)]}'
{
  "log": [
    {
      "commit": "12b1c5f382194d3f656e78fb5c9c8f2bfbe8ed8a",
      "tree": "052ec39f86482f4623531b247131aed93b6fb345",
      "parents": [
        "165cd40235732644b1856a5ed5e158c9b93f6010"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Andy Whitcroft",
        "email": "apw@shadowen.org",
        "time": "Wed Jul 27 11:44:02 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Wed Jul 27 16:25:54 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] Remove bogus warning in page_alloc.c\n\nOriginally __free_pages_bulk used the relative page number within a zone to\ndefine its buddies.  This meant that to maintain the \"maximally aligned\"\nrequirements (that an allocation of size N will be aligned at least to N\nphysically) zones had to also be aligned to 1\u003c\u003cMAX_ORDER pages.  When\n__free_pages_bulk was updated to use the relative page frame numbers of the\nfree\u0027d pages to pair buddies this released the alignment constraint on the\n\u0027left\u0027 edge of the zone.  This allows _either_ edge of the zone to contain\npartial MAX_ORDER sized buddies.  These simply never will have matching\nbuddies and thus will never make it to the \u0027top\u0027 of the pyramid.\n\nThe patch below removes a now redundant check ensuring that the mem_map was\naligned to MAX_ORDER.\n\nSigned-off-by: Andy Whitcroft \u003capw@shadowen.org\u003e\nCc: Christoph Lameter \u003cchristoph@lameter.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "37b173a4d03d1681e6c9529bc43d7a3308132db6",
      "tree": "478802dfe5afee12589d4d5533f8312a923c4ec2",
      "parents": [
        "79b9ce311e192e9a31fd9f3cf1ee4a4edf9e2650"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Marcelo Tosatti",
        "email": "marcelo.tosatti@cyclades.com",
        "time": "Thu Jul 07 17:56:05 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Jul 07 18:23:35 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] remove completly bogus comment inside __alloc_pages() try_to_free_pages handling\n\nRemove completly bogus comment from did_some_progress !\u003d 0 handling (that\nsame comment is a few lines below on did_some_progress \u003d 0 case, where it\nbelongs).\n\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "79b9ce311e192e9a31fd9f3cf1ee4a4edf9e2650",
      "tree": "210896405b2b70aded7582750e20967df8c8e7bf",
      "parents": [
        "cb2c0233755429037462e16ea0d5497a0092738c"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Marcelo Tosatti",
        "email": "marcelo.tosatti@cyclades.com",
        "time": "Thu Jul 07 17:56:04 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Jul 07 18:23:35 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] print order information when OOM killing\n\nDump the current allocation order when OOM killing.\n\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "3212c6be251219c0f4c2df0c93e122ff5be0d9dc",
      "tree": "8105201ba37d55beeb4a042d4691661ba400d098",
      "parents": [
        "9c4142a133f7efee08238722b157656c3da7ca97"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Bob Picco",
        "email": "bob.picco@hp.com",
        "time": "Mon Jun 27 14:36:28 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Mon Jun 27 15:11:42 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] fix WANT_PAGE_VIRTUAL in memmap_init\n\nI spotted this issue while in memmap_init last week.  I can\u0027t say the\nchange has any test coverage by me.  start_pfn was formerly used in main\n\"for\" loop.  The fix is replace start_pfn with pfn.\n\nSigned-off-by: Bob Picco \u003cbob.picco@hp.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "29751f6991e845f7d002a6ae520bf996b38c8dcd",
      "tree": "f76c4c660ac4d204436f68851979343d2a9ba224",
      "parents": [
        "641c767389b19859a45e6de46d8e18cd935bdb60"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Andy Whitcroft",
        "email": "apw@shadowen.org",
        "time": "Thu Jun 23 00:08:00 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Jun 23 09:45:05 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sparsemem hotplug base\n\nMake sparse\u0027s initalization be accessible at runtime.  This allows sparse\nmappings to be created after boot in a hotplug situation.\n\nThis patch is separated from the previous one just to give an indication how\nmuch of the sparse infrastructure is *just* for hotplug memory.\n\nThe section_mem_map doesn\u0027t really store a pointer.  It stores something that\nis convenient to do some math against to get a pointer.  It isn\u0027t valid to\njust do *section_mem_map, so I don\u0027t think it should be stored as a pointer.\n\nThere are a couple of things I\u0027d like to store about a section.  First of all,\nthe fact that it is !NULL does not mean that it is present.  There could be\nsuch a combination where section_mem_map *is* NULL, but the math gets you\nproperly to a real mem_map.  So, I don\u0027t think that check is safe.