)]}' { "log": [ { "commit": "70b50f94f1644e2aa7cb374819cfd93f3c28d725", "tree": "79198cd9a92600140827a670d1ed5eefdcd23d79", "parents": [ "994c0e992522c123298b4a91b72f5e67ba2d1123" ], "author": { "name": "Andrea Arcangeli", "email": "aarcange@redhat.com", "time": "Wed Nov 02 13:36:59 2011 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Wed Nov 02 16:06:57 2011 -0700" }, "message": "mm: thp: tail page refcounting fix\n\nMichel while working on the working set estimation code, noticed that\ncalling get_page_unless_zero() on a random pfn_to_page(random_pfn)\nwasn\u0027t safe, if the pfn ended up being a tail page of a transparent\nhugepage under splitting by __split_huge_page_refcount().\n\nHe then found the problem could also theoretically materialize with\npage_cache_get_speculative() during the speculative radix tree lookups\nthat uses get_page_unless_zero() in SMP if the radix tree page is freed\nand reallocated and get_user_pages is called on it before\npage_cache_get_speculative has a chance to call get_page_unless_zero().\n\nSo the best way to fix the problem is to keep page_tail-\u003e_count zero at\nall times. This will guarantee that get_page_unless_zero() can never\nsucceed on any tail page. page_tail-\u003e_mapcount is guaranteed zero and\nis unused for all tail pages of a compound page, so we can simply\naccount the tail page references there and transfer them to\ntail_page-\u003e_count in __split_huge_page_refcount() (in addition to the\nhead_page-\u003e_mapcount).\n\nWhile debugging this s/_count/_mapcount/ change I also noticed get_page is\ncalled by direct-io.c on pages returned by get_user_pages. That wasn\u0027t\nentirely safe because the two atomic_inc in get_page weren\u0027t atomic. As\nopposed to other get_user_page users like secondary-MMU page fault to\nestablish the shadow pagetables would never call any superflous get_page\nafter get_user_page returns. It\u0027s safer to make get_page universally safe\nfor tail pages and to use get_page_foll() within follow_page (inside\nget_user_pages()). get_page_foll() is safe to do the refcounting for tail\npages without taking any locks because it is run within PT lock protected\ncritical sections (PT lock for pte and page_table_lock for\npmd_trans_huge).\n\nThe standard get_page() as invoked by direct-io instead will now take\nthe compound_lock but still only for tail pages. The direct-io paths\nare usually I/O bound and the compound_lock is per THP so very\nfinegrined, so there\u0027s no risk of scalability issues with it. A simple\ndirect-io benchmarks with all lockdep prove locking and spinlock\ndebugging infrastructure enabled shows identical performance and no\noverhead. So it\u0027s worth it. Ideally direct-io should stop calling\nget_page() on pages returned by get_user_pages(). The spinlock in\nget_page() is already optimized away for no-THP builds but doing\nget_page() on tail pages returned by GUP is generally a rare operation\nand usually only run in I/O paths.\n\nThis new refcounting on page_tail-\u003e_mapcount in addition to avoiding new\nRCU critical sections will also allow the working set estimation code to\nwork without any further complexity associated to the tail page\nrefcounting with THP.\n\nSigned-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli \u003caarcange@redhat.com\u003e\nReported-by: Michel Lespinasse \u003cwalken@google.com\u003e\nReviewed-by: Michel Lespinasse \u003cwalken@google.com\u003e\nReviewed-by: Minchan Kim \u003cminchan.kim@gmail.com\u003e\nCc: Peter Zijlstra \u003ca.p.zijlstra@chello.nl\u003e\nCc: Hugh Dickins \u003chughd@google.com\u003e\nCc: Johannes Weiner \u003cjweiner@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Mel Gorman \u003cmgorman@suse.de\u003e\nCc: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt \u003cbenh@kernel.crashing.org\u003e\nCc: David Gibson \u003cdavid@gibson.dropbear.id.au\u003e\nCc: \u003cstable@kernel.org\u003e\nCc: \u003cstable@vger.kernel.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "6038def0d11b322019d0dbb43f2a611247dfbdb6", "tree": "3b7bd8a20af5749566bfba9ca39a3d0c2cc25e0a", "parents": [ "ac3bbec5ec69b973317677e038de2d1a0c90c18c" ], "author": { "name": "Namhyung Kim", "email": "namhyung@gmail.com", "time": "Tue May 24 17:11:22 2011 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Wed May 25 08:39:05 2011 -0700" }, "message": "mm: nommu: sort mm-\u003emmap list properly\n\nWhen I was reading nommu code, I found that it handles the vma list/tree\nin an unusual way. IIUC, because there can be more than one\nidentical/overrapped vmas in the list/tree, it sorts the tree more\nstrictly and does a linear search on the tree. But it doesn\u0027t applied to\nthe list (i.e. the list could be constructed in a different order than\nthe tree so that we can\u0027t use the list when finding the first vma in that\norder).\n\nSince inserting/sorting a vma in the tree and link is done at the same\ntime, we can easily construct both of them in the same order. And linear\nsearching on the tree could be more costly than doing it on the list, it\ncan be converted to use the list.\n\nAlso, after the commit 297c5eee3724 (\"mm: make the vma list be doubly\nlinked\") made the list be doubly linked, there were a couple of code need\nto be fixed to construct the list properly.\n\nPatch 1/6 is a preparation. It maintains the list sorted same as the tree\nand construct doubly-linked list properly. Patch 2/6 is a simple\noptimization for the vma deletion. Patch 3/6 and 4/6 convert tree\ntraversal to list traversal and the rest are simple fixes and cleanups.\n\nThis patch:\n\n@vma added into @mm should be sorted by start addr, end addr and VMA\nstruct addr in that order because we may get identical VMAs in the @mm.\nHowever this was true only for the rbtree, not for the list.\n\nThis patch fixes this by remembering \u0027rb_prev\u0027 during the tree traversal\nlike find_vma_prepare() does and linking the @vma via __vma_link_list().\nAfter this patch, we can iterate the whole VMAs in correct order simply by\nusing @mm-\u003emmap list.\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: avoid duplicating __vma_link_list()]\nSigned-off-by: Namhyung Kim \u003cnamhyung@gmail.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Greg Ungerer \u003cgerg@uclinux.org\u003e\nCc: David Howells \u003cdhowells@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Paul Mundt \u003clethal@linux-sh.org\u003e\nCc: Geert Uytterhoeven \u003cgeert@linux-m68k.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "25985edcedea6396277003854657b5f3cb31a628", "tree": "f026e810210a2ee7290caeb737c23cb6472b7c38", "parents": [ "6aba74f2791287ec407e0f92487a725a25908067" ], "author": { "name": "Lucas De Marchi", "email": "lucas.demarchi@profusion.mobi", "time": "Wed Mar 30 22:57:33 2011 -0300" }, "committer": { "name": "Lucas De Marchi", "email": "lucas.demarchi@profusion.mobi", "time": "Thu Mar 31 11:26:23 2011 -0300" }, "message": "Fix common misspellings\n\nFixes generated by \u0027codespell\u0027 and manually reviewed.\n\nSigned-off-by: Lucas De Marchi \u003clucas.demarchi@profusion.mobi\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "0014bd990e69063b0fb78940b35439d7980ce3ee", "tree": "56d4576cc07954eb304abaf602aba44a6aa2a4f1", "parents": [ "91c9c3eda4f3066980d13a6907ef84f3a99364bd" ], "author": { "name": "Huang Ying", "email": "ying.huang@intel.com", "time": "Sun Jan 30 11:15:47 2011 +0800" }, "committer": { "name": "Marcelo Tosatti", "email": "mtosatti@redhat.com", "time": "Thu Mar 17 13:08:27 2011 -0300" }, "message": "mm: export __get_user_pages\n\nIn most cases, get_user_pages and get_user_pages_fast should be used\nto pin user pages in memory. But sometimes, some special flags except\nFOLL_GET, FOLL_WRITE and FOLL_FORCE are needed, for example in\nfollowing patch, KVM needs FOLL_HWPOISON. To support these users,\n__get_user_pages is exported directly.\n\nThere are some symbol name conflicts in infiniband driver, fixed them too.\n\nSigned-off-by: Huang Ying \u003cying.huang@intel.com\u003e\nCC: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nCC: Michel Lespinasse \u003cwalken@google.com\u003e\nCC: Roland Dreier \u003croland@kernel.org\u003e\nCC: Ralph Campbell \u003cinfinipath@qlogic.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Marcelo Tosatti \u003cmtosatti@redhat.com\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "7a608572a282a74978e10fd6cd63090aebe29f5c", "tree": "03e52f73d7c35ffcea8f46e14ec569da818a7631", "parents": [ "9e8a462a0141b12e22c4a2f0c12e0542770401f0" ], "author": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Mon Jan 17 14:42:19 2011 -0800" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Mon Jan 17 14:42:19 2011 -0800" }, "message": "Revert \"mm: batch activate_page() to reduce lock contention\"\n\nThis reverts commit 744ed1442757767ffede5008bb13e0805085902e.\n\nChris Mason ended up chasing down some page allocation errors and pages\nstuck waiting on the IO scheduler, and was able to narrow it down to two\ncommits: commit 744ed1442757 (\"mm: batch activate_page() to reduce lock\ncontention\") and d8505dee1a87 (\"mm: simplify code of swap.c\").\n\nThis reverts the first of them.\n\nReported-and-debugged-by: Chris Mason \u003cchris.mason@oracle.com\u003e\nCc: Mel Gorman \u003cmel@csn.ul.ie\u003e\nCc: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nCc: Jens Axboe \u003cjaxboe@fusionio.com\u003e\nCc: linux-mm \u003clinux-mm@kvack.org\u003e\nCc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki \u003ckamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: Andrea Arcangeli \u003caarcange@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Shaohua Li \u003cshaohua.li@intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "744ed1442757767ffede5008bb13e0805085902e", "tree": "75af93524570b40056f2367059dfa84ba7d90186", "parents": [ "d8505dee1a87b8d41b9c4ee1325cd72258226fbc" ], "author": { "name": "Shaohua Li", "email": "shaohua.li@intel.com", "time": "Thu Jan 13 15:47:34 2011 -0800" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Thu Jan 13 17:32:50 2011 -0800" }, "message": "mm: batch activate_page() to reduce lock contention\n\nThe zone-\u003elru_lock is heavily contented in workload where activate_page()\nis frequently used. We could do batch activate_page() to reduce the lock\ncontention. The batched pages will be added into zone list when the pool\nis full or page reclaim is trying to drain them.\n\nFor example, in a 4 socket 64 CPU system, create a sparse file and 64\nprocesses, processes shared map to the file. Each process read access the\nwhole file and then exit. The process exit will do unmap_vmas() and cause\na lot of activate_page() call. In such workload, we saw about 58% total\ntime reduction with below patch. Other workloads with a lot of\nactivate_page also benefits a lot too.\n\nI tested some microbenchmarks:\ncase-anon-cow-rand-mt\t\t0.58%\ncase-anon-cow-rand\t\t-3.30%\ncase-anon-cow-seq-mt\t\t-0.51%\ncase-anon-cow-seq\t\t-5.68%\ncase-anon-r-rand-mt\t\t0.23%\ncase-anon-r-rand\t\t0.81%\ncase-anon-r-seq-mt\t\t-0.71%\ncase-anon-r-seq\t\t\t-1.99%\ncase-anon-rx-rand-mt\t\t2.11%\ncase-anon-rx-seq-mt\t\t3.46%\ncase-anon-w-rand-mt\t\t-0.03%\ncase-anon-w-rand\t\t-0.50%\ncase-anon-w-seq-mt\t\t-1.08%\ncase-anon-w-seq\t\t\t-0.12%\ncase-anon-wx-rand-mt\t\t-5.02%\ncase-anon-wx-seq-mt\t\t-1.43%\ncase-fork\t\t\t1.65%\ncase-fork-sleep\t\t\t-0.07%\ncase-fork-withmem\t\t1.39%\ncase-hugetlb\t\t\t-0.59%\ncase-lru-file-mmap-read-mt\t-0.54%\ncase-lru-file-mmap-read\t\t0.61%\ncase-lru-file-mmap-read-rand\t-2.24%\ncase-lru-file-readonce\t\t-0.64%\ncase-lru-file-readtwice\t\t-11.69%\ncase-lru-memcg\t\t\t-1.35%\ncase-mmap-pread-rand-mt\t\t1.88%\ncase-mmap-pread-rand\t\t-15.26%\ncase-mmap-pread-seq-mt\t\t0.89%\ncase-mmap-pread-seq\t\t-69.72%\ncase-mmap-xread-rand-mt\t\t0.71%\ncase-mmap-xread-seq-mt\t\t0.38%\n\nThe most significent are:\ncase-lru-file-readtwice\t\t-11.69%\ncase-mmap-pread-rand\t\t-15.26%\ncase-mmap-pread-seq\t\t-69.72%\n\nwhich use activate_page a lot. others are basically variations because\neach run has slightly difference.\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]\nSigned-off-by: Shaohua Li \u003cshaohua.li@intel.com\u003e\nCc: Andi Kleen \u003candi@firstfloor.org\u003e\nCc: Minchan Kim \u003cminchan.kim@gmail.com\u003e\nCc: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "71e3aac0724ffe8918992d76acfe3aad7d8724a5", "tree": "4ff96e1fc3e53bc9d25b859bf7e5bdbab8f1b25a", "parents": [ "5c3240d92e29ae7bfb9cb58a9b37e80ab40894ff" ], "author": { "name": "Andrea Arcangeli", "email": "aarcange@redhat.com", "time": "Thu Jan 13 15:46:52 2011 -0800" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Thu Jan 13 17:32:42 2011 -0800" }, "message": "thp: transparent hugepage core\n\nLately I\u0027ve been working to make KVM use hugepages transparently without\nthe usual restrictions of hugetlbfs. Some of the restrictions I\u0027d like to\nsee removed:\n\n1) hugepages have to be swappable or the guest physical memory remains\n locked in RAM and can\u0027t be paged out to swap\n\n2) if a hugepage allocation fails, regular pages should be allocated\n instead and mixed in the same vma without any failure and without\n userland noticing\n\n3) if some task quits and more hugepages become available in the\n buddy, guest physical memory backed by regular pages should be\n relocated on hugepages automatically in regions under\n madvise(MADV_HUGEPAGE) (ideally event driven by waking up the\n kernel deamon if the order\u003dHPAGE_PMD_SHIFT-PAGE_SHIFT list becomes\n not null)\n\n4) avoidance of reservation and maximization of use of hugepages whenever\n possible. Reservation (needed to avoid runtime fatal faliures) may be ok for\n 1 machine with 1 database with 1 database cache with 1 database cache size\n known at boot time. It\u0027s definitely not feasible with a virtualization\n hypervisor usage like RHEV-H that runs an unknown number of virtual machines\n with an unknown size of each virtual machine with an unknown amount of\n pagecache that could be potentially useful in the host for guest not using\n O_DIRECT (aka cache\u003doff).