)]}'
{
  "log": [
    {
      "commit": "2adee9b30d1382fba97825b9c50e4f50a0117c36",
      "tree": "275bcff11f81a1c3e23fd2f5777f7e37d906717a",
      "parents": [
        "1679f2710ac58df580d3716fab1f42ae50a226eb"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Suresh Siddha",
        "email": "suresh.b.siddha@intel.com",
        "time": "Wed Apr 16 10:25:35 2008 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Sat Apr 19 19:19:55 2008 +0200"
      },
      "message": "x86: fpu xstate split fix\n\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Thomas Gleixner \u003ctglx@linutronix.de\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "61c4628b538608c1a85211ed8438136adfeb9a95",
      "tree": "290a695299a363153bc692e6d705ac680d64359e",
      "parents": [
        "fa5c4639419668cbb18ca3d20c1253559a3b43ae"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Suresh Siddha",
        "email": "suresh.b.siddha@intel.com",
        "time": "Mon Mar 10 15:28:04 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Sat Apr 19 19:19:55 2008 +0200"
      },
      "message": "x86, fpu: split FPU state from task struct - v5\n\nSplit the FPU save area from the task struct. This allows easy migration\nof FPU context, and it\u0027s generally cleaner. It also allows the following\ntwo optimizations:\n\n1) only allocate when the application actually uses FPU, so in the first\nlazy FPU trap. This could save memory for non-fpu using apps. Next patch\ndoes this lazy allocation.\n\n2) allocate the right size for the actual cpu rather than 512 bytes always.\nPatches enabling xsave/xrstor support (coming shortly) will take advantage\nof this.\n\nSigned-off-by: Suresh Siddha \u003csuresh.b.siddha@intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Arjan van de Ven \u003carjan@linux.intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Thomas Gleixner \u003ctglx@linutronix.de\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "1d4a788f15302877ff2cb08f22009e290a36a209",
      "tree": "51d2733fb81a75903e4b0f8a5d2ce9f903361ff0",
      "parents": [
        "8c703d35fa91911dd92a18c31a718853f483ad80"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "YAMAMOTO Takashi",
        "email": "yamamoto@valinux.co.jp",
        "time": "Fri Mar 28 14:15:50 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Mar 28 14:45:21 2008 -0700"
      },
      "message": "memcgroup: fix spurious EBUSY on memory cgroup removal\n\nCall mm_free_cgroup earlier.  Otherwise a reference due to lazy mm switching\ncan prevent cgroup removal.\n\nSigned-off-by: YAMAMOTO Takashi \u003cyamamoto@valinux.co.jp\u003e\nAcked-by: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki \u003ckamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: Paul Menage \u003cmenage@google.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "6ac08c39a16f72c2d3e845cb6849a1392fa03e80",
      "tree": "d7603571e9ab3ea4b57b7901211320e48d0c5ed8",
      "parents": [
        "5dd784d04924be5d8bc066aded0ec3274b20e612"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Jan Blunck",
        "email": "jblunck@suse.de",
        "time": "Thu Feb 14 19:34:38 2008 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Feb 14 21:13:33 2008 -0800"
      },
      "message": "Use struct path in fs_struct\n\n* Use struct path in fs_struct.\n\nSigned-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher \u003cagruen@suse.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Jan Blunck \u003cjblunck@suse.de\u003e\nAcked-by: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@lst.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "7ad5b3a505e68cfdc342933d6e0fc0eaa5e0a4f7",
      "tree": "6715ffd8df509d3d53dea581bb97418a21bc7cbc",
      "parents": [
        "fc9b52cd8f5f459b88adcf67c47668425ae31a78"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Harvey Harrison",
        "email": "harvey.harrison@gmail.com",
        "time": "Fri Feb 08 04:19:53 2008 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Feb 08 09:22:31 2008 -0800"
      },
      "message": "kernel: remove fastcall in kernel/*\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]\nSigned-off-by: Harvey Harrison \u003charvey.harrison@gmail.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "6c5f3e7b43300508fe3947ff3cfff0f86043bb57",
      "tree": "9843b8897ec3357b09f62bb6423cd4753e1d4516",
      "parents": [
        "fea9d175545b38cb3e84569400419eb81bc90fa3"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Pavel Emelyanov",
        "email": "xemul@openvz.org",
        "time": "Fri Feb 08 04:19:20 2008 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Feb 08 09:22:29 2008 -0800"
      },
      "message": "Pidns: make full use of xxx_vnr() calls\n\nSome time ago the xxx_vnr() calls (e.g.  pid_vnr or find_task_by_vpid) were\n_all_ converted to operate on the current pid namespace.  After this each call\nlike xxx_nr_ns(foo, current-\u003ensproxy-\u003epid_ns) is nothing but a xxx_vnr(foo)\none.\n\nSwitch all the xxx_nr_ns() callers to use the xxx_vnr() calls where\nappropriate.\n\nSigned-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov \u003cxemul@openvz.org\u003e\nReviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@in.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "fea9d175545b38cb3e84569400419eb81bc90fa3",
      "tree": "0d43fe9ed2ea6104ee8b15a3eb8da081dd08fd35",
      "parents": [
        "46f382d2b69d2221086b823f0dbc8f32c027cac2"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Oleg Nesterov",
        "email": "oleg@tv-sign.ru",
        "time": "Fri Feb 08 04:19:19 2008 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Feb 08 09:22:29 2008 -0800"
      },
      "message": "ITIMER_REAL: convert to use struct pid\n\nsignal_struct-\u003etsk points to the -\u003egroup_leader and thus we have the nasty\ncode in de_thread() which has to change it and restart -\u003ereal_timer if the\nleader is changed.\n\nUse \"struct pid *leader_pid\" instead.  This also allows us to kill now\nunneeded send_group_sig_info().\n\nSigned-off-by: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nAcked-by: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Davide Libenzi \u003cdavidel@xmailserver.org\u003e\nCc: Pavel Emelyanov \u003cxemul@openvz.org\u003e\nAcked-by: Roland McGrath \u003croland@redhat.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Thomas Gleixner \u003ctglx@linutronix.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "78fb74669e80883323391090e4d26d17fe29488f",
      "tree": "9154b703510415ae87bdae8750c1054e79710c61",
      "parents": [
        "8cdea7c05454260c0d4d83503949c358eb131d17"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Pavel Emelianov",
        "email": "xemul@openvz.org",
        "time": "Thu Feb 07 00:13:51 2008 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Feb 07 08:42:18 2008 -0800"
      },
      "message": "Memory controller: accounting setup\n\nBasic setup routines, the mm_struct has a pointer to the cgroup that\nit belongs to and the the page has a page_cgroup associated with it.\n\nSigned-off-by: Pavel Emelianov \u003cxemul@openvz.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Paul Menage \u003cmenage@google.com\u003e\nCc: Peter Zijlstra \u003ca.p.zijlstra@chello.nl\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnickpiggin@yahoo.com.au\u003e\nCc: Kirill Korotaev \u003cdev@sw.ru\u003e\nCc: Herbert Poetzl \u003cherbert@13thfloor.at\u003e\nCc: David Rientjes \u003crientjes@google.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "6b2fb3c65844452bb9e8b449d50863d1b36c5dc0",
      "tree": "2dee8421cd2b679e703b2ae8d7bdfafde7ef6d68",
      "parents": [
        "6c81c32f9616fd6f2795dceae2f70943cb4d8609"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Adrian Bunk",
        "email": "bunk@kernel.org",
        "time": "Wed Feb 06 01:37:55 2008 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Wed Feb 06 10:41:08 2008 -0800"
      },
      "message": "idle_regs() must be __cpuinit\n\nFix the following section mismatch with CONFIG_HOTPLUG\u003dn,\nCONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU\u003dy:\n\nWARNING: vmlinux.o(.text+0x399a6): Section mismatch: reference to .init.text.5:idle_regs (between \u0027fork_idle\u0027 and \u0027get_task_mm\u0027)\n\nSigned-off-by: Adrian Bunk \u003cbunk@kernel.org\u003e\nCc: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nCc: Thomas Gleixner \u003ctglx@linutronix.de\u003e\nCc: \"Luck, Tony\" \u003ctony.luck@intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "d9ae90ac4bdce769ddb27c2e24c3351a30c3daf8",
      "tree": "220f88576b5c83369892ce13cb180bab6cccba7a",
      "parents": [
        "06b8e878a9bc9301201cffe186eba99c4185f20a"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Oleg Nesterov",
        "email": "oleg@tv-sign.ru",
        "time": "Wed Feb 06 01:36:13 2008 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Wed Feb 06 10:41:00 2008 -0800"
      },
      "message": "use __set_task_state() for TRACED/STOPPED tasks\n\n1. It is much easier to grep for -\u003estate change if __set_task_state() is used\n   instead of the direct assignment.\n\n2. ptrace_stop() and handle_group_stop() use set_task_state() which adds the\n   unneeded mb() (btw even if we use mb() it is still possible that do_wait()\n   sees the new -\u003estate but not -\u003eexit_code, but this is ok).\n\nSigned-off-by: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nAcked-by: Roland McGrath \u003croland@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "3b7391de67da515c91f48aa371de77cb6cc5c07e",
      "tree": "22b9f5d9d1c36b374eb5765219aca3c7e1f23486",
      "parents": [
        "46c383cc4530ccc438cb325e92e11eb21dd3d4fc"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Serge E. Hallyn",
        "email": "serue@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Mon Feb 04 22:29:45 2008 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Tue Feb 05 09:44:20 2008 -0800"
      },