\n\nSince we\u0027re storing 32-bit-aligned structures, we have a few bits in the\nbottom of the pointer to play with.  Use one bit to encode whether there\u0027s\nreally a mem_map there, and the other one to tell whether there\u0027s a valid\nsection there.  We need to distinguish between the two because sometimes\nthere\u0027s a gap between when a section is discovered to be present and when we\ncan get the mem_map for it.\n\nSigned-off-by: Dave Hansen \u003chaveblue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andy Whitcroft \u003capw@shadowen.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Jack Steiner \u003csteiner@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Bob Picco \u003cbob.picco@hp.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "641c767389b19859a45e6de46d8e18cd935bdb60",
      "tree": "b3ac95aaea213823c226b181b8a301e4ae95bd9d",
      "parents": [
        "05b79bdcb48c18cd9b580c39e3efb9a1ab078151"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Andy Whitcroft",
        "email": "apw@shadowen.org",
        "time": "Thu Jun 23 00:07:59 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Jun 23 09:45:05 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sparsemem swiss cheese numa layouts\n\nThe part of the sparsemem patch which modifies memmap_init_zone() has recently\nbecome a problem.  It changes behavior so that there is a call to\npfn_to_page() for each individual page inside of a node\u0027s range:\nnode_start_pfn through node_end_pfn.  It used to simply do this once, at the\nbeginning of the node, but having sparsemem\u0027s non-contiguous mem_map[]s inside\nof a node made it necessary to change.\n\nMike Kravetz recently wrote a patch which made the NUMA code accept some new\nkinds of layouts.  The system\u0027s memory was laid out like this, with node 0\u0027s\nmemory in two pieces: one before and one after node 1\u0027s memory:\n\n\tNode 0: +++++     +++++\n\tNode 1:      +++++\n\nPrevious behavior before Mike\u0027s patch was to assign nodes like this:\n\n\tNode 0: 00000     XXXXX\n\tNode 1:      11111\n\nWhere the \u0027X\u0027 areas were simply thrown away.  The new behavior was to make the\npg_data_t span node 0 across all of its areas, including areas that are really\nnode 1\u0027s: Node 0: 000000000000000 Node 1: 11111\n\nThis wastes a little bit of mem_map space, but ends up being OK, and more\nfully utilizes the system\u0027s memory.  memmap_init_zone() initializes all of the\n\"struct page\"s for node 0, even for the \"hole\", but those never get used,\nbecause there is no pfn_to_page() that resolves to those pages.  However, only\ncalling pfn_to_page() once, memmap_init_zone() always uses the pages that were\nallocated for node0-\u003enode_mem_map because:\n\n\tstruct page *start \u003d pfn_to_page(start_pfn);\n\t// effectively start \u003d \u0026node-\u003enode_mem_map[0]\n\tfor (page \u003d start; page \u003c (start + size); page++) {\n\t\tinit_page_here();...\n\t\tpage++;\n\t}\n\nSlow, and wasteful, but generally harmless.\n\nBut, modify that to call pfn_to_page() for each loop iteration (like sparsemem\ndoes):\n\n\tfor (pfn \u003d start_pfn; pfn \u003c \u003c (start_pfn + size); pfn++++) {\n\t\tpage \u003d pfn_to_page(pfn);\n\t}\n\nAnd you end up trying to initialize node 1\u0027s pages too early, along with bogus\ndata from node 0.  This patch checks for those weird layouts and declines to\ntouch the pages, making the more frequent pfn_to_page() calls OK to do.\n\nSigned-off-by: Dave Hansen \u003chaveblue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andy Whitcroft \u003capw@shadowen.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "d41dee369bff3b9dcb6328d4d822926c28cc2594",
      "tree": "a0405f3b7af3ebca21838a7d427bd75a067bf850",
      "parents": [
        "af705362ab6018071310c5fcd436a6b457517d5f"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Andy Whitcroft",
        "email": "apw@shadowen.org",
        "time": "Thu Jun 23 00:07:54 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Jun 23 09:45:04 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sparsemem memory model\n\nSparsemem abstracts the use of discontiguous mem_maps[].  This kind of\nmem_map[] is needed by discontiguous memory machines (like in the old\nCONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM case) as well as memory hotplug systems.  Sparsemem\nreplaces DISCONTIGMEM when enabled, and it is hoped that it can eventually\nbecome a complete replacement.\n\nA significant advantage over DISCONTIGMEM is that it\u0027s completely separated\nfrom CONFIG_NUMA.  When producing this patch, it became apparent in that NUMA\nand DISCONTIG are often confused.\n\nAnother advantage is that sparse doesn\u0027t require each NUMA node\u0027s ranges to be\ncontiguous.  It can handle overlapping ranges between nodes with no problems,\nwhere DISCONTIGMEM currently throws away that memory.