;

	time_adjust_step = time_adjust;
	if (time_adjust_step) {
		/*
		 * We are doing an adjtime thing.  Prepare time_adjust_step to
		 * be within bounds.  Note that a positive time_adjust means we
		 * want the clock to run faster.
		 *
		 * Limit the amount of the step to be in the range
		 * -tickadj .. +tickadj
		 */
		time_adjust_step = min(time_adjust_step, (long)tickadj);
		time_adjust_step = max(time_adjust_step, (long)-tickadj);
	}
	return time_adjust_step;
}

/* in the NTP reference this is called "hardclock()" */
void update_ntp_one_tick(void)
{
	long time_adjust_step;

	time_adjust_step = adjtime_adjustment();
	if (time_adjust_step)
		/* Reduce by this step the amount of time left  */
		time_adjust -= time_adjust_step;

	/* Changes by adjtime() do not take effect till next tick. */
	if (time_next_adjust != 0) {
		time_adjust = time_next_adjust;
		time_next_adjust = 0;
	}
}

/*
 * Return how long ticks are at the moment, that is, how much time
 * update_wall_time_one_tick will add to xtime next time we call it
 * (assuming no calls to do_adjtimex in the meantime).
 * The return value is in fixed-point nanoseconds shifted by the
 * specified number of bits to the right of the binary point.
 * This function has no side-effects.
 */
u64 current_tick_length(void)
{
	u64 ret;

	/* calculate the finest interval NTP will allow.
	 *    ie: nanosecond value shifted by (SHIFT_SCALE - 10)
	 */
	ret = tick_length;
	ret += (u64)(adjtime_adjustment() * 1000) << TICK_LENGTH_SHIFT;
	ret += (s64)time_adj << (TICK_LENGTH_SHIFT - (SHIFT_SCALE - 10));

	return ret;
}


void __attribute__ ((weak)) notify_arch_cmos_timer(void)
{
	return;
}

/* adjtimex mainly allows reading (and writing, if superuser) of
 * kernel time-keeping variables. used by xntpd.
 */
int do_adjtimex(struct timex *txc)
{
	long ltemp, mtemp, save_adjust;
	int result;

	/* In order to modify anything, you gotta be super-user! */
	if (txc->modes && !capable(CAP_SYS_TIME))
		return -EPERM;

	/* Now we validate the data before disabling interrupts */

	if ((txc->modes & ADJ_OFFSET_SINGLESHOT) == ADJ_OFFSET_SINGLESHOT)
	  /* singleshot must not be used with any other mode bits */
		if (txc->modes != ADJ_OFFSET_SINGLESHOT)
			return -EINVAL;

	if (txc->modes != ADJ_OFFSET_SINGLESHOT && (txc->modes & ADJ_OFFSET))
	  /* adjustment Offset limited to +- .512 seconds */
		if (txc->offset <= - MAXPHASE || txc->offset >= MAXPHASE )
			return -EINVAL;

	/* if the quartz is off by more than 10% something is VERY wrong ! */
	if (txc->modes & ADJ_TICK)
		if (txc->tick <  900000/USER_HZ ||
		    txc->tick > 1100000/USER_HZ)
			return -EINVAL;

	write_seqlock_irq(&xtime_lock);
	result = time_state;	/* mostly `TIME_OK' */

	/* Save for later - semantics of adjtime is to return old value */
	save_adjust = time_next_adjust ? time_next_adjust : time_adjust;

#if 0	/* STA_CLOCKERR is never set yet */
	time_status &= ~STA_CLOCKERR;		/* reset STA_CLOCKERR */
#endif
	/* If there are input parameters, then process them */
	if (txc->modes)
	{
	    if (txc->modes & ADJ_STATUS)	/* only set allowed bits */
		time_status =  (txc->status & ~STA_RONLY) |
			      (time_status & STA_RONLY);

	    if (txc->modes & ADJ_FREQUENCY) {	/* p. 22 */
		if (txc->freq > MAXFREQ || txc->freq < -MAXFREQ) {
		    result = -EINVAL;
		    goto leave;
		}
		time_freq = txc->freq;
	    }