      "message": "capabilities: introduce per-process capability bounding set\n\nThe capability bounding set is a set beyond which capabilities cannot grow.\n Currently cap_bset is per-system.  It can be manipulated through sysctl,\nbut only init can add capabilities.  Root can remove capabilities.  By\ndefault it includes all caps except CAP_SETPCAP.\n\nThis patch makes the bounding set per-process when file capabilities are\nenabled.  It is inherited at fork from parent.  Noone can add elements,\nCAP_SETPCAP is required to remove them.\n\nOne example use of this is to start a safer container.  For instance, until\ndevice namespaces or per-container device whitelists are introduced, it is\nbest to take CAP_MKNOD away from a container.\n\nThe bounding set will not affect pP and pE immediately.  It will only\naffect pP\u0027 and pE\u0027 after subsequent exec()s.  It also does not affect pI,\nand exec() does not constrain pI\u0027.  So to really start a shell with no way\nof regain CAP_MKNOD, you would do\n\n\tprctl(PR_CAPBSET_DROP, CAP_MKNOD);\n\tcap_t cap \u003d cap_get_proc();\n\tcap_value_t caparray[1];\n\tcaparray[0] \u003d CAP_MKNOD;\n\tcap_set_flag(cap, CAP_INHERITABLE, 1, caparray, CAP_DROP);\n\tcap_set_proc(cap);\n\tcap_free(cap);\n\nThe following test program will get and set the bounding\nset (but not pI).  For instance\n\n\t./bset get\n\t\t(lists capabilities in bset)\n\t./bset drop cap_net_raw\n\t\t(starts shell with new bset)\n\t\t(use capset, setuid binary, or binary with\n\t\tfile capabilities to try to increase caps)\n\n************************************************************\ncap_bound.c\n************************************************************\n #include \u003csys/prctl.h\u003e\n #include \u003clinux/capability.h\u003e\n #include \u003csys/types.h\u003e\n #include \u003cunistd.h\u003e\n #include \u003cstdio.h\u003e\n #include \u003cstdlib.h\u003e\n #include \u003cstring.h\u003e\n\n #ifndef PR_CAPBSET_READ\n #define PR_CAPBSET_READ 23\n #endif\n\n #ifndef PR_CAPBSET_DROP\n #define PR_CAPBSET_DROP 24\n #endif\n\nint usage(char *me)\n{\n\tprintf(\"Usage: %s get\\n\", me);\n\tprintf(\"       %s drop \u003ccapability\u003e\\n\", me);\n\treturn 1;\n}\n\n #define numcaps 32\nchar *captable[numcaps] \u003d {\n\t\"cap_chown\",\n\t\"cap_dac_override\",\n\t\"cap_dac_read_search\",\n\t\"cap_fowner\",\n\t\"cap_fsetid\",\n\t\"cap_kill\",\n\t\"cap_setgid\",\n\t\"cap_setuid\",\n\t\"cap_setpcap\",\n\t\"cap_linux_immutable\",\n\t\"cap_net_bind_service\",\n\t\"cap_net_broadcast\",\n\t\"cap_net_admin\",\n\t\"cap_net_raw\",\n\t\"cap_ipc_lock\",\n\t\"cap_ipc_owner\",\n\t\"cap_sys_module\",\n\t\"cap_sys_rawio\",\n\t\"cap_sys_chroot\",\n\t\"cap_sys_ptrace\",\n\t\"cap_sys_pacct\",\n\t\"cap_sys_admin\",\n\t\"cap_sys_boot\",\n\t\"cap_sys_nice\",\n\t\"cap_sys_resource\",\n\t\"cap_sys_time\",\n\t\"cap_sys_tty_config\",\n\t\"cap_mknod\",\n\t\"cap_lease\",\n\t\"cap_audit_write\",\n\t\"cap_audit_control\",\n\t\"cap_setfcap\"\n};\n\nint getbcap(void)\n{\n\tint comma\u003d0;\n\tunsigned long i;\n\tint ret;\n\n\tprintf(\"i know of %d capabilities\\n\", numcaps);\n\tprintf(\"capability bounding set:\");\n\tfor (i\u003d0; i\u003cnumcaps; i++) {\n\t\tret \u003d prctl(PR_CAPBSET_READ, i);\n\t\tif (ret \u003c 0)\n\t\t\tperror(\"prctl\");\n\t\telse if (ret\u003d\u003d1)\n\t\t\tprintf(\"%s%s\", (comma++) ? \", \" : \" \", captable[i]);\n\t}\n\tprintf(\"\\n\");\n\treturn 0;\n}\n\nint capdrop(char *str)\n{\n\tunsigned long i;\n\n\tint found\u003d0;\n\tfor (i\u003d0; i\u003cnumcaps; i++) {\n\t\tif (strcmp(captable[i], str) \u003d\u003d 0) {\n\t\t\tfound\u003d1;\n\t\t\tbreak;\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\tif (!found)\n\t\treturn 1;\n\tif (prctl(PR_CAPBSET_DROP, i)) {\n\t\tperror(\"prctl\");\n\t\treturn 1;\n\t}\n\treturn 0;\n}\n\nint main(int argc, char *argv[])\n{\n\tif (argc\u003c2)\n\t\treturn usage(argv[0]);\n\tif (strcmp(argv[1], \"get\")\u003d\u003d0)\n\t\treturn getbcap();\n\tif (strcmp(argv[1], \"drop\")!\u003d0 || argc\u003c3)\n\t\treturn usage(argv[0]);\n\tif (capdrop(argv[2])) {\n\t\tprintf(\"unknown capability\\n\");\n\t\treturn 1;\n\t}\n\treturn execl(\"/bin/bash\", \"/bin/bash\", NULL);\n}\n************************************************************\n\n[serue@us.ibm.com: fix typo]\nSigned-off-by: Serge E. Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew G. Morgan \u003cmorgan@kernel.org\u003e\nCc: Stephen Smalley \u003csds@tycho.nsa.gov\u003e\nCc: James Morris \u003cjmorris@namei.org\u003e\nCc: Chris Wright \u003cchrisw@sous-sol.org\u003e\nCc: Casey Schaufler \u003ccasey@schaufler-ca.com\u003ea\nSigned-off-by: \"Serge E. Hallyn\" \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nTested-by: Jiri Slaby \u003cjirislaby@gmail.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "5e5419734c8719cbc01af959ad9c0844002c0df5",
      "tree": "a075dca3f719946689efa0245464855cbf2a20ce",
      "parents": [
        "9f8f2172537de7af0b0fbd33502d18d52b1339bc"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Benjamin Herrenschmidt",
        "email": "benh@kernel.crashing.org",
        "time": "Mon Feb 04 22:29:14 2008 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Tue Feb 05 09:44:18 2008 -0800"
      },
      "message": "add mm argument to pte/pmd/pud/pgd_free\n\n(with Martin Schwidefsky \u003cschwidefsky@de.ibm.com\u003e)\n\nThe pgd/pud/pmd/pte page table allocation functions get a mm_struct pointer as\nfirst argument.  The free functions do not get the mm_struct argument.  This\nis 1) asymmetrical and 2) to do mm related page table allocations the mm\nargument is needed on the free function as well.\n\n[kamalesh@linux.vnet.ibm.com: i386 fix]\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-syle fixes]\nSigned-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt \u003cbenh@kernel.crashing.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky \u003cschwidefsky@de.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: \u003clinux-arch@vger.kernel.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Kamalesh Babulal \u003ckamalesh@linux.vnet.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "bdff746a3915f109bd13730b6847e33e17e91ed3",
      "tree": "bacc8edf83f06c4366cbb43fa21213e0a346a6f2",
      "parents": [
        "59714d65dfbc86d5cb93adc5bac57a921cc2fa84"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Andrew Morton",
        "email": "akpm@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Mon Feb 04 22:27:22 2008 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Tue Feb 05 09:44:07 2008 -0800"
      },
      "message": "clone: prepare to recycle CLONE_STOPPED\n\nUlrich says that we never used this clone flags and that nothing should be\nusing it.\n\nAs we\u0027re down to only a single bit left in clone\u0027s flags argument, let\u0027s add a\nwarning to check that no userspace is actually using it.  Hopefully we will\nbe able to recycle it.\n\nRoland said:\n\n  CLONE_STOPPED was previously used by some NTPL versions when under\n  thread_db (i.e.  only when being actively debugged by gdb), but not for a\n  long time now, and it never worked reliably when it was used.  Removing it\n  seems fine to me.\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: it looks like CLONE_DETACHED is being used]\nCc: Ulrich Drepper \u003cdrepper@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nCc: Roland McGrath \u003croland@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "6d4e4c4fca5be806b888d606894d914847e82d78",
      "tree": "dc383e27d812f617d791f48ba1527d70c86b65ba",
      "parents": [
        "76c35c6e99cb46b936b88cc795c9c886e7fe7bd4"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Avi Kivity",
        "email": "avi@qumranet.com",
        "time": "Wed Nov 21 16:41:05 2007 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Avi Kivity",
        "email": "avi@qumranet.com",
        "time": "Wed Jan 30 17:53:13 2008 +0200"
      },
      "message": "KVM: Disallow fork() and similar games when using a VM\n\nWe don\u0027t want the meaning of guest userspace changing under our feet.\n\nSigned-off-by: Avi Kivity \u003cavi@qumranet.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "fadad878cc0640cc9cd5569998bf54b693f7b38b",
      "tree": "9ad8c65d458d45f970f7e78cd1512c0e7da58def",
      "parents": [
        "521f3bbdba6b92582ef8047df01b156668343542"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "jens.axboe@oracle.com",
        "time": "Thu Jan 24 08:54:47 2008 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "jens.axboe@oracle.com",
        "time": "Mon Jan 28 10:50:36 2008 +0100"
      },
      "message": "kernel: add CLONE_IO to specifically request sharing of IO contexts\n\nsyslets (or other threads/processes that want io context sharing) can\nset this to enforce sharing of io context.\n\nSigned-off-by: Jens Axboe \u003cjens.axboe@oracle.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "d38ecf935fcb10264a6bc190855d9595165e6eeb",
      "tree": "64e3146ef76678ad3ae8f75c32df9f25ea470953",
      "parents": [
        "fd0928df98b9578be8a786ac0cb78a47a5e17a20"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "jens.axboe@oracle.com",
        "time": "Thu Jan 24 08:53:35 2008 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "jens.axboe@oracle.com",
        "time": "Mon Jan 28 10:50:31 2008 +0100"
      },
      "message": "io context sharing: preliminary support\n\nDetach task state from ioc, instead keep track of how many processes\nare accessing the ioc.\n\nSigned-off-by: Jens Axboe \u003cjens.axboe@oracle.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "fd0928df98b9578be8a786ac0cb78a47a5e17a20",
      "tree": "70a34cf207bea1bec28e59cf0dba7d20e7f8b0f1",
      "parents": [
        "91525300baf162e83e923b09ca286f9205e21522"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "jens.axboe@oracle.com",
        "time": "Thu Jan 24 08:52:45 2008 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "jens.axboe@oracle.com",
        "time": "Mon Jan 28 10:50:29 2008 +0100"
      },