\n\nSparsemem uses an array to provide different pfn_to_page() translations for\neach SECTION_SIZE area of physical memory.  This is what allows the mem_map[]\nto be chopped up.\n\nIn order to do quick pfn_to_page() operations, the section number of the page\nis encoded in page-\u003eflags.  Part of the sparsemem infrastructure enables\nsharing of these bits more dynamically (at compile-time) between the\npage_zone() and sparsemem operations.  However, on 32-bit architectures, the\nnumber of bits is quite limited, and may require growing the size of the\npage-\u003eflags type in certain conditions.  Several things might force this to\noccur: a decrease in the SECTION_SIZE (if you want to hotplug smaller areas of\nmemory), an increase in the physical address space, or an increase in the\nnumber of used page-\u003eflags.\n\nOne thing to note is that, once sparsemem is present, the NUMA node\ninformation no longer needs to be stored in the page-\u003eflags.  It might provide\nspeed increases on certain platforms and will be stored there if there is\nroom.  But, if out of room, an alternate (theoretically slower) mechanism is\nused.\n\nThis patch introduces CONFIG_FLATMEM.  It is used in almost all cases where\nthere used to be an #ifndef DISCONTIG, because SPARSEMEM and DISCONTIGMEM\noften have to compile out the same areas of code.\n\nSigned-off-by: Andy Whitcroft \u003capw@shadowen.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Dave Hansen \u003chaveblue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Martin Bligh \u003cmbligh@aracnet.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Adrian Bunk \u003cbunk@stusta.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Yasunori Goto \u003cy-goto@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Bob Picco \u003cbob.picco@hp.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "93b7504e3e6c1d98586854806e51bea329ea3aa9",
      "tree": "7b0d6f3a6214960daf3136f8c418178405521c07",
      "parents": [
        "0e19243e9a19ef8e5994852671bd06bb51630811"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Dave Hansen",
        "email": "haveblue@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Thu Jun 23 00:07:47 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Jun 23 09:45:03 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] Introduce new Kconfig option for NUMA or DISCONTIG\n\nThere is some confusion that arose when working on SPARSEMEM patch between\nwhat is needed for DISCONTIG vs. NUMA.\n\nMultiple pg_data_t\u0027s are needed for DISCONTIGMEM or NUMA, independently.\nAll of the current NUMA implementations require an implementation of\nDISCONTIG.  Because of this, quite a lot of code which is really needed for\nNUMA is actually under DISCONTIG #ifdefs.  For SPARSEMEM, we changed some\nof these #ifdefs to CONFIG_NUMA, but that broke the DISCONTIG\u003dy and NUMA\u003dn\ncase.\n\nIntroducing this new NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES config option allows code that is\nneeded for both NUMA or DISCONTIG to be separated out from code that is\nspecific to DISCONTIG.\n\nOne great advantage of this approach is that it doesn\u0027t require every\narchitecture to be converted over.  All of the current implementations\nshould \"just work\", only the ones implementing SPARSEMEM will have to be\nfixed up.\n\nThe change to free_area_init() makes it work inside, or out of the new\nconfig option.\n\nSigned-off-by: Dave Hansen \u003chaveblue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "348f8b6c4837a07304d2f72b11ce8d96588065e0",
      "tree": "f4c6c332b2c327630b284598325dff2f44e6c9cf",
      "parents": [
        "6f167ec721108c9282d54424516a12c805e3c306"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Dave Hansen",
        "email": "haveblue@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Thu Jun 23 00:07:40 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Jun 23 09:45:01 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sparsemem base: reorganize page-\u003eflags bit operations\n\nGenerify the value fields in the page_flags.  The aim is to allow the location\nand size of these fields to be varied.  Additionally we want to move away from\nfixed allocations per field whilst still enforcing the overall bit utilisation\nlimits.  We rely on the compiler to spot and optimise the accessor functions.\n\nSigned-off-by: Andy Whitcroft \u003capw@shadowen.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Dave Hansen \u003chaveblue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "6f167ec721108c9282d54424516a12c805e3c306",
      "tree": "f7094a2524611ede76b32e4cc3c07987b7b0e275",
      "parents": [
        "c2ebaa425e6630adcbf757b004d257dd4204925b"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Dave Hansen",