\n\nhugepages in the virtualization hypervisor (and also in the guest!) are\nmuch more important than in a regular host not using virtualization,\nbecasue with NPT/EPT they decrease the tlb-miss cacheline accesses from 24\nto 19 in case only the hypervisor uses transparent hugepages, and they\ndecrease the tlb-miss cacheline accesses from 19 to 15 in case both the\nlinux hypervisor and the linux guest both uses this patch (though the\nguest will limit the addition speedup to anonymous regions only for\nnow...). Even more important is that the tlb miss handler is much slower\non a NPT/EPT guest than for a regular shadow paging or no-virtualization\nscenario. So maximizing the amount of virtual memory cached by the TLB\npays off significantly more with NPT/EPT than without (even if there would\nbe no significant speedup in the tlb-miss runtime).\n\nThe first (and more tedious) part of this work requires allowing the VM to\nhandle anonymous hugepages mixed with regular pages transparently on\nregular anonymous vmas. This is what this patch tries to achieve in the\nleast intrusive possible way. We want hugepages and hugetlb to be used in\na way so that all applications can benefit without changes (as usual we\nleverage the KVM virtualization design: by improving the Linux VM at\nlarge, KVM gets the performance boost too).\n\nThe most important design choice is: always fallback to 4k allocation if\nthe hugepage allocation fails! This is the _very_ opposite of some large\npagecache patches that failed with -EIO back then if a 64k (or similar)\nallocation failed...\n\nSecond important decision (to reduce the impact of the feature on the\nexisting pagetable handling code) is that at any time we can split an\nhugepage into 512 regular pages and it has to be done with an operation\nthat can\u0027t fail. This way the reliability of the swapping isn\u0027t decreased\n(no need to allocate memory when we are short on memory to swap) and it\u0027s\ntrivial to plug a split_huge_page* one-liner where needed without\npolluting the VM. Over time we can teach mprotect, mremap and friends to\nhandle pmd_trans_huge natively without calling split_huge_page*. The fact\nit can\u0027t fail isn\u0027t just for swap: if split_huge_page would return -ENOMEM\n(instead of the current void) we\u0027d need to rollback the mprotect from the\nmiddle of it (ideally including undoing the split_vma) which would be a\nbig change and in the very wrong direction (it\u0027d likely be simpler not to\ncall split_huge_page at all and to teach mprotect and friends to handle\nhugepages instead of rolling them back from the middle). In short the\nvery value of split_huge_page is that it can\u0027t fail.\n\nThe collapsing and madvise(MADV_HUGEPAGE) part will remain separated and\nincremental and it\u0027ll just be an \"harmless\" addition later if this initial\npart is agreed upon. It also should be noted that locking-wise replacing\nregular pages with hugepages is going to be very easy if compared to what\nI\u0027m doing below in split_huge_page, as it will only happen when\npage_count(page) matches page_mapcount(page) if we can take the PG_lock\nand mmap_sem in write mode. collapse_huge_page will be a \"best effort\"\nthat (unlike split_huge_page) can fail at the minimal sign of trouble and\nwe can try again later. collapse_huge_page will be similar to how KSM\nworks and the madvise(MADV_HUGEPAGE) will work similar to\nmadvise(MADV_MERGEABLE).\n\nThe default I like is that transparent hugepages are used at page fault\ntime. This can be changed with\n/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled. The control knob can be set\nto three values \"always\", \"madvise\", \"never\" which mean respectively that\nhugepages are always used, or only inside madvise(MADV_HUGEPAGE) regions,\nor never used. /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag instead\ncontrols if the hugepage allocation should defrag memory aggressively\n\"always\", only inside \"madvise\" regions, or \"never\".\n\nThe pmd_trans_splitting/pmd_trans_huge locking is very solid. The\nput_page (from get_user_page users that can\u0027t use mmu notifier like\nO_DIRECT) that runs against a __split_huge_page_refcount instead was a\npain to serialize in a way that would result always in a coherent page\ncount for both tail and head. I think my locking solution with a\ncompound_lock taken only after the page_first is valid and is still a\nPageHead should be safe but it surely needs review from SMP race point of\nview. In short there is no current existing way to serialize the O_DIRECT\nfinal put_page against split_huge_page_refcount so I had to invent a new\none (O_DIRECT loses knowledge on the mapping status by the time gup_fast\nreturns so...). And I didn\u0027t want to impact all gup/gup_fast users for\nnow, maybe if we change the gup interface substantially we can avoid this\nlocking, I admit I didn\u0027t think too much about it because changing the gup\nunpinning interface would be invasive.\n\nIf we ignored O_DIRECT we could stick to the existing compound refcounting\ncode, by simply adding a get_user_pages_fast_flags(foll_flags) where KVM\n(and any other mmu notifier user) would call it without FOLL_GET (and if\nFOLL_GET isn\u0027t set we\u0027d just BUG_ON if nobody registered itself in the\ncurrent task mmu notifier list yet). But O_DIRECT is fundamental for\ndecent performance of virtualized I/O on fast storage so we can\u0027t avoid it\nto solve the race of put_page against split_huge_page_refcount to achieve\na complete hugepage feature for KVM.\n\nSwap and oom works fine (well just like with regular pages ;). MMU\nnotifier is handled transparently too, with the exception of the young bit\non the pmd, that didn\u0027t have a range check but I think KVM will be fine\nbecause the whole point of hugepages is that EPT/NPT will also use a huge\npmd when they notice gup returns pages with PageCompound set, so they\nwon\u0027t care of a range and there\u0027s just the pmd young bit to check in that\ncase.\n\nNOTE: in some cases if the L2 cache is small, this may slowdown and waste\nmemory during COWs because 4M of memory are accessed in a single fault\ninstead of 8k (the payoff is that after COW the program can run faster).\nSo we might want to switch the copy_huge_page (and clear_huge_page too) to\nnot temporal stores. I also extensively researched ways to avoid this\ncache trashing with a full prefault logic that would cow in 8k/16k/32k/64k\nup to 1M (I can send those patches that fully implemented prefault) but I\nconcluded they\u0027re not worth it and they add an huge additional complexity\nand they remove all tlb benefits until the full hugepage has been faulted\nin, to save a little bit of memory and some cache during app startup, but\nthey still don\u0027t improve substantially the cache-trashing during startup\nif the prefault happens in \u003e4k chunks. One reason is that those 4k pte\nentries copied are still mapped on a perfectly cache-colored hugepage, so\nthe trashing is the worst one can generate in those copies (cow of 4k page\ncopies aren\u0027t so well colored so they trashes less, but again this results\nin software running faster after the page fault). Those prefault patches\nallowed things like a pte where post-cow pages were local 4k regular anon\npages and the not-yet-cowed pte entries were pointing in the middle of\nsome hugepage mapped read-only. If it doesn\u0027t payoff substantially with\ntodays hardware it will payoff even less in the future with larger l2\ncaches, and the prefault logic would blot the VM a lot. If one is\nemebdded transparent_hugepage can be disabled during boot with sysfs or\nwith the boot commandline parameter transparent_hugepage\u003d0 (or\ntransparent_hugepage\u003d2 to restrict hugepages inside madvise regions) that\nwill ensure not a single hugepage is allocated at boot time. It is simple\nenough to just disable transparent hugepage globally and let transparent\nhugepages be allocated selectively by applications in the MADV_HUGEPAGE\nregion (both at page fault time, and if enabled with the\ncollapse_huge_page too through the kernel daemon).\n\nThis patch supports only hugepages mapped in the pmd, archs that have\nsmaller hugepages will not fit in this patch alone. Also some archs like\npower have certain tlb limits that prevents mixing different page size in\nthe same regions so they will not fit in this framework that requires\n\"graceful fallback\" to basic PAGE_SIZE in case of physical memory\nfragmentation. hugetlbfs remains a perfect fit for those because its\nsoftware limits happen to match the hardware limits. hugetlbfs also\nremains a perfect fit for hugepage sizes like 1GByte that cannot be hoped\nto be found not fragmented after a certain system uptime and that would be\nvery expensive to defragment with relocation, so requiring reservation.\nhugetlbfs is the \"reservation way\", the point of transparent hugepages is\nnot to have any reservation at all and maximizing the use of cache and\nhugepages at all times automatically.\n\nSome performance result:\n\nvmx andrea # LD_PRELOAD\u003d/usr/lib64/libhugetlbfs.so HUGETLB_MORECORE\u003dyes HUGETLB_PATH\u003d/mnt/huge/ ./largep\nages3\nmemset page fault 1566023\nmemset tlb miss 453854\nmemset second tlb miss 453321\nrandom access tlb miss 41635\nrandom access second tlb miss 41658\nvmx andrea # LD_PRELOAD\u003d/usr/lib64/libhugetlbfs.so HUGETLB_MORECORE\u003dyes HUGETLB_PATH\u003d/mnt/huge/ ./largepages3\nmemset page fault 1566471\nmemset tlb miss 453375\nmemset second tlb miss 453320\nrandom access tlb miss 41636\nrandom access second tlb miss 41637\nvmx andrea # ./largepages3\nmemset page fault 1566642\nmemset tlb miss 453417\nmemset second tlb miss 453313\nrandom access tlb miss 41630\nrandom access second tlb miss 41647\nvmx andrea # ./largepages3\nmemset page fault 1566872\nmemset tlb miss 453418\nmemset second tlb miss 453315\nrandom access tlb miss 41618\nrandom access second tlb miss 41659\nvmx andrea # echo 0 \u003e /proc/sys/vm/transparent_hugepage\nvmx andrea # ./largepages3\nmemset page fault 2182476\nmemset tlb miss 460305\nmemset second tlb miss 460179\nrandom access tlb miss 44483\nrandom access second tlb miss 44186\nvmx andrea # ./largepages3\nmemset page fault 2182791\nmemset tlb miss 460742\nmemset second tlb miss 459962\nrandom access tlb miss 43981\nrandom access second tlb miss 43988\n\n\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\n#include \u003cstdio.h\u003e\n#include \u003cstdlib.h\u003e\n#include \u003cstring.h\u003e\n#include \u003csys/time.h\u003e\n\n#define SIZE (3UL*1024*1024*1024)\n\nint main()\n{\n\tchar *p \u003d malloc(SIZE), *p2;\n\tstruct timeval before, after;\n\n\tgettimeofday(\u0026before, NULL);\n\tmemset(p, 0, SIZE);\n\tgettimeofday(\u0026after, NULL);\n\tprintf(\"memset page fault %Lu\\n\",\n\t (after.tv_sec-before.tv_sec)*1000000UL +\n\t after.tv_usec-before.tv_usec);\n\n\tgettimeofday(\u0026before, NULL);\n\tmemset(p, 0, SIZE);\n\tgettimeofday(\u0026after, NULL);\n\tprintf(\"memset tlb miss %Lu\\n\",\n\t (after.tv_sec-before.tv_sec)*1000000UL +\n\t after.tv_usec-before.tv_usec);\n\n\tgettimeofday(\u0026before, NULL);\n\tmemset(p, 0, SIZE);\n\tgettimeofday(\u0026after, NULL);\n\tprintf(\"memset second tlb miss %Lu\\n\",\n\t (after.tv_sec-before.tv_sec)*1000000UL +\n\t after.tv_usec-before.tv_usec);\n\n\tgettimeofday(\u0026before, NULL);\n\tfor (p2 \u003d p; p2 \u003c p+SIZE; p2 +\u003d 4096)\n\t\t*p2 \u003d 0;\n\tgettimeofday(\u0026after, NULL);\n\tprintf(\"random access tlb miss %Lu\\n\",\n\t (after.tv_sec-before.tv_sec)*1000000UL +\n\t after.tv_usec-before.tv_usec);\n\n\tgettimeofday(\u0026before, NULL);\n\tfor (p2 \u003d p; p2 \u003c p+SIZE; p2 +\u003d 4096)\n\t\t*p2 \u003d 0;\n\tgettimeofday(\u0026after, NULL);\n\tprintf(\"random access second tlb miss %Lu\\n\",\n\t (after.tv_sec-before.tv_sec)*1000000UL +\n\t after.tv_usec-before.tv_usec);\n\n\treturn 0;\n}\n\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\n\nSigned-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli \u003caarcange@redhat.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Johannes Weiner \u003channes@cmpxchg.