      "message": "ioprio: move io priority from task_struct to io_context\n\nThis is where it belongs and then it doesn\u0027t take up space for a\nprocess that doesn\u0027t do IO.\n\nSigned-off-by: Jens Axboe \u003cjens.axboe@oracle.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "9745512ce79de686df354dc70a8d1a74d801892d",
      "tree": "9b64e2b2e6d2ae534beef136922082f21701c7b9",
      "parents": [
        "326587b840785c60f5dc18557235a23bafefd620"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Arjan van de Ven",
        "email": "arjan@linux.intel.com",
        "time": "Fri Jan 25 21:08:34 2008 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Fri Jan 25 21:08:34 2008 +0100"
      },
      "message": "sched: latencytop support\n\nLatencyTOP kernel infrastructure; it measures latencies in the\nscheduler and tracks it system wide and per process.\n\nSigned-off-by: Arjan van de Ven \u003carjan@linux.intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "6f505b16425a51270058e4a93441fe64de3dd435",
      "tree": "be21e711d93bc4d088b97c4a4f585a5044dbaa7d",
      "parents": [
        "fa85ae2418e6843953107cd6a06f645752829bc0"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Peter Zijlstra",
        "email": "a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl",
        "time": "Fri Jan 25 21:08:30 2008 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Fri Jan 25 21:08:30 2008 +0100"
      },
      "message": "sched: rt group scheduling\n\nExtend group scheduling to also cover the realtime classes. It uses the time\nlimiting introduced by the previous patch to allow multiple realtime groups.\n\nThe hard time limit is required to keep behaviour deterministic.\n\nThe algorithms used make the realtime scheduler O(tg), linear scaling wrt the\nnumber of task groups. This is the worst case behaviour I can\u0027t seem to get out\nof, the avg. case of the algorithms can be improved, I focused on correctness\nand worst case.\n\n[ akpm@linux-foundation.org: move side-effects out of BUG_ON(). ]\n\nSigned-off-by: Peter Zijlstra \u003ca.p.zijlstra@chello.nl\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "e260be673a15b6125068270e0216a3bfbfc12f87",
      "tree": "f50760606d395bf6faa9e865f814761a3c88d32c",
      "parents": [
        "e0ecfa7917cafe72f4a75f87e8bb5d8d51dc534f"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Paul E. McKenney",
        "email": "paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com",
        "time": "Fri Jan 25 21:08:24 2008 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Fri Jan 25 21:08:24 2008 +0100"
      },
      "message": "Preempt-RCU: implementation\n\nThis patch implements a new version of RCU which allows its read-side\ncritical sections to be preempted. It uses a set of counter pairs\nto keep track of the read-side critical sections and flips them\nwhen all tasks exit read-side critical section. The details\nof this implementation can be found in this paper -\n\n\thttp://www.rdrop.com/users/paulmck/RCU/OLSrtRCU.2006.08.11a.pdf\n\nand the article-\n\n\thttp://lwn.net/Articles/253651/\n\nThis patch was developed as a part of the -rt kernel development and\nmeant to provide better latencies when read-side critical sections of\nRCU don\u0027t disable preemption.  As a consequence of keeping track of RCU\nreaders, the readers have a slight overhead (optimizations in the paper).\nThis implementation co-exists with the \"classic\" RCU implementations\nand can be switched to at compiler.\n\nAlso includes RCU tracing summarized in debugfs.\n\n[ akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fixes on non-preempt architectures ]\n\nSigned-off-by: Gautham R Shenoy \u003cego@in.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Dipankar Sarma \u003cdipankar@in.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Paul E. McKenney \u003cpaulmck@us.ibm.com\u003e\nReviewed-by: Steven Rostedt \u003csrostedt@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "73fe6aae84400e2b475e2a1dc4e8592cd3ed6e69",
      "tree": "97c7d6a866d75563082c422491fc423b47aca9d7",
      "parents": [
        "c7a1e46aa9782a947cf2ed506245d43396dbf991"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Gregory Haskins",
        "email": "ghaskins@novell.com",
        "time": "Fri Jan 25 21:08:07 2008 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Fri Jan 25 21:08:07 2008 +0100"
      },
      "message": "sched: add RT-balance cpu-weight\n\nSome RT tasks (particularly kthreads) are bound to one specific CPU.\nIt is fairly common for two or more bound tasks to get queued up at the\nsame time.  Consider, for instance, softirq_timer and softirq_sched.  A\ntimer goes off in an ISR which schedules softirq_thread to run at RT50.\nThen the timer handler determines that it\u0027s time to smp-rebalance the\nsystem so it schedules softirq_sched to run.  So we are in a situation\nwhere we have two RT50 tasks queued, and the system will go into\nrt-overload condition to request other CPUs for help.\n\nThis causes two problems in the current code:\n\n1) If a high-priority bound task and a low-priority unbounded task queue\n   up behind the running task, we will fail to ever relocate the unbounded\n   task because we terminate the search on the first unmovable task.\n\n2) We spend precious futile cycles in the fast-path trying to pull\n   overloaded tasks over.  It is therefore optimial to strive to avoid the\n   overhead all together if we can cheaply detect the condition before\n   overload even occurs.\n\nThis patch tries to achieve this optimization by utilizing the hamming\nweight of the task-\u003ecpus_allowed mask.  A weight of 1 indicates that\nthe task cannot be migrated.  We will then utilize this information to\nskip non-migratable tasks and to eliminate uncessary rebalance attempts.\n\nWe introduce a per-rq variable to count the number of migratable tasks\nthat are currently running.  We only go into overload if we have more\nthan one rt task, AND at least one of them is migratable.\n\nIn addition, we introduce a per-task variable to cache the cpus_allowed\nweight, since the hamming calculation is probably relatively expensive.\nWe only update the cached value when the mask is updated which should be\nrelatively infrequent, especially compared to scheduling frequency\nin the fast path.\n\nSigned-off-by: Gregory Haskins \u003cghaskins@novell.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Steven Rostedt \u003csrostedt@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "82a1fcb90287052aabfa235e7ffc693ea003fe69",
      "tree": "826b464a248bebe259fe787f7b8d17d5626cf2c5",
      "parents": [
        "d0d23b5432fe61229dd3641c5e94d4130bc4e61b"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Fri Jan 25 21:08:02 2008 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Fri Jan 25 21:08:02 2008 +0100"
      },
      "message": "softlockup: automatically detect hung TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE tasks\n\nthis patch extends the soft-lockup detector to automatically\ndetect hung TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE tasks. Such hung tasks are\nprinted the following way:\n\n ------------------\u003e\n INFO: task prctl:3042 blocked for more than 120 seconds.\n \"echo 0 \u003e /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs\" disables this message\n prctl         D fd5e3793     0  3042   2997\n        f6050f38 00000046 00000001 fd5e3793 00000009 c06d8264 c06dae80 00000286\n        f6050f40 f6050f00 f7d34d90 f7d34fc8 c1e1be80 00000001 f6050000 00000000\n        f7e92d00 00000286 f6050f18 c0489d1a f6050f40 00006605 00000000 c0133a5b\n Call Trace:\n  [\u003cc04883a5\u003e] schedule_timeout+0x6d/0x8b\n  [\u003cc04883d8\u003e] schedule_timeout_uninterruptible+0x15/0x17\n  [\u003cc0133a76\u003e] msleep+0x10/0x16\n  [\u003cc0138974\u003e] sys_prctl+0x30/0x1e2\n  [\u003cc0104c52\u003e] sysenter_past_esp+0x5f/0xa5\n  \u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\u003d\n 2 locks held by prctl/3042:\n #0:  (\u0026sb-\u003es_type-\u003ei_mutex_key#5){--..}, at: [\u003cc0197d11\u003e] do_fsync+0x38/0x7a\n #1:  (jbd_handle){--..}, at: [\u003cc01ca3d2\u003e] journal_start+0xc7/0xe9\n \u003c------------------\n\nthe current default timeout is 120 seconds. Such messages are printed\nup to 10 times per bootup. If the system has crashed already then the\nmessages are not printed.\n\nif lockdep is enabled then all held locks are printed as well.\n\nthis feature is a natural extension to the softlockup-detector (kernel\nlocked up without scheduling) and to the NMI watchdog (kernel locked up\nwith IRQs disabled).\n\n[ Gautham R Shenoy \u003cego@in.ibm.com\u003e: CPU hotplug fixes. ]\n[ Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e: build warning fix. ]\n\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Arjan van de Ven \u003carjan@linux.intel.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "5cd17569fd0eeca510735e63a6061291e3971bf6",
      "tree": "0583bb9f4cc103251da96ba743396a877f4c83b5",
      "parents": [
        "e00ba3dae077f54cfd2af42e939a618caa7a3bca"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Eric W. Biederman",
        "email": "ebiederm@xmission.com",
        "time": "Tue Dec 04 23:45:04 2007 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Wed Dec 05 09:21:18 2007 -0800"
      },
      "message": "fix clone(CLONE_NEWPID)\n\nCurrently we are complicating the code in copy_process, the clone ABI, and\nif we fix the bugs sys_setsid itself, with an unnecessary open coded\nversion of sys_setsid.\n\nSo just simplify everything and don\u0027t special case the session and pgrp of\nthe initial process in a pid namespace.\n\nHaving this special case actually presents to user space the classic linux\nstartup conditions with session \u003d\u003d pgrp \u003d\u003d 0 for /sbin/init.\n\nWe already handle sending signals to processes in a child pid namespace.\n\nWe need to handle sending signals to processes in a parent pid namespace\nfor cases like SIGCHILD and SIGIO.\n\nThis makes nothing extra visible inside a pid namespace.  So this extra\nspecial case appears to have no redeeming merits.\n\nFurther removing this special case increases the flexibility of how we can\nuse pid namespaces, by not requiring the initial process in a pid namespace\nto be a daemon.\n\nSigned-off-by: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: Pavel Emelyanov \u003cxemul@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: Sukadev Bhattiprolu \u003csukadev@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "3c90e6e99b08f01d5684a3a07cceae6a543e4fa8",