        "email": "haveblue@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Thu Jun 23 00:07:39 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Jun 23 09:45:01 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sparsemem base: simple NUMA remap space allocator\n\nIntroduce a simple allocator for the NUMA remap space.  This space is very\nscarce, used for structures which are best allocated node local.\n\nThis mechanism is also used on non-NUMA ia64 systems with a vmem_map to keep\nthe pgdat-\u003enode_mem_map initialized in a consistent place for all\narchitectures.\n\nIssues:\no alloc_remap takes a node_id where we might expect a pgdat which was intended\n  to allow us to allocate the pgdat\u0027s using this mechanism; which we do not yet\n  do.  Could have alloc_remap_node() and alloc_remap_nid() for this purpose.\n\nSigned-off-by: Andy Whitcroft \u003capw@shadowen.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Dave Hansen \u003chaveblue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "b7c84c6ada2be942eca6722edb2cfaad412cd5de",
      "tree": "06cba21e92755bf6b815221d5124ca0f9faf7985",
      "parents": [
        "a4936044001694f033fe4ea94d6034d51a6b465c"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Christoph Lameter",
        "email": "clameter@engr.sgi.com",
        "time": "Wed Jun 22 20:26:07 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Wed Jun 22 20:42:32 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] boot_pageset must not be freed.\n\nThe boot_pageset needs to be preserved for hotplugging and for off line\nprocessors and nodes. Otherwise pointers will point into memory that has\nnow a different use. /proc/zoneinfo is currently showing strange results\nif processors / nodes are not present.\n\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Lameter \u003cclameter@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "c0d62219a48bd91ec40fb254c930914dccc77ff1",
      "tree": "66049d2eb980b67bd745d19e97ada5a992975c06",
      "parents": [
        "b4955ce3dd0818b56da532a16c9a4a3804a558ee"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Denis Vlasenko",
        "email": "vda@ilport.com.ua",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 17:15:14 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 18:46:21 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] Kill stray newline\n\nOOM killer prints a stray newline.\n\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "334795eca421287c41c257992027d29659dc0f97",
      "tree": "c371467bea94f77bd340730c9cac724cca194b20",
      "parents": [
        "45918e1a8bfcabc1cb4570b8df276655020eac45"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Hugh Dickins",
        "email": "hugh@veritas.com",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 17:15:08 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 18:46:19 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] bad_page: clear reclaim and slab\n\nSince free_pages_check complains if PG_reclaim or PG_slab is set, bad_page\nought to clear them to avoid repetitive reports (Nikita noticed this too).\nLet prep_new_page check page_count and PG_slab as free_pages_check does.\n\nSigned-off-by: Hugh Dickins \u003chugh@veritas.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "2caaad41e4aa8f5dd999695b4ddeaa0e7f3912a4",
      "tree": "4ce8426bf3a85d92efc5a0f6c981f54963d472e8",
      "parents": [
        "4ae7c03943fca73f23bc0cdb938070f41b98101f"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Christoph Lameter",
        "email": "christoph@graphe.net",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 17:15:00 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 18:46:18 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] Reduce size of huge boot per_cpu_pageset\n\nReduce size of the huge per_cpu_pageset structure in __initdata introduced\ninto mm1 with the pageset localization patchset.  Use one specially\nconfigured pageset per cpu for all zones and nodes during bootup.\n\n- Avoid duplication of pageset initialization code.\n- do the adding to the pageset list before potential free_pages_bulk\n  in free_hot_cold_page (otherwise we would have to hold a page\n  in a pageset during the period that the boot pagesets are in use).\n- remove mistaken __cpuinitdata attribute and revert back to __initdata\n  for the boot pageset. A boot pageset is not necessary for cpu hotplug.\n\nTested for UP SMP NUMA on x86_64 (2.6.12-rc6-mm1): UP SMP NUMA Tested on\nIA64 (2.6.12-rc5-mm2): NUMA (2.6.12-rc6-mm1 broken for IA64 because of\nsparsemem patches)\n\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Lameter \u003cclameter@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "4ae7c03943fca73f23bc0cdb938070f41b98101f",
      "tree": "d4b3a7369896af7aa7bb58d0d1699be91fc4aa0d",
      "parents": [
        "578c2fd6a7f378434655e5c480e23152a3994404"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Christoph Lameter",