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "53a7706d5ed8f1a53ba062b318773160cc476dde", "tree": "a1990d90d5af3686b7a83b2bbc2ae6463971efc5", "parents": [ "5fdb2002131cd4e210b9638a4fc932ec7be491d1" ], "author": { "name": "Michel Lespinasse", "email": "walken@google.com", "time": "Thu Jan 13 15:46:14 2011 -0800" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Thu Jan 13 17:32:36 2011 -0800" }, "message": "mlock: do not hold mmap_sem for extended periods of time\n\n__get_user_pages gets a new \u0027nonblocking\u0027 parameter to signal that the\ncaller is prepared to re-acquire mmap_sem and retry the operation if\nneeded. This is used to split off long operations if they are going to\nblock on a disk transfer, or when we detect contention on the mmap_sem.\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove ref to rwsem_is_contended()]\nSigned-off-by: Michel Lespinasse \u003cwalken@google.com\u003e\nCc: Hugh Dickins \u003chughd@google.com\u003e\nCc: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Peter Zijlstra \u003cpeterz@infradead.org\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@kernel.dk\u003e\nCc: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nCc: \"H. Peter Anvin\" \u003chpa@zytor.com\u003e\nCc: Thomas Gleixner \u003ctglx@linutronix.de\u003e\nCc: David Howells \u003cdhowells@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "572438f9b52236bd8938b1647cc15e027d27ef55", "tree": "040d41121c01501a613d5f280b2d9fd6ef562447", "parents": [ "44e2aa937e698ea95dd86b2a4fabd734ef2c76db" ], "author": { "name": "KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki", "email": "kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com", "time": "Tue Oct 26 14:22:08 2010 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Tue Oct 26 16:52:11 2010 -0700" }, "message": "mm: fix is_mem_section_removable() page_order BUG_ON check\n\npage_order() is called by memory hotplug\u0027s user interface to check the\nsection is removable or not. (is_mem_section_removable())\n\nIt calls page_order() withoug holding zone-\u003elock.\nSo, even if the caller does\n\n\tif (PageBuddy(page))\n\t\tret \u003d page_order(page) ...\nThe caller may hit BUG_ON().\n\nFor fixing this, there are 2 choices.\n 1. add zone-\u003elock.\n 2. remove BUG_ON().\n\nis_mem_section_removable() is used for some \"advice\" and doesn\u0027t need to\nbe 100% accurate. This is_removable() can be called via user program..\nWe don\u0027t want to take this important lock for long by user\u0027s request. So,\nthis patch removes BUG_ON().\n\nSigned-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki \u003ckamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Wu Fengguang \u003cfengguang.wu@intel.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Michal Hocko \u003cmhocko@suse.cz\u003e\nAcked-by: Mel Gorman \u003cmel@csn.ul.ie\u003e\nCc: \u003cstable@kernel.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "1bfe5febe34d2be2120803c10720e179186357c9", "tree": "d4d8b1dacc375a1004ab1ed508333bc33e46d9a9", "parents": [ "4fd466eb46a6a917c317a87fb94bfc7252a0f7ed" ], "author": { "name": "Haicheng Li", "email": "haicheng.li@linux.intel.com", "time": "Wed Dec 16 12:19:59 2009 +0100" }, "committer": { "name": "Andi Kleen", "email": "ak@linux.intel.com", "time": "Wed Dec 16 12:19:59 2009 +0100" }, "message": "HWPOISON: add an interface to switch off/on all the page filters\n\nIn some use cases, user doesn\u0027t need extra filtering. E.g. user program\ncan inject errors through madvise syscall to its own pages, however it\nmight not know what the page state exactly is or which inode the page\nbelongs to.\n\nSo introduce an one-off interface \"corrupt-filter-enable\".\n\nEcho 0 to switch off page filters, and echo 1 to switch on the filters.\n[AK: changed default to 0]\n\nSigned-off-by: Haicheng Li \u003chaicheng.li@linux.intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Wu Fengguang \u003cfengguang.wu@intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andi Kleen \u003cak@linux.intel.com\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "4fd466eb46a6a917c317a87fb94bfc7252a0f7ed", "tree": "003b28724241a22a41dc9ae067f30beadbf76e6a", "parents": [ "d324236b3333e87c8825b35f2104184734020d35" ], "author": { "name": "Andi Kleen", "email": "andi@firstfloor.org", "time": "Wed Dec 16 12:19:59 2009 +0100" }, "committer": { "name": "Andi Kleen", "email": "ak@linux.intel.com", "time": "Wed Dec 16 12:19:59 2009 +0100" }, "message": "HWPOISON: add memory cgroup filter\n\nThe hwpoison test suite need to inject hwpoison to a collection of\nselected task pages, and must not touch pages not owned by them and\nthus kill important system processes such as init. (But it\u0027s OK to\nmis-hwpoison free/unowned pages as well as shared clean pages.\nMis-hwpoison of shared dirty pages will kill all tasks, so the test\nsuite will target all or non of such tasks in the first place.)\n\nThe memory cgroup serves this purpose well. We can put the target\nprocesses under the control of a memory cgroup, and tell the hwpoison\ninjection code to only kill pages associated with some active memory\ncgroup.\n\nThe prerequisite for doing hwpoison stress tests with mem_cgroup is,\nthe mem_cgroup code tracks task pages _accurately_ (unless page is\nlocked). Which we believe is/should be true.\n\nThe benefits are simplification of hwpoison injector code. Also the\nmem_cgroup code will automatically be tested by hwpoison test cases.\n\nThe alternative interfaces pin-pfn/unpin-pfn can also delegate the\n(process and page flags) filtering functions reliably to user space.\nHowever prototype implementation shows that this scheme adds more\ncomplexity than we wanted.\n\nExample test case:\n\n\tmkdir /cgroup/hwpoison\n\n\tusemem -m 100 -s 1000 \u0026\n\techo `jobs -p` \u003e /cgroup/hwpoison/tasks\n\n\tmemcg_ino\u003d$(ls -id /cgroup/hwpoison | cut -f1 -d\u0027 \u0027)\n\techo $memcg_ino \u003e /debug/hwpoison/corrupt-filter-memcg\n\n\tpage-types -p `pidof init` --hwpoison # shall do nothing\n\tpage-types -p `pidof usemem` --hwpoison # poison its pages\n\n[AK: Fix documentation]\n[Add fix for problem noticed by Li Zefan \u003clizf@cn.fujitsu.com\u003e;\ndentry in the css could be NULL]\n\nCC: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCC: Hugh Dickins \u003chugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk\u003e\nCC: Daisuke Nishimura \u003cnishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp\u003e\nCC: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com\u003e\nCC: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki \u003ckamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCC: Li Zefan \u003clizf@cn.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCC: Paul Menage \u003cmenage@google.com\u003e\nCC: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nCC: Andi Kleen \u003candi@firstfloor.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Wu Fengguang \u003cfengguang.wu@intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andi Kleen \u003cak@linux.intel.com\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "478c5ffc0b50527bd2390f2daa46cc16276b8413", "tree": "f58f5be9760fd0e81567611cf6e9f9bc77d1d3cd", "parents": [ "1a9b5b7fe0c5dad8a635288882d36785dea742f9" ], "author": { "name": "Wu Fengguang", "email": "fengguang.wu@intel.com", "time": "Wed Dec 16 12:19:59 2009 +0100" }, "committer": { "name": "Andi Kleen", "email": "ak@linux.intel.com", "time": "Wed Dec 16 12:19:59 2009 +0100" }, "message": "HWPOISON: add page flags filter\n\nWhen specified, only poison pages if ((page_flags \u0026 mask) \u003d\u003d value).\n\n- corrupt-filter-flags-mask\n- corrupt-filter-flags-value\n\nThis allows stress testing of many kinds of pages.\n\nStrictly speaking, the buddy pages requires taking zone lock, to avoid\nsetting PG_hwpoison on a \"was buddy but now allocated to someone\" page.\nHowever we can just do nothing because we set PG_locked in the beginning,\nthis prevents the page allocator from allocating it to someone. (It will\nBUG() on the unexpected PG_locked, which is fine for hwpoison testing.)\n\n[AK: Add select PROC_PAGE_MONITOR to satisfy dependency]\n\nCC: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Wu Fengguang \u003cfengguang.wu@intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andi Kleen \u003cak@linux.intel.com\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "31d3d3484f9bd263925ecaa341500ac2df3a5d9b", "tree": "38f331f27f3b4bc537303fc90490b88d53e43710", "parents": [ "7c116f2b0dbac4a1dd051c7a5e8cef37701cafd4" ], "author": { "name": "Wu Fengguang", "email": "fengguang.wu@intel.com", "time": "Wed Dec 16 12:19:59 2009 +0100" }, "committer": { "name": "Andi Kleen", "email": "ak@linux.intel.com", "time": "Wed Dec 16 12:19:59 2009 +0100" }, "message": "HWPOISON: limit hwpoison injector to known page types\n\n__memory_failure()\u0027s workflow is\n\n\tset PG_hwpoison\n\t//...\n\tunset PG_hwpoison if didn\u0027t pass hwpoison filter\n\nThat could kill unrelated process if it happens to page fault on the\npage with the (temporary) PG_hwpoison. The race should be big enough to\nappear in stress tests.\n\nFix it by grabbing the page and checking filter at inject time. This\nalso avoids the very noisy \"Injecting memory failure...\" messages.\n\n- we don\u0027t touch madvise() based injection, because the filters are\n generally not necessary for it.\n- if we want to apply the filters to h/w aided injection, we\u0027d better to\n rearrange the logic in __memory_failure() instead of this patch.\n\nAK: fix documentation, use drain all, cleanups\n\nCC: Haicheng Li \u003chaicheng.li@intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Wu Fengguang \u003cfengguang.wu@intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andi Kleen \u003cak@linux.intel.com\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "7c116f2b0dbac4a1dd051c7a5e8cef37701cafd4", "tree": "ac7f1e56551df46bc79e400a182a57f4eae5ddaf", "parents": [ "138ce286eb6ee6d39ca4fb50516e93adaf6b605f" ], "author": { "name": "Wu Fengguang", "email": "fengguang.wu@intel.com", "time": "Wed Dec 16 12:19:59 2009 +0100" }, "committer": { "name": "Andi Kleen", "email": "ak@linux.intel.com", "time": "Wed Dec 16 12:19:59 2009 +0100" }, "message": "HWPOISON: add fs/device filters\n\nFilesystem data/metadata present the most tricky-to-isolate pages.\nIt requires careful code review and stress testing to get them right.\n\nThe fs/device filter helps to target the stress tests to some specific\nfilesystem pages. The filter condition is block device\u0027s major/minor\nnumbers:\n - corrupt-filter-dev-major\n - corrupt-filter-dev-minor\nWhen specified (non -1), only page cache pages that belong to that\ndevice will be poisoned.\n\nThe filters are checked reliably on the locked and refcounted page.\n\nHaicheng: clear PG_hwpoison and drop bad page count if filter not OK\nAK: Add documentation\n\nCC: Haicheng Li \u003chaicheng.li@intel.com\u003e\nCC: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Wu Fengguang \u003cfengguang.wu@intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andi Kleen \u003cak@linux.intel.com\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "8d22ba1b74aa9420b6032d856446564fb21f8090", "tree": "6c2e2d27e81d784faa0481500f1cecc613ff1167", "parents": [ "95d01fc664b9476e0d18e3d745bb209a42a33588" ], "author": { "name": "Wu Fengguang", "email": "fengguang.wu@intel.com", "time": "Wed Dec 16 12:19:58 2009 +0100" }, "committer": { "name": "Andi Kleen", "email": "ak@linux.intel.com", "time": "Wed Dec 16 12:19:58 2009 +0100" }, "message": "HWPOISON: detect free buddy pages explicitly\n\nMost free pages in the buddy system have no PG_buddy set.\nIntroduce is_free_buddy_page() for detecting them reliably.\n\nCC: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nCC: Mel Gorman \u003cmel@linux.vnet.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Wu Fengguang \u003cfengguang.wu@intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andi Kleen \u003cak@linux.intel.com\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "418b27ef50e7e9b0c2fbd88db804bf065e5eb1a6", "tree": "24a4354bfa3bda6c763b859c235669c939c97ce4", "parents": [ "4eb2b1dcd598f8489130405c81c60c289896d92a" ], "author": { "name": "Lee Schermerhorn", "email": "Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com", "time": "Mon Dec 14 17:59:54 2009 -0800" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Tue Dec 15 08:53:23 2009 -0800" }, "message": "mm: remove unevictable_migrate_page function\n\nunevictable_migrate_page() in mm/internal.h is a relic of the since\nremoved UNEVICTABLE_LRU Kconfig option. This patch removes the function\nand open codes the test in migrate_page_copy().\n\nSigned-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn \u003clee.schermerhorn@hp.com\u003e\nReviewed-by: Christoph Lameter \u003ccl@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nAcked-by: Hugh Dickins \u003chugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "73848b4684e84a84cfd1555af78d41158f31e16b", "tree": "b71ba30e2b20cbc45740a38e9b5aa51b8c2ea60e", "parents": [ "08beca44dfb0ab008e365163df70dbd302ae1508" ], "author": { "name": "Hugh Dickins", "email": "hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk", "time": "Mon Dec 14 17:59:22 2009 -0800" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Tue Dec 15 08:53:19 2009 -0800" }, "message": "ksm: fix mlockfreed to munlocked\n\nWhen KSM merges an mlocked page, it has been forgetting to munlock it:\nthat\u0027s been left to free_page_mlock(), which reports it in /proc/vmstat as\nunevictable_pgs_mlockfreed instead of unevictable_pgs_munlocked (and\nwhinges \"Page flag mlocked set for process\" in mmotm, whereas mainline is\nsilently forgiving). Call munlock_vma_page() to fix that.