      "tree": "2432814cfe4891e4c99945fbe09e6b59d6df49f3",
      "parents": [
        "502d26b524d8980f3ed80d9aec398e85671a8160"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Srivatsa Vaddagiri",
        "email": "vatsa@linux.vnet.ibm.com",
        "time": "Fri Nov 09 22:39:39 2007 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Fri Nov 09 22:39:39 2007 +0100"
      },
      "message": "sched: fix copy_namespace() \u003c-\u003e sched_fork() dependency in do_fork\n\nSukadev Bhattiprolu reported a kernel crash with control groups.\nThere are couple of problems discovered by Suka\u0027s test:\n\n- The test requires the cgroup filesystem to be mounted with\n  atleast the cpu and ns options (i.e both namespace and cpu \n  controllers are active in the same hierarchy). \n\n\t# mkdir /dev/cpuctl\n\t# mount -t cgroup -ocpu,ns none cpuctl\n\t(or simply)\n\t# mount -t cgroup none cpuctl -\u003e Will activate all controllers\n\t\t\t\t\t in same hierarchy.\n\n- The test invokes clone() with CLONE_NEWNS set. This causes a a new child\n  to be created, also a new group (do_fork-\u003ecopy_namespaces-\u003ens_cgroup_clone-\u003e\n  cgroup_clone) and the child is attached to the new group (cgroup_clone-\u003e\n  attach_task-\u003esched_move_task). At this point in time, the child\u0027s scheduler \n  related fields are uninitialized (including its on_rq field, which it has\n  inherited from parent). As a result sched_move_task thinks its on\n  runqueue, when it isn\u0027t.\n\n  As a solution to this problem, I moved sched_fork() call, which\n  initializes scheduler related fields on a new task, before\n  copy_namespaces(). I am not sure though whether moving up will\n  cause other side-effects. Do you see any issue?\n\n- The second problem exposed by this test is that task_new_fair()\n  assumes that parent and child will be part of the same group (which \n  needn\u0027t be as this test shows). As a result, cfs_rq-\u003ecurr can be NULL\n  for the child.\n\n  The solution is to test for curr pointer being NULL in\n  task_new_fair().\n\nWith the patch below, I could run ns_exec() fine w/o a crash.\n\nReported-by: Sukadev Bhattiprolu \u003csukadev@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Srivatsa Vaddagiri \u003cvatsa@linux.vnet.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "9301899be75b464ef097f0b5af7af6d9bd8f68a7",
      "tree": "a7053c5c0babcdbad6d4baff0551d60e5c4308af",
      "parents": [
        "82798a17ad40df827d465329a20ace80497f9b32"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Balbir Singh",
        "email": "balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com",
        "time": "Tue Oct 30 00:26:32 2007 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Tue Oct 30 00:26:32 2007 +0100"
      },
      "message": "sched: fix /proc/\u003cPID\u003e/stat stime/utime monotonicity, part 2\n\nExtend Peter\u0027s patch to fix accounting issues, by keeping stime\nmonotonic too.\n\nSigned-off-by: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nTested-by: Frans Pop \u003celendil@planet.nl\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "73a2bcb0edb9ffb0b007b3546b430e2c6e415eee",
      "tree": "dd84f61589c7dd21b7be973c288611ffe547f21b",
      "parents": [
        "f7402e0361d4472535e07cfca648f2fa81d85cd2"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Peter Zijlstra",
        "email": "a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl",
        "time": "Mon Oct 29 21:18:11 2007 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Mon Oct 29 21:18:11 2007 +0100"
      },
      "message": "sched: keep utime/stime monotonic\n\nkeep utime/stime monotonic.\n\ncpustats use utime/stime as a ratio against sum_exec_runtime, as a\nconsequence it can happen - when the ratio changes faster than time\naccumulates - that either can be appear to go backwards.\n\nSigned-off-by: Peter Zijlstra \u003ca.p.zijlstra@chello.nl\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "a39bc51691a0c8880b7d10fa7c2f034f3ba9a037",
      "tree": "6f74815a32b5344cbfc2b3eca6def411308c06fb",
      "parents": [
        "a24efe62dd165be7d03431cf936ae17d345fed69"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Alexey Dobriyan",
        "email": "adobriyan@sw.ru",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 23:41:10 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Oct 19 11:53:56 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Uninline fork.c/exit.c\n\nSave ~650 bytes here.\n\nadd/remove: 4/0 grow/shrink: 0/7 up/down: 430/-1088 (-658)\nfunction                                     old     new   delta\n__copy_fs_struct                               -     202    +202\n__put_fs_struct                                -     112    +112\n__exit_fs                                      -      58     +58\n__exit_files                                   -      58     +58\nexit_files                                    58       2     -56\nput_fs_struct                                112       5    -107\nexit_fs                                      161       2    -159\nsys_unshare                                  774     590    -184\ncopy_process                                4031    3840    -191\ndo_exit                                     1791    1597    -194\ncopy_fs_struct                               202       5    -197\n\nNo difference in lmbench lat_proc tests on 2-way Opteron 246.\nSmaaaal degradation on UP P4 (within errors).\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]\nSigned-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan \u003cadobriyan@sw.ru\u003e\nCc: Arjan van de Ven \u003carjan@infradead.org\u003e\nCc: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "a24efe62dd165be7d03431cf936ae17d345fed69",
      "tree": "d6e89de347ac0e3b2fe478690cc1f58281022bc3",
      "parents": [
        "26e3d11dd32da3768d64639899ccdb8a2649116f"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Mariusz Kozlowski",
        "email": "m.kozlowski@tuxland.pl",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 23:41:09 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Oct 19 11:53:56 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "kernel/fork.c: remove unneeded variable initialization in copy_process()\n\nThis initialization of is not needed so just remove it.\n\nSigned-off-by: Mariusz Kozlowski \u003cm.kozlowski@tuxland.pl\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "9a2e70572e94e21e7ec4186702d045415422bda0",
      "tree": "a6cd54dc559cbf6840dac4077f507a961486e21b",
      "parents": [
        "270f722d4d5f94b02fd48eed47e57917ab00a858"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Pavel Emelyanov",
        "email": "xemul@openvz.org",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 23:40:39 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Oct 19 11:53:43 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Isolate the explicit usage of signal-\u003epgrp\n\nThe pgrp field is not used widely around the kernel so it is now marked as\ndeprecated with appropriate comment.\n\nThe initialization of INIT_SIGNALS is trimmed because\na) they are set to 0 automatically;\nb) gcc cannot properly initialize two anonymous (the second one\n   is the one with the session) unions. In this particular case\n   to make it compile we\u0027d have to add some field initialized\n   right before the .pgrp.\n\nThis is the same patch as the 1ec320afdc9552c92191d5f89fcd1ebe588334ca one\n(from Cedric), but for the pgrp field.\n\nSome progress report:\n\nWe have to deprecate the pid, tgid, session and pgrp fields on struct\ntask_struct and struct signal_struct.  The session and pgrp are already\ndeprecated.  The tgid value is close to being such - the worst known usage\nin in fs/locks.c and audit code.  The pid field deprecation is mainly\nblocked by numerous printk-s around the kernel that print the tsk-\u003epid to\nlog.\n\nSigned-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov \u003cxemul@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: Sukadev Bhattiprolu \u003csukadev@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Serge Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Herbert Poetzl \u003cherbert@13thfloor.at\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "270f722d4d5f94b02fd48eed47e57917ab00a858",
      "tree": "f6f58a0730c8968d2b4b983965b4409761616ab2",
      "parents": [
        "d85f50d5e1aa99ab082035f94265847521819e58"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Eugene Teo",
        "email": "eugeneteo@kernel.sg",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 23:40:38 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Oct 19 11:53:42 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Fix tsk-\u003eexit_state usage\n\ntsk-\u003eexit_state can only be 0, EXIT_ZOMBIE, or EXIT_DEAD.  A non-zero test\nis the same as tsk-\u003eexit_state \u0026 (EXIT_ZOMBIE | EXIT_DEAD), so just testing\ntsk-\u003eexit_state is sufficient.\n\nSigned-off-by: Eugene Teo \u003ceugeneteo@kernel.sg\u003e\nCc: Roland McGrath \u003croland@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "b488893a390edfe027bae7a46e9af8083e740668",
      "tree": "c469a7f99ad01005a73011c029eb5e5d15454559",
      "parents": [
        "3eb07c8c8adb6f0572baba844ba2d9e501654316"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Pavel Emelyanov",