        "email": "clameter@engr.sgi.com",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 17:14:57 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 18:46:18 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] Periodically drain non local pagesets\n\nThe pageset array can potentially acquire a huge amount of memory on large\nNUMA systems.  F.e.  on a system with 512 processors and 256 nodes there\nwill be 256*512 pagesets.  If each pageset only holds 5 pages then we are\ntalking about 655360 pages.With a 16K page size on IA64 this results in\npotentially 10 Gigabytes of memory being trapped in pagesets.  The typical\ncases are much less for smaller systems but there is still the potential of\nmemory being trapped in off node pagesets.  Off node memory may be rarely\nused if local memory is available and so we may potentially have memory in\nseldom used pagesets without this patch.\n\nThe slab allocator flushes its per cpu caches every 2 seconds.  The\nfollowing patch flushes the off node pageset caches in the same way by\ntying into the slab flush.\n\nThe patch also changes /proc/zoneinfo to include the number of pages\ncurrently in each pageset.\n\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Lameter \u003cclameter@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "578c2fd6a7f378434655e5c480e23152a3994404",
      "tree": "3a6408c416e3825cd17e33ac776425a52b743adc",
      "parents": [
        "c2f29ea111e3344ed48257c2a142c3db514e1529"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Janet Morgan",
        "email": "janetmor@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 17:14:56 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 18:46:17 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] add OOM debug\n\nThis patch provides more debug info when the system is OOM.  It displays\nmemory stats (basically sysrq-m info) from __alloc_pages() when page\nallocation fails and during OOM kill.\n\nThanks to Dave Jones for coming up with the idea.\n\nSigned-off-by: Janet Morgan \u003cjanetmor@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "c2f29ea111e3344ed48257c2a142c3db514e1529",
      "tree": "6750edefb1f08a6be545250fdaca72fa211ef338",
      "parents": [
        "83e5d8f7253cb7b14472385a6d57df1e9f848e8e"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Benjamin LaHaise",
        "email": "bcrl@kvack.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 17:14:55 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 18:46:17 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] __read_page_state(): pass unsigned long instead of unsigned\n\nBy making the offset argument of __read_page_state an unsigned long instead of\nunsigned, we can avoid forcing the compiler to sign extend a usually constant\nargument.  This saves 1 instruction on x86-64.\n\nSigned-off-by: Benjamin LaHaise \u003cbenjamin.c.lahaise@intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "83e5d8f7253cb7b14472385a6d57df1e9f848e8e",
      "tree": "bafb314103aefbb5699aed2b2b284d8954a888d9",
      "parents": [
        "1ad539b2bd89bf2e129123eb24d5bcc4484a35de"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Benjamin LaHaise",
        "email": "bcrl@kvack.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 17:14:54 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 18:46:17 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] __mod_page_state(): pass unsigned long instead of unsigned\n\nBy making the offset argument of __mod_page_state an unsigned long instead\nof unsigned, we can avoid forcing the compiler to sign extend a usually\nconstant argument.  This saves 1 instruction on x86-64.\n\nSigned-off-by: Benjamin LaHaise \u003cbenjamin.c.lahaise@intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "1ad539b2bd89bf2e129123eb24d5bcc4484a35de",
      "tree": "e416e208cdbd5d9890d39e39384e4ec913c26ef6",
      "parents": [
        "cbe37d093707762fc0abb280781e6a82a9d8d568"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Darren Hart",
        "email": "dvhltc@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 17:14:53 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 18:46:17 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] vm: try_to_free_pages unused argument\n\ntry_to_free_pages accepts a third argument, order, but hasn\u0027t used it since\nbefore 2.6.0.  The following patch removes the argument and updates all the\ncalls to try_to_free_pages.\n\nSigned-off-by: Darren Hart \u003cdvhltc@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "e7c8d5c9955a4d2e88e36b640563f5d6d5aba48a",
      "tree": "f04f7b0d08cbc46d2f190a85904a3dd696dc6e88",
      "parents": [
        "63551ae0feaaa23807ebea60de1901564bbef32e"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Christoph Lameter",