	    if (txc->modes & ADJ_MAXERROR) {
		if (txc->maxerror < 0 || txc->maxerror >= NTP_PHASE_LIMIT) {
		    result = -EINVAL;
		    goto leave;
		}
		time_maxerror = txc->maxerror;
	    }

	    if (txc->modes & ADJ_ESTERROR) {
		if (txc->esterror < 0 || txc->esterror >= NTP_PHASE_LIMIT) {
		    result = -EINVAL;
		    goto leave;
		}
		time_esterror = txc->esterror;
	    }

	    if (txc->modes & ADJ_TIMECONST) {	/* p. 24 */
		if (txc->constant < 0) {	/* NTP v4 uses values > 6 */
		    result = -EINVAL;
		    goto leave;
		}
		time_constant = txc->constant;
	    }

	    if (txc->modes & ADJ_OFFSET) {	/* values checked earlier */
		if (txc->modes == ADJ_OFFSET_SINGLESHOT) {
		    /* adjtime() is independent from ntp_adjtime() */
		    if ((time_next_adjust = txc->offset) == 0)
			 time_adjust = 0;
		}
		else if (time_status & STA_PLL) {
		    ltemp = txc->offset;

		    /*
		     * Scale the phase adjustment and
		     * clamp to the operating range.
		     */
		    if (ltemp > MAXPHASE)
		        time_offset = MAXPHASE << SHIFT_UPDATE;
		    else if (ltemp < -MAXPHASE)
			time_offset = -(MAXPHASE << SHIFT_UPDATE);
		    else
		        time_offset = ltemp << SHIFT_UPDATE;

		    /*
		     * Select whether the frequency is to be controlled
		     * and in which mode (PLL or FLL). Clamp to the operating
		     * range. Ugly multiply/divide should be replaced someday.
		     */

		    if (time_status & STA_FREQHOLD || time_reftime == 0)
		        time_reftime = xtime.tv_sec;
		    mtemp = xtime.tv_sec - time_reftime;
		    time_reftime = xtime.tv_sec;
		    if (time_status & STA_FLL) {
		        if (mtemp >= MINSEC) {
			    ltemp = (time_offset / mtemp) << (SHIFT_USEC -
							      SHIFT_UPDATE);
			    time_freq += shift_right(ltemp, SHIFT_KH);
			} else /* calibration interval too short (p. 12) */
				result = TIME_ERROR;
		    } else {	/* PLL mode */
		        if (mtemp < MAXSEC) {
			    ltemp *= mtemp;
			    time_freq += shift_right(ltemp,(time_constant +
						       time_constant +
						       SHIFT_KF - SHIFT_USEC));
			} else /* calibration interval too long (p. 12) */
				result = TIME_ERROR;
		    }
		    time_freq = min(time_freq, time_tolerance);
		    time_freq = max(time_freq, -time_tolerance);
		} /* STA_PLL */
	    } /* txc->modes & ADJ_OFFSET */
	    if (txc->modes & ADJ_TICK)
		tick_usec = txc->tick;

	    if (txc->modes & ADJ_TICK)
		    ntp_update_frequency();
	} /* txc->modes */
leave:	if ((time_status & (STA_UNSYNC|STA_CLOCKERR)) != 0)
		result = TIME_ERROR;

	if ((txc->modes & ADJ_OFFSET_SINGLESHOT) == ADJ_OFFSET_SINGLESHOT)
	    txc->offset	   = save_adjust;
	else {
	    txc->offset = shift_right(time_offset, SHIFT_UPDATE);
	}
	txc->freq	   = time_freq;
	txc->maxerror	   = time_maxerror;
	txc->esterror	   = time_esterror;
	txc->status	   = time_status;
	txc->constant	   = time_constant;
	txc->precision	   = time_precision;
	txc->tolerance	   = time_tolerance;
	txc->tick	   = tick_usec;

	/* PPS is not implemented, so these are zero */
	txc->ppsfreq	   = 0;
	txc->jitter	   = 0;
	txc->shift	   = 0;
	txc->stabil	   = 0;
	txc->jitcnt	   = 0;
	txc->calcnt	   = 0;
	txc->errcnt	   = 0;
	txc->stbcnt	   = 0;
	write_sequnlock_irq(&xtime_lock);
	do_gettimeofday(&txc->time);
	notify_arch_cmos_timer();
	return(result);
}