        "email": "xemul@openvz.org",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 23:40:14 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Oct 19 11:53:40 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "pid namespaces: changes to show virtual ids to user\n\nThis is the largest patch in the set. Make all (I hope) the places where\nthe pid is shown to or get from user operate on the virtual pids.\n\nThe idea is:\n - all in-kernel data structures must store either struct pid itself\n   or the pid\u0027s global nr, obtained with pid_nr() call;\n - when seeking the task from kernel code with the stored id one\n   should use find_task_by_pid() call that works with global pids;\n - when showing pid\u0027s numerical value to the user the virtual one\n   should be used, but however when one shows task\u0027s pid outside this\n   task\u0027s namespace the global one is to be used;\n - when getting the pid from userspace one need to consider this as\n   the virtual one and use appropriate task/pid-searching functions.\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix]\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: nuther build fix]\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: yet nuther build fix]\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove unneeded casts]\nSigned-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov \u003cxemul@openvz.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan \u003cadobriyan@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: Sukadev Bhattiprolu \u003csukadev@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: Paul Menage \u003cmenage@google.com\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "6f4e643353aea52d80f33960bd88954a7c074f0f",
      "tree": "5b7e452f7e31be89f06a52a2c077183b7fe74c3b",
      "parents": [
        "130f77ecb2e7d5ac3e53e620f55e374f4a406b20"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Pavel Emelyanov",
        "email": "xemul@openvz.org",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 23:40:11 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Oct 19 11:53:40 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "pid namespaces: initialize the namespace\u0027s proc_mnt\n\nThe namespace\u0027s proc_mnt must be kern_mount-ed to make this pointer always\nvalid, independently of whether the user space mounted the proc or not.  This\nsolves raced in proc_flush_task, etc.  with the proc_mnt switching from NULL\nto not-NULL.\n\nThe initialization is done after the init\u0027s pid is created and hashed to make\nproc_get_sb() finr it and get for root inode.\n\nSice the namespace holds the vfsmnt, vfsmnt holds the superblock and the\nsuperblock holds the namespace we must explicitly break this circle to destroy\nall the stuff.  This is done after the init of the namespace dies.  Running a\nfew steps forward - when init exits it will kill all its children, so no\nproc_mnt will be needed after its death.\n\nSigned-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov \u003cxemul@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: Sukadev Bhattiprolu \u003csukadev@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Paul Menage \u003cmenage@google.com\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "30e49c263e36341b60b735cbef5ca37912549264",
      "tree": "103e74c41db97476ae38cdd4ffc18e4da03f28e8",
      "parents": [
        "b461cc03828c743aed6b3855b9ab0d39a9d54ec5"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Pavel Emelyanov",
        "email": "xemul@openvz.org",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 23:40:10 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Oct 19 11:53:39 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "pid namespaces: allow cloning of new namespace\n\nWhen clone() is invoked with CLONE_NEWPID, create a new pid namespace and then\ncreate a new struct pid for the new process.  Allocate pid_t\u0027s for the new\nprocess in the new pid namespace and all ancestor pid namespaces.  Make the\nnewly cloned process the session and process group leader.\n\nSince the active pid namespace is special and expected to be the first entry\nin pid-\u003eupid_list, preserve the order of pid namespaces.\n\nThe size of \u0027struct pid\u0027 is dependent on the the number of pid namespaces the\nprocess exists in, so we use multiple pid-caches\u0027.  Only one pid cache is\ncreated during system startup and this used by processes that exist only in\ninit_pid_ns.\n\nWhen a process clones its pid namespace, we create additional pid caches as\nnecessary and use the pid cache to allocate \u0027struct pids\u0027 for that depth.\n\nNote, that with this patch the newly created namespace won\u0027t work, since the\nrest of the kernel still uses global pids, but this is to be fixed soon.  Init\npid namespace still works.\n\n[oleg@tv-sign.ru: merge fix]\nSigned-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov \u003cxemul@openvz.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Sukadev Bhattiprolu \u003csukadev@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Paul Menage \u003cmenage@google.com\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "425fb2b4bf5dde24be4a82e9a2c344bb49ac92e4",
      "tree": "04cdf3042ee0f593b243c6402f2ce3cacac5cc2d",
      "parents": [
        "198fe21b0a17fe9c68cb519ecc566534b04f122b"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Pavel Emelyanov",
        "email": "xemul@openvz.org",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 23:40:07 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Oct 19 11:53:39 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "pid namespaces: move alloc_pid() lower in copy_process()\n\nWhen we create new namespace we will need to allocate the struct pid, that\nwill have one extra struct upid in array, comparing to the parent.\n\nThus we need to know the new namespace (if any) in alloc_pid() to init this\nstruct upid properly, so move the alloc_pid() call lower in copy_process().\n\nSigned-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov \u003cxemul@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: Sukadev Bhattiprolu \u003csukadev@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Paul Menage \u003cmenage@google.com\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "8ef047aaaeb811247a5639c92e2f2ae1221a28dd",
      "tree": "296a61f66daa8ac42b3d77a53d06a97eb71155c9",
      "parents": [
        "faacbfd3a6808bf87d8f353b42eceeaba2c78a47"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Pavel Emelyanov",
        "email": "xemul@openvz.org",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 23:40:05 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Oct 19 11:53:39 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "pid namespaces: make alloc_pid(), free_pid() and put_pid() work with struct upid\n\nEach struct upid element of struct pid has to be initialized properly, i.e.\nits nr mst be allocated from appropriate pidmap and ns set to appropriate\nnamespace.\n\nWhen allocating a new pid, we need to know the namespace this pid will live\nin, so the additional argument is added to alloc_pid().\n\nOn the other hand, the rest of the kernel still uses the pid-\u003enr and\npid-\u003epid_chain fields, so these ones are still initialized, but this will be\nremoved soon.\n\nSigned-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov \u003cxemul@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: Sukadev Bhattiprolu \u003csukadev@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Paul Menage \u003cmenage@google.com\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "cf7b708c8d1d7a27736771bcf4c457b332b0f818",
      "tree": "10f80257b052313b283f18ddfe35145882e0b47f",
      "parents": [
        "a6f5e06378970a2687332c2d54046245fcff1e7e"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Pavel Emelyanov",
        "email": "xemul@openvz.org",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 23:39:54 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Oct 19 11:53:37 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Make access to task\u0027s nsproxy lighter\n\nWhen someone wants to deal with some other taks\u0027s namespaces it has to lock\nthe task and then to get the desired namespace if the one exists.  This is\nslow on read-only paths and may be impossible in some cases.\n\nE.g.  Oleg recently noticed a race between unshare() and the (sent for\nreview in cgroups) pid namespaces - when the task notifies the parent it\nhas to know the parent\u0027s namespace, but taking the task_lock() is\nimpossible there - the code is under write locked tasklist lock.\n\nOn the other hand switching the namespace on task (daemonize) and releasing\nthe namespace (after the last task exit) is rather rare operation and we\ncan sacrifice its speed to solve the issues above.\n\nThe access to other task namespaces is proposed to be performed\nlike this:\n\n     rcu_read_lock();\n     nsproxy \u003d task_nsproxy(tsk);\n     if (nsproxy !\u003d NULL) {\n             / *\n               * work with the namespaces here\n               * e.g. get the reference on one of them\n               * /\n     } / *\n         * NULL task_nsproxy() means that this task is\n         * almost dead (zombie)\n         * /\n     rcu_read_unlock();\n\nThis patch has passed the review by Eric and Oleg :) and,\nof course, tested.\n\n[clg@fr.ibm.com: fix unshare()]\n[ebiederm@xmission.com: Update get_net_ns_by_pid]\nSigned-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov \u003cxemul@openvz.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: Paul E. McKenney \u003cpaulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Serge Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "a6f5e06378970a2687332c2d54046245fcff1e7e",
      "tree": "71b00526652f0fc6ebb99d0a869dec40b26eb1a6",
      "parents": [
        "b460cbc581a53cc088ceba80608021dd49c63c43"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Sukadev Bhattiprolu",