        "email": "christoph@lameter.com",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 17:14:47 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 18:46:16 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] node local per-cpu-pages\n\nThis patch modifies the way pagesets in struct zone are managed.\n\nEach zone has a per-cpu array of pagesets.  So any particular CPU has some\nmemory in each zone structure which belongs to itself.  Even if that CPU is\nnot local to that zone.\n\nSo the patch relocates the pagesets for each cpu to the node that is nearest\nto the cpu instead of allocating the pagesets in the (possibly remote) target\nzone.  This means that the operations to manage pages on remote zone can be\ndone with information available locally.\n\nWe play a macro trick so that non-NUMA pmachines avoid the additional\npointer chase on the page allocator fastpath.\n\nAIM7 benchmark on a 32 CPU SGI Altix\n\nw/o patches:\nTasks    jobs/min  jti  jobs/min/task      real       cpu\n    1      484.68  100       484.6769     12.01      1.97   Fri Mar 25 11:01:42 2005\n  100    27140.46   89       271.4046     21.44    148.71   Fri Mar 25 11:02:04 2005\n  200    30792.02   82       153.9601     37.80    296.72   Fri Mar 25 11:02:42 2005\n  300    32209.27   81       107.3642     54.21    451.34   Fri Mar 25 11:03:37 2005\n  400    34962.83   78        87.4071     66.59    588.97   Fri Mar 25 11:04:44 2005\n  500    31676.92   75        63.3538     91.87    742.71   Fri Mar 25 11:06:16 2005\n  600    36032.69   73        60.0545     96.91    885.44   Fri Mar 25 11:07:54 2005\n  700    35540.43   77        50.7720    114.63   1024.28   Fri Mar 25 11:09:49 2005\n  800    33906.70   74        42.3834    137.32   1181.65   Fri Mar 25 11:12:06 2005\n  900    34120.67   73        37.9119    153.51   1325.26   Fri Mar 25 11:14:41 2005\n 1000    34802.37   74        34.8024    167.23   1465.26   Fri Mar 25 11:17:28 2005\n\nwith slab API changes and pageset patch:\n\nTasks    jobs/min  jti  jobs/min/task      real       cpu\n    1      485.00  100       485.0000     12.00      1.96   Fri Mar 25 11:46:18 2005\n  100    28000.96   89       280.0096     20.79    150.45   Fri Mar 25 11:46:39 2005\n  200    32285.80   79       161.4290     36.05    293.37   Fri Mar 25 11:47:16 2005\n  300    40424.15   84       134.7472     43.19    438.42   Fri Mar 25 11:47:59 2005\n  400    39155.01   79        97.8875     59.46    590.05   Fri Mar 25 11:48:59 2005\n  500    37881.25   82        75.7625     76.82    730.19   Fri Mar 25 11:50:16 2005\n  600    39083.14   78        65.1386     89.35    872.79   Fri Mar 25 11:51:46 2005\n  700    38627.83   77        55.1826    105.47   1022.46   Fri Mar 25 11:53:32 2005\n  800    39631.94   78        49.5399    117.48   1169.94   Fri Mar 25 11:55:30 2005\n  900    36903.70   79        41.0041    141.94   1310.78   Fri Mar 25 11:57:53 2005\n 1000    36201.23   77        36.2012    160.77   1458.31   Fri Mar 25 12:00:34 2005\n\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Lameter \u003cclameter@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Shobhit Dayal \u003cshobhit@calsoftinc.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Shai Fultheim \u003cShai@Scalex86.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "1e7e5a9048b30c57ba1ddaa6cdf59b21b65cde99",
      "tree": "26eb9c483718ca1a0fad23597c0dfd3a69e9f080",
      "parents": [
        "0c35bbadc59f5ed105c34471143eceb4c0dd9c95"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Martin Hicks",
        "email": "mort@sgi.com",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 17:14:43 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 18:46:14 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] VM: rate limit early reclaim\n\nWhen early zone reclaim is turned on the LRU is scanned more frequently when a\nzone is low on memory.  This limits when the zone reclaim can be called by\nskipping the scan if another thread (either via kswapd or sync reclaim) is\nalready reclaiming from the zone.\n\nSigned-off-by: Martin Hicks \u003cmort@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "0c35bbadc59f5ed105c34471143eceb4c0dd9c95",
      "tree": "d82de388e8c0a38fa4b1d27ad372e84c9f01e013",
      "parents": [
        "753ee728964e5afb80c17659cc6c3a6fd0a42fe0"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Martin Hicks",
        "email": "mort@sgi.com",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 17:14:42 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 18:46:14 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] VM: add __GFP_NORECLAIM\n\nWhen using the early zone reclaim, it was noticed that allocating new pages\nthat should be spread across the whole system caused eviction of local pages.\n\nThis adds a new GFP flag to prevent early reclaim from happening during\ncertain allocation attempts.  The example that is implemented here is for page\ncache pages.  We want page cache pages to be spread across the whole system,\nand we don\u0027t want page cache pages to evict other pages to get local memory.\n\nSigned-off-by:  Martin Hicks \u003cmort@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "753ee728964e5afb80c17659cc6c3a6fd0a42fe0",