\n\nSigned-off-by: Hugh Dickins \u003chugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk\u003e\nCc: Izik Eidus \u003cieidus@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Andrea Arcangeli \u003caarcange@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Chris Wright \u003cchrisw@redhat.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Mel Gorman \u003cmel@csn.ul.ie\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "af8e3354b4bbd1ee5a3a55d11a5e1fe37e77f0ba", "tree": "8dc0ece80878d00409d4662c5fd1e28cd7fbbdd8", "parents": [ "53f79acb6ecb648afd63e0f13deba167f1a934df" ], "author": { "name": "Hugh Dickins", "email": "hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk", "time": "Mon Dec 14 17:58:59 2009 -0800" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Tue Dec 15 08:53:17 2009 -0800" }, "message": "mm: CONFIG_MMU for PG_mlocked\n\nRemove three degrees of obfuscation, left over from when we had\nCONFIG_UNEVICTABLE_LRU. MLOCK_PAGES is CONFIG_HAVE_MLOCKED_PAGE_BIT is\nCONFIG_HAVE_MLOCK is CONFIG_MMU. rmap.o (and memory-failure.o) are only\nbuilt when CONFIG_MMU, so don\u0027t need such conditions at all.\n\nSomehow, I feel no compulsion to remove the CONFIG_HAVE_MLOCK* lines from\n169 defconfigs: leave those to evolve in due course.\n\nSigned-off-by: Hugh Dickins \u003chugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk\u003e\nCc: Izik Eidus \u003cieidus@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Andrea Arcangeli \u003caarcange@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nReviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Lee Schermerhorn \u003cLee.Schermerhorn@hp.com\u003e\nCc: Andi Kleen \u003candi@firstfloor.org\u003e\nCc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki \u003ckamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: Wu Fengguang \u003cfengguang.wu@intel.com\u003e\nCc: Minchan Kim \u003cminchan.kim@gmail.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "03f6462a3ae78f36eb1f0ee8b4d5ae2f7859c1d5", "tree": "bf19c5019705796e90ef592233aca5f09025a92f", "parents": [ "62eede62dafb4a6633eae7ffbeb34c60dba5e7b1" ], "author": { "name": "Hugh Dickins", "email": "hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk", "time": "Mon Sep 21 17:03:35 2009 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Tue Sep 22 07:17:41 2009 -0700" }, "message": "mm: move highest_memmap_pfn\n\nMove highest_memmap_pfn __read_mostly from page_alloc.c next to zero_pfn\n__read_mostly in memory.c: to help them share a cacheline, since they\u0027re\nvery often tested together in vm_normal_page().\n\nSigned-off-by: Hugh Dickins \u003chugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk\u003e\nCc: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki \u003ckamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nCc: Mel Gorman \u003cmel@csn.ul.ie\u003e\nCc: Minchan Kim \u003cminchan.kim@gmail.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "58fa879e1e640a1856f736b418984ebeccee1c95", "tree": "dc37bce8379e29c46e79f105cc71d137b14965cf", "parents": [ "a13ea5b759645a0779edc6dbfec9abfd83220844" ], "author": { "name": "Hugh Dickins", "email": "hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk", "time": "Mon Sep 21 17:03:31 2009 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Tue Sep 22 07:17:40 2009 -0700" }, "message": "mm: FOLL flags for GUP flags\n\n__get_user_pages() has been taking its own GUP flags, then processing\nthem into FOLL flags for follow_page(). Though oddly named, the FOLL\nflags are more widely used, so pass them to __get_user_pages() now.\nSorry, VM flags, VM_FAULT flags and FAULT_FLAGs are still distinct.\n\n(The patch to __get_user_pages() looks peculiar, with both gup_flags\nand foll_flags: the gup_flags remain constant; but as before there\u0027s\nan exceptional case, out of scope of the patch, in which foll_flags\nper page have FOLL_WRITE masked off.)\n\nSigned-off-by: Hugh Dickins \u003chugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk\u003e\nCc: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki \u003ckamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nCc: Mel Gorman \u003cmel@csn.ul.ie\u003e\nCc: Minchan Kim \u003cminchan.kim@gmail.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "8e4b9a60718970bbc02dfd3abd0b956ab65af231", "tree": "4c19152cea19882071a74f92c0cf6a16d5711f41", "parents": [ "f3e8fccd06d27773186a0094371daf2d84c79469" ], "author": { "name": "Hugh Dickins", "email": "hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk", "time": "Mon Sep 21 17:03:26 2009 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Tue Sep 22 07:17:40 2009 -0700" }, "message": "mm: FOLL_DUMP replace FOLL_ANON\n\nThe \"FOLL_ANON optimization\" and its use_zero_page() test have caused\nconfusion and bugs: why does it test VM_SHARED? for the very good but\nunsatisfying reason that VMware crashed without. As we look to maybe\nreinstating anonymous use of the ZERO_PAGE, we need to sort this out.\n\nEasily done: it\u0027s silly for __get_user_pages() and follow_page() to\nbe guessing whether it\u0027s safe to assume that they\u0027re being used for\na coredump (which can take a shortcut snapshot where other uses must\nhandle a fault) - just tell them with GUP_FLAGS_DUMP and FOLL_DUMP.\n\nget_dump_page() doesn\u0027t even want a ZERO_PAGE: an error suits fine.\n\nSigned-off-by: Hugh Dickins \u003chugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk\u003e\nAcked-by: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Mel Gorman \u003cmel@csn.ul.ie\u003e\nReviewed-by: Minchan Kim \u003cminchan.kim@gmail.com\u003e\nCc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki \u003ckamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "1c3aff1ceec2cc86810e2690e67873ff0c505862", "tree": "bf2f1badfd3f8859299f00c8a95c0a11e5cfa778", "parents": [ "408e82b78bcc9f1b47c76e833c3df97f675947de" ], "author": { "name": "Hugh Dickins", "email": "hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk", "time": "Mon Sep 21 17:03:24 2009 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Tue Sep 22 07:17:40 2009 -0700" }, "message": "mm: remove unused GUP flags\n\nGUP_FLAGS_IGNORE_VMA_PERMISSIONS and GUP_FLAGS_IGNORE_SIGKILL were\nflags added solely to prevent __get_user_pages() from doing some of\nwhat it usually does, in the munlock case: we can now remove them.\n\nSigned-off-by: Hugh Dickins \u003chugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk\u003e\nAcked-by: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki \u003ckamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nCc: Mel Gorman \u003cmel@csn.ul.ie\u003e\nCc: Minchan Kim \u003cminchan.kim@gmail.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "fa5e084e43eb14c14942027e1e2e894aeed96097", "tree": "3e7ebf714858e8dd1de7042fd1ef62294a3ec20f", "parents": [ "90afa5de6f3fa89a733861e843377302479fcf7e" ], "author": { "name": "Mel Gorman", "email": "mel@csn.ul.ie", "time": "Tue Jun 16 15:33:22 2009 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Tue Jun 16 19:47:45 2009 -0700" }, "message": "vmscan: do not unconditionally treat zones that fail zone_reclaim() as full\n\nOn NUMA machines, the administrator can configure zone_reclaim_mode that\nis a more targetted form of direct reclaim. On machines with large NUMA\ndistances for example, a zone_reclaim_mode defaults to 1 meaning that\nclean unmapped pages will be reclaimed if the zone watermarks are not\nbeing met. The problem is that zone_reclaim() failing at all means the\nzone gets marked full.\n\nThis can cause situations where a zone is usable, but is being skipped\nbecause it has been considered full. Take a situation where a large tmpfs\nmount is occuping a large percentage of memory overall. The pages do not\nget cleaned or reclaimed by zone_reclaim(), but the zone gets marked full\nand the zonelist cache considers them not worth trying in the future.\n\nThis patch makes zone_reclaim() return more fine-grained information about\nwhat occured when zone_reclaim() failued. The zone only gets marked full\nif it really is unreclaimable. If it\u0027s a case that the scan did not occur\nor if enough pages were not reclaimed with the limited reclaim_mode, then\nthe zone is simply skipped.\n\nThere is a side-effect to this patch. Currently, if zone_reclaim()\nsuccessfully reclaimed SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX, an allocation attempt would go\nahead. With this patch applied, zone watermarks are rechecked after\nzone_reclaim() does some work.\n\nThis bug was introduced by commit 9276b1bc96a132f4068fdee00983c532f43d3a26\n(\"memory page_alloc zonelist caching speedup\") way back in 2.6.19 when the\nzonelist_cache was introduced. It was not intended that zone_reclaim()\naggressively consider the zone to be full when it failed as full direct\nreclaim can still be an option. Due to the age of the bug, it should be\nconsidered a -stable candidate.\n\nSigned-off-by: Mel Gorman \u003cmel@csn.ul.ie\u003e\nReviewed-by: Wu Fengguang \u003cfengguang.wu@intel.com\u003e\nReviewed-by: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nReviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: Christoph Lameter \u003ccl@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nCc: \u003cstable@kernel.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "6837765963f1723e80ca97b1fae660f3a60d77df", "tree": "a9a6ed4b7e3bf188966da78b04bf39298f24375a", "parents": [ "bce7394a3ef82b8477952fbab838e4a6e8cb47d2" ], "author": { "name": "KOSAKI Motohiro", "email": "kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com", "time": "Tue Jun 16 15:32:51 2009 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Tue Jun 16 19:47:42 2009 -0700" }, "message": "mm: remove CONFIG_UNEVICTABLE_LRU config option\n\nCurrently, nobody wants to turn UNEVICTABLE_LRU off. Thus this\nconfigurability is unnecessary.\n\nSigned-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: Johannes Weiner \u003channes@cmpxchg.org\u003e\nCc: Andi Kleen \u003candi@firstfloor.org\u003e\nAcked-by: Minchan Kim \u003cminchan.kim@gmail.com\u003e\nCc: David Woodhouse \u003cdwmw2@infradead.org\u003e\nCc: Matt Mackall \u003cmpm@selenic.com\u003e\nCc: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Lee Schermerhorn \u003clee.schermerhorn@hp.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "20a0307c0396c2edb651401d2f2db193dda2f3c9", "tree": "408fde4bf84223757f5dd150e401e8d9d9df5d36", "parents": [ "a1dd268cf6306565a31a48deff8bf4f6b4b105f7" ], "author": { "name": "Wu Fengguang", "email": "fengguang.wu@intel.com", "time": "Tue Jun 16 15:32:22 2009 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Tue Jun 16 19:47:36 2009 -0700" }, "message": "mm: introduce PageHuge() for testing huge/gigantic pages\n\nA series of patches to enhance the /proc/pagemap interface and to add a\nuserspace executable which can be used to present the pagemap data.\n\nExport 10 more flags to end users (and more for kernel developers):\n\n 11. KPF_MMAP (pseudo flag) memory mapped page\n 12. KPF_ANON (pseudo flag) memory mapped page (anonymous)\n 13. KPF_SWAPCACHE page is in swap cache\n 14. KPF_SWAPBACKED page is swap/RAM backed\n 15. KPF_COMPOUND_HEAD (*)\n 16. KPF_COMPOUND_TAIL (*)\n 17. KPF_HUGE\t\thugeTLB pages\n 18. KPF_UNEVICTABLE page is in the unevictable LRU list\n 19. KPF_HWPOISON hardware detected corruption\n 20. KPF_NOPAGE (pseudo flag) no page frame at the address\n\n (*) For compound pages, exporting _both_ head/tail info enables\n users to tell where a compound page starts/ends, and its order.\n\na simple demo of the page-types tool\n\n# ./page-types -h\npage-types [options]\n -r|--raw Raw mode, for kernel developers\n -a|--addr addr-spec Walk a range of pages\n -b|--bits bits-spec Walk pages with specified bits\n -l|--list Show page details in ranges\n -L|--list-each Show page details one by one\n -N|--no-summary Don\u0027t show summay info\n -h|--help Show this usage message\naddr-spec:\n N one page at offset N (unit: pages)\n N+M pages range from N to N+M-1\n N,M pages range from N to M-1\n N, pages range from N to end\n ,M pages range from 0 to M\nbits-spec:\n bit1,bit2 (flags \u0026 (bit1|bit2)) !