        "email": "sukadev@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 23:39:53 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Oct 19 11:53:37 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "pid namespaces: move alloc_pid() to copy_process()\n\nMove alloc_pid() into copy_process().  This will keep all pid and pid\nnamespace code together and simplify error handling when we support multiple\npid namespaces.\n\nSigned-off-by: Sukadev Bhattiprolu \u003csukadev@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Pavel Emelianov \u003cxemul@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Dave Hansen \u003chaveblue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Serge Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Herbert Poetzel \u003cherbert@13thfloor.at\u003e\nCc: Kirill Korotaev \u003cdev@sw.ru\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "a47afb0f9d794d525a372c8d69902147cc88222a",
      "tree": "7bd67280e2edc1c3b1803d4a93bee794088e9342",
      "parents": [
        "858d72ead4864da0fb0b89b919524125ce998e27"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Pavel Emelianov",
        "email": "xemul@openvz.org",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 23:39:46 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Oct 19 11:53:37 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "pid namespaces: round up the API\n\nThe set of functions process_session, task_session, process_group and\ntask_pgrp is confusing, as the names can be mixed with each other when looking\nat the code for a long time.\n\nThe proposals are to\n* equip the functions that return the integer with _nr suffix to\n  represent that fact,\n* and to make all functions work with task (not process) by making\n  the common prefix of the same name.\n\nFor monotony the routines signal_session() and set_signal_session() are\nreplaced with task_session_nr() and set_task_session(), especially since they\nare only used with the explicit task-\u003esignal dereference.\n\nSigned-off-by: Pavel Emelianov \u003cxemul@openvz.org\u003e\nAcked-by: Serge E. Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Kirill Korotaev \u003cdev@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Herbert Poetzl \u003cherbert@13thfloor.at\u003e\nCc: Sukadev Bhattiprolu \u003csukadev@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "8793d854edbc2774943a4b0de3304dc73991159a",
      "tree": "380b3403a0fedfcce61d9af5af1ffbcc71017abf",
      "parents": [
        "81a6a5cdd2c5cd70874b88afe524ab09e9e869af"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Paul Menage",
        "email": "menage@google.com",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 23:39:39 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Oct 19 11:53:36 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Task Control Groups: make cpusets a client of cgroups\n\nRemove the filesystem support logic from the cpusets system and makes cpusets\na cgroup subsystem\n\nThe \"cpuset\" filesystem becomes a dummy filesystem; attempts to mount it get\npassed through to the cgroup filesystem with the appropriate options to\nemulate the old cpuset filesystem behaviour.\n\nSigned-off-by: Paul Menage \u003cmenage@google.com\u003e\nCc: Serge E. Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Dave Hansen \u003chaveblue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Paul Jackson \u003cpj@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Kirill Korotaev \u003cdev@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: Herbert Poetzl \u003cherbert@13thfloor.at\u003e\nCc: Srivatsa Vaddagiri \u003cvatsa@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "817929ec274bcfe771586d338bb31d1659615686",
      "tree": "5a96ed1afd308016e8720437a00bf2f114e907cb",
      "parents": [
        "a424316ca154317367c7ddf89997d1c80e4a8051"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Paul Menage",
        "email": "menage@google.com",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 23:39:36 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Oct 19 11:53:36 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Task Control Groups: shared cgroup subsystem group arrays\n\nReplace the struct css_set embedded in task_struct with a pointer; all tasks\nthat have the same set of memberships across all hierarchies will share a\ncss_set object, and will be linked via their css_sets field to the \"tasks\"\nlist_head in the css_set.\n\nAssuming that many tasks share the same cgroup assignments, this reduces\noverall space usage and keeps the size of the task_struct down (three pointers\nadded to task_struct compared to a non-cgroups kernel, no matter how many\nsubsystems are registered).\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix a printk]\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix]\nSigned-off-by: Paul Menage \u003cmenage@google.com\u003e\nCc: Serge E. Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Dave Hansen \u003chaveblue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Paul Jackson \u003cpj@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Kirill Korotaev \u003cdev@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: Herbert Poetzl \u003cherbert@13thfloor.at\u003e\nCc: Srivatsa Vaddagiri \u003cvatsa@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Serge E. Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Dave Hansen \u003chaveblue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Paul Jackson \u003cpj@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Kirill Korotaev \u003cdev@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: Herbert Poetzl \u003cherbert@13thfloor.at\u003e\nCc: Srivatsa Vaddagiri \u003cvatsa@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki \u003ckamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "b4f48b6363c81ca743ef46943ef23fd72e60f679",
      "tree": "40437b78e2d7a7d9d71e7bd63bc96e1ad02daa94",
      "parents": [
        "355e0c48b757b7fcc79ccb98fda8105ed37a1598"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Paul Menage",
        "email": "menage@google.com",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 23:39:33 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Oct 19 11:53:36 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Task Control Groups: add fork()/exit() hooks\n\nThis adds the necessary hooks to the fork() and exit() paths to ensure\nthat new children inherit their parent\u0027s cgroup assignments, and that\nexiting processes release reference counts on their cgroups.\n\nSigned-off-by: Paul Menage \u003cmenage@google.com\u003e\nCc: Serge E. Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Dave Hansen \u003chaveblue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Paul Jackson \u003cpj@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Kirill Korotaev \u003cdev@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: Herbert Poetzl \u003cherbert@13thfloor.at\u003e\nCc: Srivatsa Vaddagiri \u003cvatsa@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "c66f08be7e3ad0a28bcd9a0aef766fdf08ea0ec6",
      "tree": "d147c0a43a66973014d924a6020388a249c509a7",
      "parents": [
        "898eb71cb17644964c5895fb190e79e3d0c49679"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Michael Neuling",
        "email": "mikey@neuling.org",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 03:06:34 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 14:37:28 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Add scaled time to taskstats based process accounting\n\nThis adds items to the taststats struct to account for user and system\ntime based on scaling the CPU frequency and instruction issue rates.\n\nAdds account_(user|system)_time_scaled callbacks which architectures\ncan use to account for time using this mechanism.\n\nSigned-off-by: Michael Neuling \u003cmikey@neuling.org\u003e\nCc: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Jay Lan \u003cjlan@engr.sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Paul Mackerras \u003cpaulus@samba.org\u003e\nCc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt \u003cbenh@kernel.crashing.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "23ff4440243fe3fa42515d18aa213be14bb706ee",
      "tree": "fab3db714dd99b34f7d6d1f87732a5f917022a2f",
      "parents": [
        "902749cdbd3da8199e57d082f36a6de60591aeb6"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Daniel Walker",
        "email": "dwalker@mvista.com",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 03:06:07 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 14:37:25 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "whitespace fixes: fork\n\nSigned-off-by: Daniel Walker \u003cdwalker@mvista.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "6212e3a388fdda3f19fa660ef5a30edf54d1dcfd",
      "tree": "7218bbf29af36ff0c36aa2af8323a5206ea44b1c",
      "parents": [
        "9cd9a0058dd35268b24fa16795a92c800f4086d4"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Alexey Dobriyan",
        "email": "adobriyan@gmail.com",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 03:04:56 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 14:37:20 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Remove struct task_struct::io_wait\n\nHell knows what happened in commit 63b05203af57e7de4f3bb63b8b81d43bc196d32b\nduring 2.6.9 development.  Commit introduced io_wait field which remained\nwrite-only than and still remains write-only.\n\nAlso garbage collect macros which \"use\" io_wait.\n\nSigned-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan \u003cadobriyan@gmail.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "2e1318956ce6bf149af5c5e98499b5cd99f99c89",
      "tree": "67226430b51133635bea0a74b670441562de9144",
      "parents": [
        "232b14328050a4639130b0dec185f43968e72035"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Rafael J. Wysocki",