      "tree": "41c9a7700d0858c1f77c5bdaba97e5b636f69b06",
      "parents": [
        "bfbb38fb808ac23ef44472d05d9bb36edfb49ed0"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Martin Hicks",
        "email": "mort@sgi.com",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 17:14:41 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 18:46:14 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] VM: early zone reclaim\n\nThis is the core of the (much simplified) early reclaim.  The goal of this\npatch is to reclaim some easily-freed pages from a zone before falling back\nonto another zone.\n\nOne of the major uses of this is NUMA machines.  With the default allocator\nbehavior the allocator would look for memory in another zone, which might be\noff-node, before trying to reclaim from the current zone.\n\nThis adds a zone tuneable to enable early zone reclaim.  It is selected on a\nper-zone basis and is turned on/off via syscall.\n\nAdding some extra throttling on the reclaim was also required (patch\n4/4).  Without the machine would grind to a crawl when doing a \"make -j\"\nkernel build.  Even with this patch the System Time is higher on\naverage, but it seems tolerable.  Here are some numbers for kernbench\nruns on a 2-node, 4cpu, 8Gig RAM Altix in the \"make -j\" run:\n\n\t\t\twall  user   sys   %cpu  ctx sw.  sleeps\n\t\t\t----  ----   ---   ----   ------  ------\nNo patch\t\t1009  1384   847   258   298170   504402\nw/patch, no reclaim     880   1376   667   288   254064   396745\nw/patch \u0026 reclaim       1079  1385   926   252   291625   548873\n\nThese numbers are the average of 2 runs of 3 \"make -j\" runs done right\nafter system boot.  Run-to-run variability for \"make -j\" is huge, so\nthese numbers aren\u0027t terribly useful except to seee that with reclaim\nthe benchmark still finishes in a reasonable amount of time.\n\nI also looked at the NUMA hit/miss stats for the \"make -j\" runs and the\nreclaim doesn\u0027t make any difference when the machine is thrashing away.\n\nDoing a \"make -j8\" on a single node that is filled with page cache pages\ntakes 700 seconds with reclaim turned on and 735 seconds without reclaim\n(due to remote memory accesses).\n\nThe simple zone_reclaim syscall program is at\nhttp://www.bork.org/~mort/sgi/zone_reclaim.c\n\nSigned-off-by: Martin Hicks \u003cmort@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "295ab93497ec703f7d6eaf0787dd9768b83035fe",
      "tree": "e3dce05d4cab0d7d3907a7357d37932c99ffd76d",
      "parents": [
        "05b7438475ddbac47e75506913d44550f0e75938"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Nikita Danilov",
        "email": "nikita@clusterfs.com",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 17:14:38 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 21 18:46:14 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] mm: add /proc/zoneinfo\n\nAdd /proc/zoneinfo file to display information about memory zones.  Useful\nto analyze VM behaviour.\n\nSigned-off-by: Nikita Danilov \u003cnikita@clusterfs.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "7223a93a5321f84337647aef62ef947afd8df41a",
      "tree": "10d4c8e4cb1b4ddf33ca32efbe915ca91d19fcd1",
      "parents": [
        "2e34f07ff0c944399a6456e2d91cf0ca1d9a497c"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Dean Nelson",
        "email": "dcn@sgi.com",
        "time": "Wed Mar 23 19:00:00 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Tony Luck",
        "email": "tony.luck@intel.com",
        "time": "Tue May 03 12:09:32 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[IA64] Export node_online_map and node_possible_map\n\nExport node_online_map and node_possible_map so that kernel modules can use\nthe nodemask macros, like, for_each_node() and for_each_online_node().\n\nSigned-off-by: Dean Nelson \u003cdcn@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Tony Luck \u003ctony.luck@intel.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "4dc3b16ba18c0f967ad100c52fa65b01a4f76ff0",
      "tree": "fa038ad8969980eec6cef5b737872fda9feb4c6a",
      "parents": [
        "333f981720d619e2038b980a55ad01b10580eb9f"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Pavel Pisa",
        "email": "pisa@cmp.felk.cvut.cz",