\u003d 0\n bit1,bit2\u003dbit1 (flags \u0026 (bit1|bit2)) \u003d\u003d bit1\n bit1,~bit2 (flags \u0026 (bit1|bit2)) \u003d\u003d bit1\n \u003dbit1,bit2 flags \u003d\u003d (bit1|bit2)\nbit-names:\n locked error referenced uptodate\n dirty lru active slab\n writeback reclaim buddy mmap\n anonymous swapcache swapbacked compound_head\n compound_tail huge unevictable hwpoison\n nopage reserved(r) mlocked(r) mappedtodisk(r)\n private(r) private_2(r) owner_private(r) arch(r)\n uncached(r) readahead(o) slob_free(o) slub_frozen(o)\n slub_debug(o)\n (r) raw mode bits (o) overloaded bits\n\n# ./page-types\n flags page-count MB symbolic-flags long-symbolic-flags\n0x0000000000000000 487369 1903 _________________________________\n0x0000000000000014 5 0 __R_D____________________________ referenced,dirty\n0x0000000000000020 1 0 _____l___________________________ lru\n0x0000000000000024 34 0 __R__l___________________________ referenced,lru\n0x0000000000000028 3838 14 ___U_l___________________________ uptodate,lru\n0x0001000000000028 48 0 ___U_l_______________________I___ uptodate,lru,readahead\n0x000000000000002c 6478 25 __RU_l___________________________ referenced,uptodate,lru\n0x000100000000002c 47 0 __RU_l_______________________I___ referenced,uptodate,lru,readahead\n0x0000000000000040 8344 32 ______A__________________________ active\n0x0000000000000060 1 0 _____lA__________________________ lru,active\n0x0000000000000068 348 1 ___U_lA__________________________ uptodate,lru,active\n0x0001000000000068 12 0 ___U_lA______________________I___ uptodate,lru,active,readahead\n0x000000000000006c 988 3 __RU_lA__________________________ referenced,uptodate,lru,active\n0x000100000000006c 48 0 __RU_lA______________________I___ referenced,uptodate,lru,active,readahead\n0x0000000000004078 1 0 ___UDlA_______b__________________ uptodate,dirty,lru,active,swapbacked\n0x000000000000407c 34 0 __RUDlA_______b__________________ referenced,uptodate,dirty,lru,active,swapbacked\n0x0000000000000400 503 1 __________B______________________ buddy\n0x0000000000000804 1 0 __R________M_____________________ referenced,mmap\n0x0000000000000828 1029 4 ___U_l_____M_____________________ uptodate,lru,mmap\n0x0001000000000828 43 0 ___U_l_____M_________________I___ uptodate,lru,mmap,readahead\n0x000000000000082c 382 1 __RU_l_____M_____________________ referenced,uptodate,lru,mmap\n0x000100000000082c 12 0 __RU_l_____M_________________I___ referenced,uptodate,lru,mmap,readahead\n0x0000000000000868 192 0 ___U_lA____M_____________________ uptodate,lru,active,mmap\n0x0001000000000868 12 0 ___U_lA____M_________________I___ uptodate,lru,active,mmap,readahead\n0x000000000000086c 800 3 __RU_lA____M_____________________ referenced,uptodate,lru,active,mmap\n0x000100000000086c 31 0 __RU_lA____M_________________I___ referenced,uptodate,lru,active,mmap,readahead\n0x0000000000004878 2 0 ___UDlA____M__b__________________ uptodate,dirty,lru,active,mmap,swapbacked\n0x0000000000001000 492 1 ____________a____________________ anonymous\n0x0000000000005808 4 0 ___U_______Ma_b__________________ uptodate,mmap,anonymous,swapbacked\n0x0000000000005868 2839 11 ___U_lA____Ma_b__________________ uptodate,lru,active,mmap,anonymous,swapbacked\n0x000000000000586c 30 0 __RU_lA____Ma_b__________________ referenced,uptodate,lru,active,mmap,anonymous,swapbacked\n total 513968 2007\n\n# ./page-types -r\n flags page-count MB symbolic-flags long-symbolic-flags\n0x0000000000000000 468002 1828 _________________________________\n0x0000000100000000 19102 74 _____________________r___________ reserved\n0x0000000000008000 41 0 _______________H_________________ compound_head\n0x0000000000010000 188 0 ________________T________________ compound_tail\n0x0000000000008014 1 0 __R_D__________H_________________ referenced,dirty,compound_head\n0x0000000000010014 4 0 __R_D___________T________________ referenced,dirty,compound_tail\n0x0000000000000020 1 0 _____l___________________________ lru\n0x0000000800000024 34 0 __R__l__________________P________ referenced,lru,private\n0x0000000000000028 3794 14 ___U_l___________________________ uptodate,lru\n0x0001000000000028 46 0 ___U_l_______________________I___ uptodate,lru,readahead\n0x0000000400000028 44 0 ___U_l_________________d_________ uptodate,lru,mappedtodisk\n0x0001000400000028 2 0 ___U_l_________________d_____I___ uptodate,lru,mappedtodisk,readahead\n0x000000000000002c 6434 25 __RU_l___________________________ referenced,uptodate,lru\n0x000100000000002c 47 0 __RU_l_______________________I___ referenced,uptodate,lru,readahead\n0x000000040000002c 14 0 __RU_l_________________d_________ referenced,uptodate,lru,mappedtodisk\n0x000000080000002c 30 0 __RU_l__________________P________ referenced,uptodate,lru,private\n0x0000000800000040 8124 31 ______A_________________P________ active,private\n0x0000000000000040 219 0 ______A__________________________ active\n0x0000000800000060 1 0 _____lA_________________P________ lru,active,private\n0x0000000000000068 322 1 ___U_lA__________________________ uptodate,lru,active\n0x0001000000000068 12 0 ___U_lA______________________I___ uptodate,lru,active,readahead\n0x0000000400000068 13 0 ___U_lA________________d_________ uptodate,lru,active,mappedtodisk\n0x0000000800000068 12 0 ___U_lA_________________P________ uptodate,lru,active,private\n0x000000000000006c 977 3 __RU_lA__________________________ referenced,uptodate,lru,active\n0x000100000000006c 48 0 __RU_lA______________________I___ referenced,uptodate,lru,active,readahead\n0x000000040000006c 5 0 __RU_lA________________d_________ referenced,uptodate,lru,active,mappedtodisk\n0x000000080000006c 3 0 __RU_lA_________________P________ referenced,uptodate,lru,active,private\n0x0000000c0000006c 3 0 __RU_lA________________dP________ referenced,uptodate,lru,active,mappedtodisk,private\n0x0000000c00000068 1 0 ___U_lA________________dP________ uptodate,lru,active,mappedtodisk,private\n0x0000000000004078 1 0 ___UDlA_______b__________________ uptodate,dirty,lru,active,swapbacked\n0x000000000000407c 34 0 __RUDlA_______b__________________ referenced,uptodate,dirty,lru,active,swapbacked\n0x0000000000000400 538 2 __________B______________________ buddy\n0x0000000000000804 1 0 __R________M_____________________ referenced,mmap\n0x0000000000000828 1029 4 ___U_l_____M_____________________ uptodate,lru,mmap\n0x0001000000000828 43 0 ___U_l_____M_________________I___ uptodate,lru,mmap,readahead\n0x000000000000082c 382 1 __RU_l_____M_____________________ referenced,uptodate,lru,mmap\n0x000100000000082c 12 0 __RU_l_____M_________________I___ referenced,uptodate,lru,mmap,readahead\n0x0000000000000868 192 0 ___U_lA____M_____________________ uptodate,lru,active,mmap\n0x0001000000000868 12 0 ___U_lA____M_________________I___ uptodate,lru,active,mmap,readahead\n0x000000000000086c 800 3 __RU_lA____M_____________________ referenced,uptodate,lru,active,mmap\n0x000100000000086c 31 0 __RU_lA____M_________________I___ referenced,uptodate,lru,active,mmap,readahead\n0x0000000000004878 2 0 ___UDlA____M__b__________________ uptodate,dirty,lru,active,mmap,swapbacked\n0x0000000000001000 492 1 ____________a____________________ anonymous\n0x0000000000005008 2 0 ___U________a_b__________________ uptodate,anonymous,swapbacked\n0x0000000000005808 4 0 ___U_______Ma_b__________________ uptodate,mmap,anonymous,swapbacked\n0x000000000000580c 1 0 __RU_______Ma_b__________________ referenced,uptodate,mmap,anonymous,swapbacked\n0x0000000000005868 2839 11 ___U_lA____Ma_b__________________ uptodate,lru,active,mmap,anonymous,swapbacked\n0x000000000000586c 29 0 __RU_lA____Ma_b__________________ referenced,uptodate,lru,active,mmap,anonymous,swapbacked\n total 513968 2007\n\n# ./page-types --raw --list --no-summary --bits reserved\noffset count flags\n0 15 _____________________r___________\n31 4 _____________________r___________\n159 97 _____________________r___________\n4096 2067 _____________________r___________\n6752 2390 _____________________r___________\n9355 3 _____________________r___________\n9728 14526 _____________________r___________\n\nThis patch:\n\nIntroduce PageHuge(), which identifies huge/gigantic pages by their\ndedicated compound destructor functions.\n\nAlso move prep_compound_gigantic_page() to hugetlb.c and make\n__free_pages_ok() non-static.\n\nSigned-off-by: Wu Fengguang \u003cfengguang.wu@intel.com\u003e\nCc: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: Andi Kleen \u003candi@firstfloor.org\u003e\nCc: Matt Mackall \u003cmpm@selenic.com\u003e\nCc: Alexey Dobriyan \u003cadobriyan@gmail.com\u003e\nCc: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "092cead6175bb1b3d3078a34ba71c939d526c70b", "tree": "84dfeda6c7ca85b6d68710c824e1ce59db16cc3b", "parents": [ "b6e68bc1baed9b6972a250aba66b8c5276cf6fb1" ], "author": { "name": "KOSAKI Motohiro", "email": "kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com", "time": "Tue Jun 16 15:32:17 2009 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Tue Jun 16 19:47:35 2009 -0700" }, "message": "page allocator: move free_page_mlock() to page_alloc.c\n\nCurrently, free_page_mlock() is only called from page_alloc.c. Thus, we\ncan move it to page_alloc.c.\n\nCc: Lee Schermerhorn \u003cLee.Schermerhorn@hp.com\u003e\nCc: Mel Gorman \u003cmel@csn.ul.ie\u003e\nCc: Christoph Lameter \u003ccl@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nCc: Pekka Enberg \u003cpenberg@cs.helsinki.fi\u003e\nCc: Dave Hansen \u003cdave@linux.vnet.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "da456f14d2f2d7350f2b9440af79c85a34c7eed5", "tree": "fb857a24a561153e25e91a2ad55fa4123f8b152c", "parents": [ "ed0ae21dc5fe3b9ad4cf1c7bb2bfd2ad596c481c" ], "author": { "name": "Mel Gorman", "email": "mel@csn.ul.ie", "time": "Tue Jun 16 15:32:08 2009 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Tue Jun 16 19:47:34 2009 -0700" }, "message": "page allocator: do not disable interrupts in free_page_mlock()\n\nfree_page_mlock() tests and clears PG_mlocked using locked versions of the\nbit operations. If set, it disables interrupts to update counters and\nthis happens on every page free even though interrupts are disabled very\nshortly afterwards a second time. This is wasteful.\n\nThis patch splits what free_page_mlock() does. The bit check is still\nmade. However, the update of counters is delayed until the interrupts are\ndisabled and the non-lock version for clearing the bit is used. One\npotential weirdness with this split is that the counters do not get\nupdated if the bad_page() check is triggered but a system showing bad\npages is getting screwed already.\n\nSigned-off-by: Mel Gorman \u003cmel@csn.ul.ie\u003e\nReviewed-by: Christoph Lameter \u003ccl@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nReviewed-by: Pekka Enberg \u003cpenberg@cs.helsinki.fi\u003e\nReviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: Peter Zijlstra \u003ca.p.zijlstra@chello.nl\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnickpiggin@yahoo.com.au\u003e\nCc: Dave Hansen \u003cdave@linux.vnet.ibm.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Lee Schermerhorn \u003cLee.Schermerhorn@hp.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "33925b25d2c00a29664f1994ab350a9bff70f7a2", "tree": "fe1a0ef5cceba27664eae8f38f9e4e2a27bf1b36", "parents": [ "7ca43e7564679604d86e9ed834e7bbcffd8a4a3f" ], "author": { "name": "David Howells", "email": "dhowells@redhat.com", "time": "Tue Mar 31 15:23:26 2009 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Wed Apr 01 08:59:14 2009 -0700" }, "message": "nommu: there is no mlock() for NOMMU, so don\u0027t provide the bits\n\nThe mlock() facility does not exist for NOMMU since all mappings are\neffectively locked anyway, so we don\u0027t make the bits available when\nthey\u0027re not useful.\n\nSigned-off-by: David Howells \u003cdhowells@redhat.com\u003e\nReviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: Peter Zijlstra \u003ca.p.zijlstra@chello.nl\u003e\nCc: Greg Ungerer \u003cgerg@snapgear.com\u003e\nCc: Johannes Weiner \u003channes@cmpxchg.org\u003e\nCc: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Lee Schermerhorn \u003clee.schermerhorn@hp.com\u003e\nCc: Enrik Berkhan \u003cEnrik.Berkhan@ge.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "4779280d1ea4d361af13ae77ba55217fbcd16d4c", "tree": "1abb35d85f2280aebb9cd565cc223d14b8731203", "parents": [ "91bf189c3a766927694ce9de7d545e96b23f20fc" ], "author": { "name": "Ying Han", "email": "yinghan@google.com", "time": "Tue Jan 06 14:40:18 2009 -0800" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Tue Jan 06 15:59:08 2009 -0800" }, "message": "mm: make get_user_pages() interruptible\n\nThe initial implementation of checking TIF_MEMDIE covers the cases of OOM\nkilling. If the process has been OOM killed, the TIF_MEMDIE is set and it\nreturn immediately. This patch includes:\n\n1. add the case that the SIGKILL is sent by user processes. The\n process can try to get_user_pages() unlimited memory even if a user\n process has sent a SIGKILL to it(maybe a monitor find the process\n exceed its memory limit and try to kill it). In the old\n implementation, the SIGKILL won\u0027t be handled until the get_user_pages()\n returns.\n\n2. change the return value to be ERESTARTSYS. It makes no sense to\n return ENOMEM if the get_user_pages returned by getting a SIGKILL\n signal. Considering the general convention for a system call\n interrupted by a signal is ERESTARTNOSYS, so the current return value\n is consistant to that.\n\nLee:\n\nAn unfortunate side effect of \"make-get_user_pages-interruptible\" is that\nit prevents a SIGKILL\u0027d task from munlock-ing pages that it had mlocked,\nresulting in freeing of mlocked pages. Freeing of mlocked pages, in\nitself, is not so bad. We just count them now--altho\u0027 I had hoped to\nremove this stat and add PG_MLOCKED to the free pages flags check.\n\nHowever, consider pages in shared libraries mapped by more than one task\nthat a task mlocked--e.g., via mlockall(). If the task that mlocked the\npages exits via SIGKILL, these pages would be left mlocked and\nunevictable.