        "email": "rjw@sisk.pl",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 03:04:45 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Oct 18 14:37:18 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "freezer: prevent new tasks from inheriting TIF_FREEZE set\n\nTasks should go to the refrigerator only if explicitly requested to do that by\nthe freezer and not as a result of inheriting the TIF_FREEZE flag set from the\nparent.  Make it happen.\n\nSigned-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki \u003crjw@sisk.pl\u003e\nAcked-by: Pavel Machek \u003cpavel@ucw.cz\u003e\nAcked-by: Nigel Cunningham \u003cnigel@nigel.suspend2.net\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "57c521ce6125e15e99e56c902cb8da96bee7b36d",
      "tree": "d6337e711db2d3baf6dcff89cf2d2bc1dd12a62f",
      "parents": [
        "20510f2f4e2dabb0ff6c13901807627ec9452f98"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Alexey Dobriyan",
        "email": "adobriyan@gmail.com",
        "time": "Tue Oct 16 23:31:35 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Wed Oct 17 08:43:07 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "ifdef struct task_struct::security\n\nFor those who don\u0027t care about CONFIG_SECURITY.\n\nSigned-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan \u003cadobriyan@gmail.com\u003e\nCc: \"Serge E. Hallyn\" \u003cserge@hallyn.com\u003e\nCc: Casey Schaufler \u003ccasey@schaufler-ca.com\u003e\nCc: James Morris \u003cjmorris@namei.org\u003e\nCc: Stephen Smalley \u003csds@tycho.nsa.gov\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "42b2dd0a02c512cf59c96f5c227bf54bfe5bbf08",
      "tree": "f9e4a572804897772d97e2db1ab0d2adcd28840c",
      "parents": [
        "bcbba6c10ef6b14b0542d7ed7380e95168175818"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Alexey Dobriyan",
        "email": "adobriyan@sw.ru",
        "time": "Tue Oct 16 23:27:30 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Wed Oct 17 08:42:55 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Shrink task_struct if CONFIG_FUTEX\u003dn\n\nrobust_list, compat_robust_list, pi_state_list, pi_state_cache are\nreally used if futexes are on.\n\nSigned-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan \u003cadobriyan@sw.ru\u003e\nAcked-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "4ba9b9d0ba0a49d91fa6417c7510ee36f48cf957",
      "tree": "191b4f45f926e44b882b1e87a9a85dc12230b892",
      "parents": [
        "b811c202a0edadaac7242ab834fe7ba409978ae7"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Christoph Lameter",
        "email": "clameter@sgi.com",
        "time": "Tue Oct 16 23:25:51 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Wed Oct 17 08:42:45 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Slab API: remove useless ctor parameter and reorder parameters\n\nSlab constructors currently have a flags parameter that is never used.  And\nthe order of the arguments is opposite to other slab functions.  The object\npointer is placed before the kmem_cache pointer.\n\nConvert\n\n        ctor(void *object, struct kmem_cache *s, unsigned long flags)\n\nto\n\n        ctor(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object)\n\nthroughout the kernel\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coupla fixes]\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Lameter \u003cclameter@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "3e26c149c358529b1605f8959341d34bc4b880a3",
      "tree": "9d173b1753b86bcf03a8591e2509e3162234447c",
      "parents": [
        "04fbfdc14e5f48463820d6b9807daa5e9c92c51f"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Peter Zijlstra",
        "email": "a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl",
        "time": "Tue Oct 16 23:25:50 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Wed Oct 17 08:42:45 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "mm: dirty balancing for tasks\n\nBased on ideas of Andrew:\n  http://marc.info/?l\u003dlinux-kernel\u0026m\u003d102912915020543\u0026w\u003d2\n\nScale the bdi dirty limit inversly with the tasks dirty rate.\nThis makes heavy writers have a lower dirty limit than the occasional writer.\n\nAndrea proposed something similar:\n  http://lwn.net/Articles/152277/\n\nThe main disadvantage to his patch is that he uses an unrelated quantity to\nmeasure time, which leaves him with a workload dependant tunable. Other than\nthat the two approaches appear quite similar.\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix warning]\nSigned-off-by: Peter Zijlstra \u003ca.p.zijlstra@chello.nl\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "9ac52315d4cf5f561f36dabaf0720c00d3553162",
      "tree": "afe7284f34a65d2540fcb2a9b764834f9d790fa7",
      "parents": [
        "5e84cfde51cf303d368fcb48f22059f37b3872de"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Laurent Vivier",
        "email": "Laurent.Vivier@bull.net",
        "time": "Mon Oct 15 17:00:19 2007 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Mon Oct 15 17:00:19 2007 +0200"
      },
      "message": "sched: guest CPU accounting: add guest-CPU /proc/\u003cpid\u003e/stat fields\n\nlike for cpustat, introduce the \"gtime\" (guest time of the task) and\n\"cgtime\" (guest time of the task children) fields for the\ntasks. Modify signal_struct and task_struct.\n\nModify /proc/\u003cpid\u003e/stat to display these new fields.\n\nSigned-off-by: Laurent Vivier \u003cLaurent.Vivier@bull.net\u003e\nAcked-by: Avi Kivity \u003cavi@qumranet.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "9dd776b6d7b0b85966b6ddd03e2b2aae59012ab1",
      "tree": "ed92aee1f242bb31a0965a4156063eac916ae15e",
      "parents": [
        "8b41d1887db718be9a2cd9e18c58ce25a4c7fd93"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Eric W. Biederman",
        "email": "ebiederm@xmission.com",
        "time": "Wed Sep 26 22:04:26 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "David S. Miller",
        "email": "davem@sunset.davemloft.net",
        "time": "Wed Oct 10 16:52:46 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[NET]: Add network namespace clone \u0026 unshare support.\n\nThis patch allows you to create a new network namespace\nusing sys_clone, or sys_unshare.\n\nAs the network namespace is still experimental and under development\nclone and unshare support is only made available when CONFIG_NET_NS is\nselected at compile time.\n\nAs this patch introduces network namespace support into code paths\nthat exist when the CONFIG_NET is not selected there are a few\nadditions made to net_namespace.h to allow a few more functions\nto be used when the networking stack is not compiled in.\n\nSigned-off-by: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: David S. Miller \u003cdavem@davemloft.net\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "b8fceee17a310f189188599a8fa5e9beaff57eb0",
      "tree": "21308319be2579059a4d4d7db680a73334659f82",
      "parents": [
        "9db619e66503494e41159de3c76fafabe80d016b"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Davide Libenzi",
        "email": "davidel@xmailserver.org",
        "time": "Thu Sep 20 12:40:16 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Sep 20 13:19:59 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "signalfd simplification\n\nThis simplifies signalfd code, by avoiding it to remain attached to the\nsighand during its lifetime.\n\nIn this way, the signalfd remain attached to the sighand only during\npoll(2) (and select and epoll) and read(2).  This also allows to remove\nall the custom \"tsk \u003d\u003d current\" checks in kernel/signal.c, since\ndequeue_signal() will only be called by \"current\".\n\nI think this is also what Ben was suggesting time ago.\n\nThe external effect of this, is that a thread can extract only its own\nprivate signals and the group ones.  I think this is an acceptable\nbehaviour, in that those are the signals the thread would be able to\nfetch w/out signalfd.\n\nSigned-off-by: Davide Libenzi \u003cdavidel@xmailserver.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "20c2df83d25c6a95affe6157a4c9cac4cf5ffaac",
      "tree": "415c4453d2b17a50abe7a3e515177e1fa337bd67",
      "parents": [
        "64fb98fc40738ae1a98bcea9ca3145b89fb71524"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Paul Mundt",
        "email": "lethal@linux-sh.org",
        "time": "Fri Jul 20 10:11:58 2007 +0900"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Paul Mundt",
        "email": "lethal@linux-sh.org",
        "time": "Fri Jul 20 10:11:58 2007 +0900"
      },
      "message": "mm: Remove slab destructors from kmem_cache_create().\n\nSlab destructors were no longer supported after Christoph\u0027s\nc59def9f222d44bb7e2f0a559f2906191a0862d7 change. They\u0027ve been\nBUGs for both slab and slub, and slob never supported them\neither.\n\nThis rips out support for the dtor pointer from kmem_cache_create()\ncompletely and fixes up every single callsite in the kernel (there were\nabout 224, not including the slab allocator definitions themselves,\nor the documentation references).\n\nSigned-off-by: Paul Mundt \u003clethal@linux-sh.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "d7e28ffe6c74416b54345d6004fd0964c115b12c",
      "tree": "844beb4f400d5400098538e0c1e5f12d20a9504a",
      "parents": [
        "07ad157f6e5d228be78acd5cea0291e5d0360398"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Rusty Russell",
        "email": "rusty@rustcorp.com.au",
        "time": "Thu Jul 19 01:49:23 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Jul 19 10:04:52 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "lguest: the host code\n\nThis is the code for the \"lg.ko\" module, which allows lguest guests to\nbe launched.\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: update for futex-new-private-futexes]\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix]\n[jmorris@namei.org: lguest: use hrtimers]\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: x86_64 build fix]\nSigned-off-by: Rusty Russell \u003crusty@rustcorp.com.au\u003e\nCc: Andi Kleen \u003cak@suse.de\u003e\nCc: Eric Dumazet \u003cdada1@cosmosbay.com\u003e\nCc: Thomas Gleixner \u003ctglx@linutronix.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "5992b6dac0d23a2b51a1ccbaf8f1a2e62097b12b",