        "time": "Sun May 01 08:59:25 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sun May 01 08:59:25 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] DocBook: changes and extensions to the kernel documentation\n\nI have recompiled Linux kernel 2.6.11.5 documentation for me and our\nuniversity students again.  The documentation could be extended for more\nsources which are equipped by structured comments for recent 2.6 kernels.  I\nhave tried to proceed with that task.  I have done that more times from 2.6.0\ntime and it gets boring to do same changes again and again.  Linux kernel\ncompiles after changes for i386 and ARM targets.  I have added references to\nsome more files into kernel-api book, I have added some section names as well.\n So please, check that changes do not break something and that categories are\nnot too much skewed.\n\nI have changed kernel-doc to accept \"fastcall\" and \"asmlinkage\" words reserved\nby kernel convention.  Most of the other changes are modifications in the\ncomments to make kernel-doc happy, accept some parameters description and do\nnot bail out on errors.  Changed \u003cpid\u003e to @pid in the description, moved some\n#ifdef before comments to correct function to comments bindings, etc.\n\nYou can see result of the modified documentation build at\n  http://cmp.felk.cvut.cz/~pisa/linux/lkdb-2.6.11.tar.gz\n\nSome more sources are ready to be included into kernel-doc generated\ndocumentation.  Sources has been added into kernel-api for now.  Some more\nsection names added and probably some more chaos introduced as result of quick\ncleanup work.\n\nSigned-off-by: Pavel Pisa \u003cpisa@cmp.felk.cvut.cz\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Martin Waitz \u003ctali@admingilde.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "edfbe2b0038723e5699ab22695ccd62b5542a5c1",
      "tree": "f1c613d32824f274b0e3daf492e87b0c9051c789",
      "parents": [
        "2054606ad6dd6fee559fe790f190b15ed9355237"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki",
        "email": "kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com",
        "time": "Sun May 01 08:58:37 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sun May 01 08:58:37 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] count bounce buffer pages in vmstat\n\nThis is a patch for counting the number of pages for bounce buffers.  It\u0027s\nshown in /proc/vmstat.\n\nCurrently, the number of bounce pages are not counted anywhere.  So, if\nthere are many bounce pages, it seems that there are leaked pages.  And\nit\u0027s difficult for a user to imagine the usage of bounce pages.  So, it\u0027s\nmeaningful to show # of bouce pages.\n\nSigned-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki \u003ckamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "b84a35be0285229b0a8a5e2e04d79360c5b75562",
      "tree": "3ff63fde8534eb615b408d047b461015781f6a5b",
      "parents": [
        "8e30f272a93ec9c1d5c305c5040dfaebc880499d"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Nick Piggin",
        "email": "nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au",
        "time": "Sun May 01 08:58:36 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sun May 01 08:58:36 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] mempool: NOMEMALLOC and NORETRY\n\nMempools have 2 problems.\n\nThe first is that mempool_alloc can possibly get stuck in __alloc_pages\nwhen they should opt to fail, and take an element from their reserved pool.\n\nThe second is that it will happily eat emergency PF_MEMALLOC reserves\ninstead of going to their reserved pools.\n\nFix the first by passing __GFP_NORETRY in the allocation calls in\nmempool_alloc.  Fix the second by introducing a __GFP_MEMPOOL flag which\ndirects the page allocator not to allocate from the reserve pool.\n\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "8e30f272a93ec9c1d5c305c5040dfaebc880499d",
      "tree": "ed5b54d2895d3e93768f79b2ec2b968f79bf7013",
      "parents": [
        "81b4082dc7666e2bc5ec229d8e837f3bafb96883"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Nick Piggin",
        "email": "nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au",
        "time": "Sun May 01 08:58:36 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sun May 01 08:58:36 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] mm: pcp use non powers of 2 for batch size\n\nJack Steiner reported this to have fixed his problem (bad colouring):\n\"The patches fix both problems that I found - bad\n coloring \u0026 excessive pages in pagesets.\"\n\nIn most workloads this is not likely to be such a pronounced problem,\nhowever it should help corner cases.  And avoiding powers of 2 in these\ntypes of memory operations is always a good idea.\n\nSigned-off-by: Nick Piggin \u003cnickpiggin@yahoo.com.au\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
      "tree": "0bba044c4ce775e45a88a51686b5d9f90697ea9d",
      "parents": [],
      "author": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sat Apr 16 15:20:36 2005 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sat Apr 16 15:20:36 2005 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Linux-2.6.12-rc2\n\nInitial git repository build. I\u0027m not bothering with the full history,\neven though we have it. We can create a separate \"historical\" git\narchive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it\u0027s about\n3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early\ngit days unnecessarily complicated, when we don\u0027t have a lot of good\ninfrastructure for it.\n\nLet it rip!\n"
    }
  ]
}