\n\nProposed fix:\n\nAdd another GUP flag to ignore sigkill when calling get_user_pages from\nmunlock()--similar to Kosaki Motohiro\u0027s \u0027IGNORE_VMA_PERMISSIONS flag for\nthe same purpose. We are not actually allocating memory in this case,\nwhich \"make-get_user_pages-interruptible\" intends to avoid. We\u0027re just\nmunlocking pages that are already resident and mapped, and we\u0027re reusing\nget_user_pages() to access those pages.\n\n?? Maybe we should combine \u0027IGNORE_VMA_PERMISSIONS and \u0027_IGNORE_SIGKILL\ninto a single flag: GUP_FLAGS_MUNLOCK ???\n\n[Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com: ignore sigkill in get_user_pages during munlock]\nSigned-off-by: Paul Menage \u003cmenage@google.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Ying Han \u003cyinghan@google.com\u003e\nReviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nReviewed-by: Pekka Enberg \u003cpenberg@cs.helsinki.fi\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnickpiggin@yahoo.com.au\u003e\nCc: Hugh Dickins \u003chugh@veritas.com\u003e\nCc: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: Lee Schermerhorn \u003clee.schermerhorn@hp.com\u003e\nCc: Rohit Seth \u003crohitseth@google.com\u003e\nCc: David Rientjes \u003crientjes@google.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn \u003clee.schermerhorn@hp.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "22b31eec63e5f2e219a3ee15f456897272bc73e8", "tree": "906e4975a0e2cdef15ef071b4890e3b28e36cf39", "parents": [ "3dc147414ccad81dc33edb80774b1fed12a38c08" ], "author": { "name": "Hugh Dickins", "email": "hugh@veritas.com", "time": "Tue Jan 06 14:40:09 2009 -0800" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Tue Jan 06 15:59:07 2009 -0800" }, "message": "badpage: vm_normal_page use print_bad_pte\n\nprint_bad_pte() is so far being called only when zap_pte_range() finds\nnegative page_mapcount, or there\u0027s a fault on a pte_file where it does not\nbelong. That\u0027s weak coverage when we suspect pagetable corruption.\n\nOriginally, it was called when vm_normal_page() found an invalid pfn: but\npfn_valid is expensive on some architectures and configurations, so 2.6.24\nput that under CONFIG_DEBUG_VM (which doesn\u0027t help in the field), then\n2.6.26 replaced it by a VM_BUG_ON (likewise).\n\nReinstate the print_bad_pte() in vm_normal_page(), but use a cheaper test\nthan pfn_valid(): memmap_init_zone() (used in bootup and hotplug) keep a\n__read_mostly note of the highest_memmap_pfn, vm_normal_page() then check\npfn against that. We could call this pfn_plausible() or pfn_sane(), but I\ndoubt we\u0027ll need it elsewhere: of course it\u0027s not reliable, but gives much\nstronger pagetable validation on many boxes.\n\nAlso use print_bad_pte() when the pte_special bit is found outside a\nVM_PFNMAP or VM_MIXEDMAP area, instead of VM_BUG_ON.\n\nSigned-off-by: Hugh Dickins \u003chugh@veritas.com\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnickpiggin@yahoo.com.au\u003e\nCc: Christoph Lameter \u003ccl@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nCc: Mel Gorman \u003cmel@csn.ul.ie\u003e\nCc: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "18229df5b613ed0732a766fc37850de2e7988e43", "tree": "ab235f27a5a9d93b8f94773252a1d8f660b9fad1", "parents": [ "69d177c2fc702d402b17fdca2190d5a7e3ca55c5" ], "author": { "name": "Andy Whitcroft", "email": "apw@shadowen.org", "time": "Thu Nov 06 12:53:27 2008 -0800" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Thu Nov 06 15:41:18 2008 -0800" }, "message": "hugetlb: pull gigantic page initialisation out of the default path\n\nAs we can determine exactly when a gigantic page is in use we can optimise\nthe common regular page cases by pulling out gigantic page initialisation\ninto its own function. As gigantic pages are never released to buddy we\ndo not need a destructor. This effectivly reverts the previous change to\nthe main buddy allocator. It also adds a paranoid check to ensure we\nnever release gigantic pages from hugetlbfs to the main buddy.\n\nSigned-off-by: Andy Whitcroft \u003capw@shadowen.org\u003e\nCc: Jon Tollefson \u003ckniht@linux.vnet.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Mel Gorman \u003cmel@csn.ul.ie\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnickpiggin@yahoo.com.au\u003e\nCc: Christoph Lameter \u003ccl@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nCc: \u003cstable@kernel.org\u003e\t\t[2.6.27.x]\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "69d177c2fc702d402b17fdca2190d5a7e3ca55c5", "tree": "2040e0a84b7c07c29ac6fb6e51e125de52256f5d", "parents": [ "22bece00dc1f28dd3374c55e464c9f02eb642876" ], "author": { "name": "Andy Whitcroft", "email": "apw@shadowen.org", "time": "Thu Nov 06 12:53:26 2008 -0800" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Thu Nov 06 15:41:18 2008 -0800" }, "message": "hugetlbfs: handle pages higher order than MAX_ORDER\n\nWhen working with hugepages, hugetlbfs assumes that those hugepages are\nsmaller than MAX_ORDER. Specifically it assumes that the mem_map is\ncontigious and uses that to optimise access to the elements of the mem_map\nthat represent the hugepage. Gigantic pages (such as 16GB pages on\npowerpc) by definition are of greater order than MAX_ORDER (larger than\nMAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES in size). This means that we can no longer make use of\nthe buddy alloctor guarentees for the contiguity of the mem_map, which\nensures that the mem_map is at least contigious for maximmally aligned\nareas of MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES pages.\n\nThis patch adds new mem_map accessors and iterator helpers which handle\nany discontiguity at MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES boundaries. It then uses these to\nimplement gigantic page versions of copy_huge_page and clear_huge_page,\nand to allow follow_hugetlb_page handle gigantic pages.\n\nSigned-off-by: Andy Whitcroft \u003capw@shadowen.org\u003e\nCc: Jon Tollefson \u003ckniht@linux.vnet.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Mel Gorman \u003cmel@csn.ul.ie\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnickpiggin@yahoo.com.au\u003e\nCc: Christoph Lameter \u003ccl@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nCc: \u003cstable@kernel.org\u003e\t\t[2.6.27.x]\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "985737cf2ea096ea946aed82c7484d40defc71a8", "tree": "b96dc3b8c28f743857a7a1fff25472d6e0f60120", "parents": [ "af936a1606246a10c145feac3770f6287f483f02" ], "author": { "name": "Lee Schermerhorn", "email": "lee.schermerhorn@hp.com", "time": "Sat Oct 18 20:26:53 2008 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Mon Oct 20 08:52:31 2008 -0700" }, "message": "mlock: count attempts to free mlocked page\n\nAllow free of mlock()ed pages. This shouldn\u0027t happen, but during\ndevelopement, it occasionally did.\n\nThis patch allows us to survive that condition, while keeping the\nstatistics and events correct for debug.\n\nSigned-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn \u003clee.schermerhorn@hp.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "5344b7e648980cc2ca613ec03a56a8222ff48820", "tree": "f9f8773ae8e38fb91aec52ca9ad2bd81f039b565", "parents": [ "ba470de43188cdbff795b5da43a1474523c6c2fb" ], "author": { "name": "Nick Piggin", "email": "npiggin@suse.de", "time": "Sat Oct 18 20:26:51 2008 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Mon Oct 20 08:52:31 2008 -0700" }, "message": "vmstat: mlocked pages statistics\n\nAdd NR_MLOCK zone page state, which provides a (conservative) count of\nmlocked pages (actually, the number of mlocked pages moved off the LRU).\n\nReworked by lts to fit in with the modified mlock page support in the\nReclaim Scalability series.\n\n[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: fix incorrect Mlocked field of /proc/meminfo]\n[lee.schermerhorn@hp.com: mlocked-pages: add event counting with statistics]\nSigned-off-by: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn \u003clee.schermerhorn@hp.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "ba470de43188cdbff795b5da43a1474523c6c2fb", "tree": "0477460fa8c3e61edd9f1534cd2193656e586f8b", "parents": [ "8edb08caf68184fb170f4f69c7445929e199eaea" ], "author": { "name": "Rik van Riel", "email": "riel@redhat.com", "time": "Sat Oct 18 20:26:50 2008 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Mon Oct 20 08:52:31 2008 -0700" }, "message": "mmap: handle mlocked pages during map, remap, unmap\n\nOriginally by Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\n\nRemove mlocked pages from the LRU using \"unevictable infrastructure\"\nduring mmap(), munmap(), mremap() and truncate(). Try to move back to\nnormal LRU lists on munmap() when last mlocked mapping removed. Remove\nPageMlocked() status when page truncated from file.\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: cleanup]\n[kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com: fix double unlock_page()]\n[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: split LRU: munlock rework]\n[lee.schermerhorn@hp.com: mlock: fix __mlock_vma_pages_range comment block]\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove bogus kerneldoc token]\nSigned-off-by: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn \u003clee.schermerhorn@hp.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki \u003ckamewzawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "b291f000393f5a0b679012b39d79fbc85c018233", "tree": "28eb785d4d157d3396e4377294e6054635a4bd90", "parents": [ "89e004ea55abe201b29e2d6e35124101f1288ef7" ], "author": { "name": "Nick Piggin", "email": "npiggin@suse.de", "time": "Sat Oct 18 20:26:44 2008 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Mon Oct 20 08:52:30 2008 -0700" }, "message": "mlock: mlocked pages are unevictable\n\nMake sure that mlocked pages also live on the unevictable LRU, so kswapd\nwill not scan them over and over again.\n\nThis is achieved through various strategies:\n\n1) add yet another page flag--PG_mlocked--to indicate that\n the page is locked for efficient testing in vmscan and,\n optionally, fault path. This allows early culling of\n unevictable pages, preventing them from getting to\n page_referenced()/try_to_unmap(). Also allows separate\n accounting of mlock\u0027d pages, as Nick\u0027s original patch\n did.\n\n Note: Nick\u0027s original mlock patch used a PG_mlocked\n flag. I had removed this in favor of the PG_unevictable\n flag + an mlock_count [new page struct member]. I\n restored the PG_mlocked flag to eliminate the new\n count field.\n\n2) add the mlock/unevictable infrastructure to mm/mlock.c,\n with internal APIs in mm/internal.h. This is a rework\n of Nick\u0027s original patch to these files, taking into\n account that mlocked pages are now kept on unevictable\n LRU list.\n\n3) update vmscan.c:page_evictable() to check PageMlocked()\n and, if vma passed in, the vm_flags. Note that the vma\n will only be passed in for new pages in the fault path;\n and then only if the \"cull unevictable pages in fault\n path\" patch is included.\n\n4) add try_to_unlock() to rmap.c to walk a page\u0027s rmap and\n ClearPageMlocked() if no other vmas have it mlocked.\n Reuses as much of try_to_unmap() as possible. This\n effectively replaces the use of one of the lru list links\n as an mlock count. If this mechanism let\u0027s pages in mlocked\n vmas leak through w/o PG_mlocked set [I don\u0027t know that it\n does], we should catch them later in try_to_unmap(). One\n hopes this will be rare, as it will be relatively expensive.\n\nOriginal mm/internal.h, mm/rmap.c and mm/mlock.c changes:\nSigned-off-by: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\n\nsplitlru: introduce __get_user_pages():\n\n New munlock processing need to GUP_FLAGS_IGNORE_VMA_PERMISSIONS.\n because current get_user_pages() can\u0027t grab PROT_NONE pages theresore it\n cause PROT_NONE pages can\u0027t munlock.\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix this for pagemap-pass-mm-into-pagewalkers.patch]\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: untangle patch interdependencies]\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix things after out-of-order merging]\n[hugh@veritas.com: fix page-flags mess]\n[lee.schermerhorn@hp.com: fix munlock page table walk - now requires \u0027mm\u0027]\n[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: build fix]\n[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: fix truncate race and sevaral comments]\n[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: splitlru: introduce __get_user_pages()]\nSigned-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn \u003clee.schermerhorn@hp.com\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nCc: Dave Hansen \u003cdave@linux.vnet.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Matt Mackall \u003cmpm@selenic.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Hugh Dickins \u003chugh@veritas.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "894bc310419ac95f4fa4142dc364401a7e607f65", "tree": "15d56a7333b41620016b845d2323dd06e822b621", "parents": [ "8a7a8544a4f6554ec2d8048ac9f9672f442db5a2" ], "author": { "name": "Lee Schermerhorn", "email": "Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com", "time": "Sat Oct 18 20:26:39 2008 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Mon Oct 20 08:50:26 2008 -0700" }, "message": "Unevictable LRU Infrastructure\n\nWhen the system contains lots of mlocked or otherwise unevictable pages,\nthe pageout code (kswapd) can spend lots of time scanning over these\npages. Worse still, the presence of lots of unevictable pages can confuse\nkswapd into thinking that more aggressive pageout modes are required,\nresulting in all kinds of bad behaviour.\n\nInfrastructure to manage pages excluded from reclaim--i.e., hidden from\nvmscan. Based on a patch by Larry Woodman of Red Hat. Reworked to\nmaintain \"unevictable\" pages on a separate per-zone LRU list, to \"hide\"\nthem from vmscan.\n\nKosaki Motohiro added the support for the memory controller unevictable\nlru list.\n\nPages on the unevictable list have both PG_unevictable and PG_lru set.\nThus, PG_unevictable is analogous to and mutually exclusive with\nPG_active--it specifies which LRU list the page is on.\n\nThe unevictable infrastructure is enabled by a new mm Kconfig option\n[CONFIG_]UNEVICTABLE_LRU.\n\nA new function \u0027page_evictable(page, vma)\u0027 in vmscan.c tests whether or\nnot a page may be evictable. Subsequent patches will add the various\n!evictable tests. We\u0027ll want to keep these tests light-weight for use in\nshrink_active_list() and, possibly, the fault path.\n\nTo avoid races between tasks putting pages [back] onto an LRU list and\ntasks that might be moving the page from non-evictable to evictable state,\nthe new function \u0027putback_lru_page()\u0027 -- inverse to \u0027isolate_lru_page()\u0027\n-- tests the \"evictability\" of a page after placing it on the LRU, before\ndropping the reference. If the page has become unevictable,\nputback_lru_page() will redo the \u0027putback\u0027, thus moving the page to the\nunevictable list. This way, we avoid \"stranding\" evictable pages on the\nunevictable list.\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix fallout from out-of-order merge]\n[riel@redhat.com: fix UNEVICTABLE_LRU and !PROC_PAGE_MONITOR build]\n[nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp: remove redundant mapping check]\n[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: unevictable-lru-infrastructure: putback_lru_page()/unevictable page handling rework]\n[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: kill unnecessary lock_page() in vmscan.c]\n[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: revert migration change of unevictable lru infrastructure]\n[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: revert to unevictable-lru-infrastructure-kconfig-fix.patch]\n[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: restore patch failure of vmstat-unevictable-and-mlocked-pages-vm-events.patch]\nSigned-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn \u003clee.schermerhorn@hp.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nDebugged-by: Benjamin Kidwell \u003cbenjkidwell@yahoo.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Daisuke Nishimura \u003cnishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp\u003e\nSigned-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki \u003ckamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "62695a84eb8f2e718bf4dfb21700afaa7a08e0ea", "tree": "0af7bac599748a7e462bff16d70c702c9e33a2fb", "parents": [ "71088785c6bc68fddb450063d57b1bd1c78e0ea1" ], "author": { "name": "Nick Piggin", "email": "npiggin@suse.de", "time": "Sat Oct 18 20:26:09 2008 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Mon Oct 20 08:50:25 2008 -0700" }, "message": "vmscan: move isolate_lru_page() to vmscan.c\n\nOn large memory systems, the VM can spend way too much time scanning\nthrough pages that it cannot (or should not) evict from memory. Not only\ndoes it use up CPU time, but it also provokes lock contention and can\nleave large systems under memory presure in a catatonic state.\n\nThis patch series improves VM scalability by:\n\n1) putting filesystem backed, swap backed and unevictable pages\n onto their own LRUs, so the system only scans the pages that it\n can/should evict from memory\n\n2) switching to two handed clock replacement for the anonymous LRUs,\n so the number of pages that need to be scanned when the system\n starts swapping is bound to a reasonable number\n\n3) keeping unevictable pages off the LRU completely, so the\n VM does not waste CPU time scanning them. ramfs, ramdisk,\n SHM_LOCKED shared memory segments and mlock()ed VMA pages\n are keept on the unevictable list.\n\nThis patch:\n\nisolate_lru_page logically belongs to be in vmscan.c than migrate.c.\n\nIt is tough, because we don\u0027t need that function without memory migration\nso there is a valid argument to have it in migrate.c. However a\nsubsequent patch needs to make use of it in the core mm, so we can happily\nmove it to vmscan.c.\n\nAlso, make the function a little more generic by not requiring that it\nadds an isolated page to a given list. Callers can do that.\n\n\tNote that we now have \u0027__isolate_lru_page()\u0027, that does\n\tsomething quite different, visible outside of vmscan.c\n\tfor use with memory controller. Methinks we need to\n\trationalize these names/purposes.\t--lts\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix mm/memory_hotplug.c build]\nSigned-off-by: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn \u003cLee.Schermerhorn@hp.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "01ad1c0827db5b3695c53e296dbb2c1da16a0911", "tree": "80c46c00832094f2413ad97b8e1953018a71cc68", "parents": [ "b54bbf7b81170f03597c17dd0b559e3006bc9868" ], "author": { "name": "Andi Kleen", "email": "ak@suse.de", "time": "Wed Jul 23 21:27:46 2008 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Thu Jul 24 10:47:17 2008 -0700" }, "message": "mm: export prep_compound_page to mm\n\nhugetlb will need to get compound pages from bootmem to handle the case of\nthem being greater than or equal to MAX_ORDER. Export the constructor\nfunction needed for this.\n\nAcked-by: Adam Litke \u003cagl@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andi Kleen \u003cak@suse.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "42b7772812d15b86543a23b82bd6070eef9a08b1", "tree": "10665ee01fe82ce17c68a6278d044531b1ed64c0", "parents": [ "a352894d07059649398c4769dc8b645e1a1dad88" ], "author": { "name": "Jan Beulich", "email": "jbeulich@novell.com", "time": "Wed Jul 23 21:27:10 2008 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Thu Jul 24 10:47:15 2008 -0700" }, "message": "mm: remove double indirection on tlb parameter to free_pgd_range() \u0026 Co\n\nThe double indirection here is not needed anywhere and hence (at least)\nconfusing.\n\nSigned-off-by: Jan Beulich \u003cjbeulich@novell.com\u003e\nCc: Hugh Dickins \u003chugh@veritas.com\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nCc: Christoph Lameter \u003ccl@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nCc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt \u003cbenh@kernel.crashing.org\u003e\nCc: Paul Mackerras \u003cpaulus@samba.org\u003e\nCc: \"Luck, Tony\" \u003ctony.luck@intel.com\u003e\nCc: Paul Mundt \u003clethal@linux-sh.org\u003e\nCc: \"David S. Miller\" \u003cdavem@davemloft.net\u003e\nAcked-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge \u003cjeremy@goop.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "68ad8df42e12037c3894c9706ab428bf5cd6426b", "tree": "42999fc8e3cbf400b6133f832f310690f8f28b76", "parents": [ "2dbb51c49f4fecb8330e43247a0edfbc4b2b8974" ], "author": { "name": "Mel Gorman", "email": "mel@csn.ul.ie", "time": "Wed Jul 23 21:26:52 2008 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Thu Jul 24 10:47:14 2008 -0700" }, "message": "mm: print out the zonelists on request for manual verification\n\nThis patch prints out the zonelists during boot for manual verification by the\nuser if the mminit_loglevel is MMINIT_VERIFY or higher.\n\nSigned-off-by: Mel Gorman \u003cmel@csn.ul.ie\u003e\nCc: Christoph Lameter \u003ccl@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nCc: Andy Whitcroft \u003capw@shadowen.org\u003e\nCc: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "2dbb51c49f4fecb8330e43247a0edfbc4b2b8974", "tree": "507f06335dd1e66144f176e8e863743895e43d79", "parents": [ "708614e6180f398cd307ea0048d48ba6fa274610" ], "author": { "name": "Mel Gorman", "email": "mel@csn.ul.ie", "time": "Wed Jul 23 21:26:52 2008 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Thu Jul 24 10:47:13 2008 -0700" }, "message": "mm: make defensive checks around PFN values registered for memory usage\n\nThere are a number of different views to how much memory is currently active.\nThere is the arch-independent zone-sizing view, the bootmem allocator and\nmemory models view.\n\nArchitectures register this information at different times and is not\nnecessarily in sync particularly with respect to some SPARSEMEM limitations.\n\nThis patch introduces mminit_validate_memmodel_limits() which is able to\nvalidate and correct PFN ranges with respect to the memory model. It is only\nSPARSEMEM that currently validates itself.\n\nSigned-off-by: Mel Gorman \u003cmel@csn.ul.ie\u003e\nCc: Christoph Lameter \u003ccl@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nCc: Andy Whitcroft \u003capw@shadowen.org\u003e\nCc: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "708614e6180f398cd307ea0048d48ba6fa274610", "tree": "8fedf22cf9a2f404e2aef10c5b3858b99880c4c2", "parents": [ "6b74ab97bc12ce74acec900f1d89a4aee2e4d70d" ], "author": { "name": "Mel Gorman", "email": "mel@csn.ul.ie", "time": "Wed Jul 23 21:26:51 2008 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Thu Jul 24 10:47:13 2008 -0700" }, "message": "mm: verify the page links and memory model\n\nPrint out information on how the page flags are being used if mminit_loglevel\nis MMINIT_VERIFY or higher and unconditionally performs sanity checks on the\nflags regardless of loglevel.\n\nWhen the page flags are updated with section, node and zone information, a\ncheck are made to ensure the values can be retrieved correctly. Finally we\nconfirm that pfn_to_page and page_to_pfn are the correct inverse functions.\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix printk warnings]\nSigned-off-by: Mel Gorman \u003cmel@csn.ul.ie\u003e\nCc: Christoph Lameter \u003ccl@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nCc: Andy Whitcroft \u003capw@shadowen.org\u003e\nCc: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "6b74ab97bc12ce74acec900f1d89a4aee2e4d70d", "tree": "d9d7b522a4a8f5f605d2e0f7f7a1bcb9d5049a82", "parents": [ "9483a578df27fe7603605d565eefe039c1ba5845" ], "author": { "name": "Mel Gorman", "email": "mel@csn.ul.ie", "time": "Wed Jul 23 21:26:49 2008 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Thu Jul 24 10:47:13 2008 -0700" }, "message": "mm: add a basic debugging framework for memory initialisation\n\nBoot initialisation is very complex, with significant numbers of\narchitecture-specific routines, hooks and code ordering. While significant\namounts of the initialisation is architecture-independent, it trusts the data\nreceived from the architecture layer. This is a mistake, and has resulted in\na number of difficult-to-diagnose bugs.\n\nThis patchset adds some validation and tracing to memory initialisation. It\nalso introduces a few basic defensive measures. The validation code can be\nexplicitly disabled for embedded systems.\n\nThis patch:\n\nAdd additional debugging and verification code for memory initialisation.\n\nOnce enabled, the verification checks are always run and when required\nadditional debugging information may be outputted via a mminit_loglevel\u003d\ncommand-line parameter.\n\nThe verification code is placed in a new file mm/mm_init.c. Ideally other mm\ninitialisation code will be moved here over time.\n\nSigned-off-by: Mel Gorman \u003cmel@csn.ul.ie\u003e\nCc: Christoph Lameter \u003ccl@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nCc: Andy Whitcroft \u003capw@shadowen.org\u003e\nCc: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "0c0a4a517a31e05efb38304668198a873bfec6ca", "tree": "3d02fe9dbf160cd5d328c1e2cf4b40ce37426c5f", "parents": [ "86f6dae1377523689bd8468fed2f2dd180fc0560" ], "author": { "name": "Yasunori Goto", "email": "y-goto@jp.fujitsu.com", "time": "Mon Apr 28 02:13:34 2008 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org", "time": "Mon Apr 28 08:58:26 2008 -0700" }, "message": "memory hotplug: free memmaps allocated by bootmem\n\nThis patch is to free memmaps which is allocated by bootmem.\n\nFreeing usemap is not necessary. The pages of usemap may be necessary for\nother sections.\n\nIf removing section is last section on the node, its section is the final user\nof usemap page. (usemaps are allocated on its section by previous patch.) But\nit shouldn\u0027t be freed too, because the section must be logical offline state\nwhich all pages are isolated against page allocater. If it is freed, page\nalloctor may use it which will be removed physically soon. It will be\ndisaster. So, this patch keeps it as it is.\n\nSigned-off-by: Yasunori Goto \u003cy-goto@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: Badari Pulavarty \u003cpbadari@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Yinghai Lu \u003cyhlu.kernel@gmail.com\u003e\nCc: Yasunori Goto \u003cy-goto@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "b5a0e011329431b90d315eaf6ca5fdb41df7a117", "tree": "dc0503d0b6ee2d74cdf4e332524b810ccde5050f", "parents": [ "bcdca225bfa016100985e5fc7e51cdc1d68beaa6" ], "author": { "name": "Alexander van Heukelum", "email": "heukelum@mailshack.com", "time": "Sat Feb 23 15:24:06 2008 -0800" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org", "time": "Sat Feb 23 17:13:24 2008 -0800" }, "message": "Solve section mismatch for free_area_init_core.\n\nWARNING: vmlinux.o(.meminit.text+0x649):\nSection mismatch in reference from the\nfunction free_area_init_core() to the function .init.text:setup_usemap()\nThe function __meminit free_area_init_core() references\na function __init setup_usemap().\nIf free_area_init_core is only used by setup_usemap then\nannotate free_area_init_core with a matching annotation.\n\nThe warning is covers this stack of functions in mm/page_alloc.c:\n\nalloc_bootmem_node must be marked __init.\nalloc_bootmem_node is used by setup_usemap, if !SPARSEMEM.\n(usemap_size is only used by setup_usemap, if !SPARSEMEM.)\nsetup_usemap is only used by free_area_init_core.\nfree_area_init_core is only used by free_area_init_node.\n\nfree_area_init_node is used by:\narch/alpha/mm/numa.c: __init paging_init()\narch/arm/mm/init.c: __init bootmem_init_node()\narch/avr32/mm/init.c: __init paging_init()\narch/cris/arch-v10/mm/init.c: __init paging_init()\narch/cris/arch-v32/mm/init.c: __init paging_init()\narch/m32r/mm/discontig.c: __init zone_sizes_init()\narch/m32r/mm/init.c: __init zone_sizes_init()\narch/m68k/mm/motorola.c: __init paging_init()\narch/m68k/mm/sun3mmu.c: __init paging_init()\narch/mips/sgi-ip27/ip27-memory.c: __init paging_init()\narch/parisc/mm/init.c: __init paging_init()\narch/sparc/mm/srmmu.c: __init srmmu_paging_init()\narch/sparc/mm/sun4c.c: __init sun4c_paging_init()\narch/sparc64/mm/init.c: __init paging_init()\nmm/page_alloc.c: __init free_area_init_nodes()\nmm/page_alloc.c: __init free_area_init()\nand\nmm/memory_hotplug.c: hotadd_new_pgdat()\n\nhotadd_new_pgdat can not be an __init function, but:\n\nIt is compiled for MEMORY_HOTPLUG configurations only\nMEMORY_HOTPLUG depends on SPARSEMEM || X86_64_ACPI_NUMA\nX86_64_ACPI_NUMA depends on X86_64\nARCH_FLATMEM_ENABLE depends on X86_32\nARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_ENABLE depends on X86_32\nSo X86_64_ACPI_NUMA implies SPARSEMEM, right?\n\nSo we can mark the stack of functions __init for !SPARSEMEM, but we must mark\nthem __meminit for SPARSEMEM configurations. This is ok, because then the\ncalls to alloc_bootmem_node are also avoided.\n\nCompile-tested on:\nsilly minimal config\ndefconfig x86_32\ndefconfig x86_64\ndefconfig x86_64 -HIBERNATION +MEMORY_HOTPLUG\n\nSigned-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum \u003cheukelum@fastmail.fm\u003e\nReviewed-by: Sam Ravnborg \u003csam@ravnborg.org\u003e\nAcked-by: Geert Uytterhoeven \u003cgeert@linux-m68k.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "ae1276b9349a2fd9c3afb4651e25a77ac03299d9", "tree": "e3bef5a303f308e398caf53ac098b1d4a2a8061f", "parents": [ "920c7a5d0c94b8ce740f1d76fa06422f2a95a757" ], "author": { "name": "Qi Yong", "email": "qiyong@fc-cn.com", "time": "Mon Feb 04 22:29:27 2008 -0800" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org", "time": "Tue Feb 05 09:44:19 2008 -0800" }, "message": "set_page_refcounted() VM_BUG_ON fix\n\nThe current PageTail semantic is that a PageTail page is first a\nPageCompound page. So remove the redundant PageCompound test in\nset_page_refcounted().\n\nSigned-off-by: Qi Yong \u003cqiyong@fc-cn.com\u003e\nCc: Christoph Lameter \u003cclameter@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "920c7a5d0c94b8ce740f1d76fa06422f2a95a757", "tree": "74ab4b9b5a6f4279b9b9d2a463c6700546ba0011", "parents": [ "1e548deb5d1630ca14ba04da04e3b6b3766178c7" ], "author": { "name": "Harvey Harrison", "email": "harvey.harrison@gmail.com", "time": "Mon Feb 04 22:29:26 2008 -0800" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org", "time": "Tue Feb 05 09:44:18 2008 -0800" }, "message": "mm: remove fastcall from mm/\n\nfastcall is always defined to be empty, remove it\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]\nSigned-off-by: Harvey Harrison \u003charvey.harrison@gmail.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "48f13bf3e742fca8aab87f6c39451d03bf5952d4", "tree": "668160019ab157500a90655cf44f798ed3c77893", "parents": [ "ea3061d227816d00717446ac12b853d7ae04b4fe" ], "author": { "name": "Mel Gorman", "email": "mel@csn.ul.ie", "time": "Tue Oct 16 01:26:10 2007 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org", "time": "Tue Oct 16 09:43:01 2007 -0700" }, "message": "Breakout page_order() to internal.h to avoid special knowledge of the buddy allocator\n\nThe statistics patch later needs to know what order a free page is on the free\nlists. Rather than having special knowledge of page_private() when\nPageBuddy() is set, this patch places out page_order() in internal.h and adds\na VM_BUG_ON to catch using it on non-PageBuddy pages.\n\nSigned-off-by: Mel Gorman \u003cmel@csn.ul.ie\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Lameter \u003cclameter@sgi.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Andy Whitcroft \u003capw@shadowen.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "d85f33855c303acfa87fa457157cef755b6087df", "tree": "f1184a1a24b432727b0399594ede37c7539db888", "parents": [ "30520864839dc796fd314812e7036e754880b47d" ], "author": { "name": "Christoph Lameter", "email": "clameter@sgi.com", "time": "Sun May 06 14:49:39 2007 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org", "time": "Mon May 07 12:12:53 2007 -0700" }, "message": "Make page-\u003eprivate usable in compound pages\n\nIf we add a new flag so that we can distinguish between the first page and the\ntail pages then we can avoid to use page-\u003eprivate in the first page.\npage-\u003eprivate \u003d\u003d page for the first page, so there is no real information in\nthere.\n\nFreeing up page-\u003eprivate makes the use of compound pages more transparent.\nThey become more usable like real pages. Right now we have to be careful f.e.\n if we are going beyond PAGE_SIZE allocations in the slab on i386 because we\ncan then no longer use the private field. This is one of the issues that\ncause us not to support debugging for page size slabs in SLAB.\n\nHaving page-\u003eprivate available for SLUB would allow more meta information in\nthe page struct. I can probably avoid the 16 bit ints that I have in there\nright now.\n\nAlso if page-\u003eprivate is available then a compound page may be equipped with\nbuffer heads. This may free up the way for filesystems to support larger\nblocks than page size.\n\nWe add PageTail as an alias of PageReclaim. Compound pages cannot currently\nbe reclaimed. Because of the alias one needs to check PageCompound first.\n\nThe RFC for the this approach was discussed at\nhttp://marc.info/?t\u003d117574302800001\u0026r\u003d1\u0026w\u003d2\n\n[nacc@us.ibm.com: fix hugetlbfs]\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Lameter \u003cclameter@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Nishanth Aravamudan \u003cnacc@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "725d704ecaca4a43f067092c140d4f3271cf2856", "tree": "320cf8ab5457ac6c01c05da8c30d6026538ee259", "parents": [ "a6ca1b99ed434f3fb41bbed647ed36c0420501e5" ], "author": { "name": "Nick Piggin", "email": "npiggin@suse.de", "time": "Mon Sep 25 23:30:55 2006 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org", "time": "Tue Sep 26 08:48:44 2006 -0700" }, "message": "[PATCH] mm: VM_BUG_ON\n\nIntroduce a VM_BUG_ON, which is turned on with CONFIG_DEBUG_VM. Use this\nin the lightweight, inline refcounting functions; PageLRU and PageActive\nchecks in vmscan, because they\u0027re pretty well confined to vmscan. And in\npage allocate/free fastpaths which can be the hottest parts of the kernel\nfor kbuilds.\n\nUnlike BUG_ON, VM_BUG_ON must not be used to execute statements with\nside-effects, and should not be used outside core mm code.\n\nSigned-off-by: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nCc: Hugh Dickins \u003chugh@veritas.com\u003e\nCc: Christoph Lameter \u003cclameter@engr.sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "7835e98b2e3c66dba79cb0ff8ebb90a2fe030c29", "tree": "405a96eade34845dabe2f125b6c5eb095846869d", "parents": [ "70dc991d66cac40fdb07346dba2b5d862d732c34" ], "author": { "name": "Nick Piggin", "email": "npiggin@suse.de", "time": "Wed Mar 22 00:08:40 2006 -0800" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org", "time": "Wed Mar 22 07:54:02 2006 -0800" }, "message": "[PATCH] remove set_page_count() outside mm/\n\nset_page_count usage outside mm/ is limited to setting the refcount to 1.\nRemove set_page_count from outside mm/, and replace those users with\ninit_page_count() and set_page_refcounted().\n\nThis allows more debug checking, and tighter control on how code is allowed\nto play around with page-\u003e_count.\n\nSigned-off-by: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "84097518d1ecd2330f9488e4c2d09953a3340e74", "tree": "50981fe0584c456a1a86e6d7f611eec223b5f536", "parents": [ "0f8053a509ceba4a077a50ea7b77039b5559b428" ], "author": { "name": "Nick Piggin", "email": "npiggin@suse.de", "time": "Wed Mar 22 00:08:34 2006 -0800" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org", "time": "Wed Mar 22 07:54:01 2006 -0800" }, "message": "[PATCH] mm: nommu use compound pages\n\nNow that compound page handling is properly fixed in the VM, move nommu\nover to using compound pages rather than rolling their own refcounting.\n\nnommu vm page refcounting is broken anyway, but there is no need to have\ndivergent code in the core VM now, nor when it gets fixed.\n\nSigned-off-by: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nCc: David Howells \u003cdhowells@redhat.com\u003e\n\n(Needs testing, please).\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "0f8053a509ceba4a077a50ea7b77039b5559b428", "tree": "5a66021540395e20256f38a3a45174617428a832", "parents": [ "4fa4f53bf92139595cae6f1a3d972fc0a3451d29" ], "author": { "name": "Nick Piggin", "email": "npiggin@suse.de", "time": "Wed Mar 22 00:08:33 2006 -0800" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org", "time": "Wed Mar 22 07:54:01 2006 -0800" }, "message": "[PATCH] mm: make __put_page internal\n\nRemove __put_page from outside the core mm/. It is dangerous because it does\nnot handle compound pages nicely, and misses 1-\u003e0 transitions. If a user\nlater appears that really needs the extra speed we can reevaluate.\n\nSigned-off-by: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "a226f6c899799fe2c4919daa0767ac579c88f7bd", "tree": "82863c401f344cae8ab518b174085a7071a0a325", "parents": [ "008857c1a49ccffc31a54c3ea7e182833bd61304" ], "author": { "name": "David Howells", "email": "dhowells@redhat.com", "time": "Fri Jan 06 00:11:08 2006 -0800" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org", "time": "Fri Jan 06 08:33:26 2006 -0800" }, "message": "[PATCH] FRV: Clean up bootmem allocator\u0027s page freeing algorithm\n\nThe attached patch cleans up the way the bootmem allocator frees pages.\n\nA new function, __free_pages_bootmem(), is provided in mm/page_alloc.c that is\ncalled from mm/bootmem.c to turn pages over to the main allocator. All the\nbits of code to initialise pages (clearing PG_reserved and setting the page\ncount) are moved to here. The checks on page validity are removed, on the\nassumption that the struct page arrays will have been prepared correctly.\n\nSigned-off-by: David Howells \u003cdhowells@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "77a8a78834561398fb4cb1480afa7b0e80b1dd53", "tree": "c58179bfb6c68fb6cad547852345150be039591f", "parents": [ "c54ad30c784b84d0275152d0ca80985b21471811" ], "author": { "name": "Nick Piggin", "email": "nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au", "time": "Fri Jan 06 00:10:57 2006 -0800" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org", "time": "Fri Jan 06 08:33:25 2006 -0800" }, "message": "[PATCH] mm: set_page_refs opt\n\nInline set_page_refs.\n\nSigned-off-by: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nCc: Hugh Dickins \u003chugh@veritas.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n" }, { "commit": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2", "tree": "0bba044c4ce775e45a88a51686b5d9f90697ea9d", "parents": [], "author": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org", "time": "Sat Apr 16 15:20:36 2005 -0700" }, "committer": { "name": "Linus Torvalds", "email": "torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org", "time": "Sat Apr 16 15:20:36 2005 -0700" }, "message": "Linux-2.6.12-rc2\n\nInitial git repository build. I\u0027m not bothering with the full history,\neven though we have it. We can create a separate \"historical\" git\narchive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it\u0027s about\n3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early\ngit days unnecessarily complicated, when we don\u0027t have a lot of good\ninfrastructure for it.\n\nLet it rip!\n" } ] }