      "tree": "47b059a9f22d6d0111c669d808617aa73a709259",
      "parents": [
        "57deb52622f3700d154e32662f36cd5f4053f6ed"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Rusty Russell",
        "email": "rusty@rustcorp.com.au",
        "time": "Thu Jul 19 01:49:21 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Jul 19 10:04:52 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "lguest: export symbols for lguest as a module\n\nlguest does some fairly lowlevel things to support a host, which\nnormal modules don\u0027t need:\n\nmath_state_restore:\n\tWhen the guest triggers a Device Not Available fault, we need\n\tto be able to restore the FPU\n\n__put_task_struct:\n\tWe need to hold a reference to another task for inter-guest\n\tI/O, and put_task_struct() is an inline function which calls\n\t__put_task_struct.\n\naccess_process_vm:\n\tWe need to access another task for inter-guest I/O.\n\nmap_vm_area \u0026 __get_vm_area:\n\tWe need to map the switcher shim (ie. monitor) at 0xFFC01000.\n\nSigned-off-by: Rusty Russell \u003crusty@rustcorp.com.au\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "3cb4a0bb1e773e3c41800b33a3f7dab32bd06c64",
      "tree": "d363522865706f0674b7b104a8fc7b151f336764",
      "parents": [
        "6c5d523826dc639df709ed0f88c5d2ce25379652"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Kawai, Hidehiro",
        "email": "hidehiro.kawai.ez@hitachi.com",
        "time": "Thu Jul 19 01:48:28 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Jul 19 10:04:47 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "coredump masking: add an interface for core dump filter\n\nThis patch adds an interface to set/reset flags which determines each memory\nsegment should be dumped or not when a core file is generated.\n\n/proc/\u003cpid\u003e/coredump_filter file is provided to access the flags.  You can\nchange the flag status for a particular process by writing to or reading from\nthe file.\n\nThe flag status is inherited to the child process when it is created.\n\nSigned-off-by: Hidehiro Kawai \u003chidehiro.kawai.ez@hitachi.com\u003e\nCc: Alan Cox \u003calan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk\u003e\nCc: David Howells \u003cdhowells@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Hugh Dickins \u003chugh@veritas.com\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnickpiggin@yahoo.com.au\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "831441862956fffa17b9801db37e6ea1650b0f69",
      "tree": "b0334921341f8f1734bdd3243de76d676329d21c",
      "parents": [
        "787d2214c19bcc9b6ac48af0ce098277a801eded"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Rafael J. Wysocki",
        "email": "rjw@sisk.pl",
        "time": "Tue Jul 17 04:03:35 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Tue Jul 17 10:23:02 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Freezer: make kernel threads nonfreezable by default\n\nCurrently, the freezer treats all tasks as freezable, except for the kernel\nthreads that explicitly set the PF_NOFREEZE flag for themselves.  This\napproach is problematic, since it requires every kernel thread to either\nset PF_NOFREEZE explicitly, or call try_to_freeze(), even if it doesn\u0027t\ncare for the freezing of tasks at all.\n\nIt seems better to only require the kernel threads that want to or need to\nbe frozen to use some freezer-related code and to remove any\nfreezer-related code from the other (nonfreezable) kernel threads, which is\ndone in this patch.\n\nThe patch causes all kernel threads to be nonfreezable by default (ie.  to\nhave PF_NOFREEZE set by default) and introduces the set_freezable()\nfunction that should be called by the freezable kernel threads in order to\nunset PF_NOFREEZE.  It also makes all of the currently freezable kernel\nthreads call set_freezable(), so it shouldn\u0027t cause any (intentional)\nchange of behaviour to appear.  Additionally, it updates documentation to\ndescribe the freezing of tasks more accurately.\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fixes]\nSigned-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki \u003crjw@sisk.pl\u003e\nAcked-by: Nigel Cunningham \u003cnigel@nigel.suspend2.net\u003e\nCc: Pavel Machek \u003cpavel@ucw.cz\u003e\nCc: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: Gautham R Shenoy \u003cego@in.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "77ec739d8d0979477fc91f530403805afa2581a4",
      "tree": "0cefb80a7ff8d57a8f735954fdeb88e9efbaf05c",
      "parents": [
        "acce292c82d4d82d35553b928df2b0597c3a9c78"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Serge E. Hallyn",
        "email": "serue@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Sun Jul 15 23:41:01 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Mon Jul 16 09:05:47 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "user namespace: add unshare\n\nThis patch enables the unshare of user namespaces.\n\nIt adds a new clone flag CLONE_NEWUSER and implements copy_user_ns() which\nresets the current user_struct and adds a new root user (uid \u003d\u003d 0)\n\nFor now, unsharing the user namespace allows a process to reset its\nuser_struct accounting and uid 0 in the new user namespace should be contained\nusing appropriate means, for instance selinux\n\nThe plan, when the full support is complete (all uid checks covered), is to\nkeep the original user\u0027s rights in the original namespace, and let a process\nbecome uid 0 in the new namespace, with full capabilities to the new\nnamespace.\n\nSigned-off-by: Serge E. Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Pavel Emelianov \u003cxemul@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: Herbert Poetzl \u003cherbert@13thfloor.at\u003e\nCc: Kirill Korotaev \u003cdev@sw.ru\u003e\nCc: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Chris Wright \u003cchrisw@sous-sol.org\u003e\nCc: Stephen Smalley \u003csds@tycho.nsa.gov\u003e\nCc: James Morris \u003cjmorris@namei.org\u003e\nCc: Andrew Morgan \u003cagm@google.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "acce292c82d4d82d35553b928df2b0597c3a9c78",
      "tree": "464288f40db9c254da214c400d0880ee50dc37f3",
      "parents": [
        "7d69a1f4a72b18876c99c697692b78339d491568"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Cedric Le Goater",
        "email": "clg@fr.ibm.com",
        "time": "Sun Jul 15 23:40:59 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Mon Jul 16 09:05:47 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "user namespace: add the framework\n\nBasically, it will allow a process to unshare its user_struct table,\nresetting at the same time its own user_struct and all the associated\naccounting.\n\nA new root user (uid \u003d\u003d 0) is added to the user namespace upon creation.\nSuch root users have full privileges and it seems that theses privileges\nshould be controlled through some means (process capabilities ?)\n\nThe unshare is not included in this patch.\n\nChanges since [try #4]:\n\t- Updated get_user_ns and put_user_ns to accept NULL, and\n\t  get_user_ns to return the namespace.\n\nChanges since [try #3]:\n\t- moved struct user_namespace to files user_namespace.{c,h}\n\nChanges since [try #2]:\n\t- removed struct user_namespace* argument from find_user()\n\nChanges since [try #1]:\n\t- removed struct user_namespace* argument from find_user()\n\t- added a root_user per user namespace\n\nSigned-off-by: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Serge E. Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Pavel Emelianov \u003cxemul@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: Herbert Poetzl \u003cherbert@13thfloor.at\u003e\nCc: Kirill Korotaev \u003cdev@sw.ru\u003e\nCc: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Chris Wright \u003cchrisw@sous-sol.org\u003e\nCc: Stephen Smalley \u003csds@tycho.nsa.gov\u003e\nCc: James Morris \u003cjmorris@namei.org\u003e\nCc: Andrew Morgan \u003cagm@google.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "522ed7767e800cff6c650ec64b0ee0677303119c",
      "tree": "f65ecb29f2cf885018d3557f840de3ef4be6ec64",
      "parents": [
        "4f27c00bf80f122513d3a5be16ed851573164534"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Miloslav Trmac",
        "email": "mitr@redhat.com",
        "time": "Sun Jul 15 23:40:56 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Mon Jul 16 09:05:47 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Audit: add TTY input auditing\n\nAdd TTY input auditing, used to audit system administrator\u0027s actions.  This is\nrequired by various security standards such as DCID 6/3 and PCI to provide\nnon-repudiation of administrator\u0027s actions and to allow a review of past\nactions if the administrator seems to overstep their duties or if the system\nbecomes misconfigured for unknown reasons.  These requirements do not make it\nnecessary to audit TTY output as well.\n\nCompared to an user-space keylogger, this approach records TTY input using the\naudit subsystem, correlated with other audit events, and it is completely\ntransparent to the user-space application (e.g.  the console ioctls still\nwork).\n\nTTY input auditing works on a higher level than auditing all system calls\nwithin the session, which would produce an overwhelming amount of mostly\nuseless audit events.\n\nAdd an \"audit_tty\" attribute, inherited across fork ().  Data read from TTYs\nby process with the attribute is sent to the audit subsystem by the kernel.\nThe audit netlink interface is extended to allow modifying the audit_tty\nattribute, and to allow sending explanatory audit events from user-space (for\nexample, a shell might send an event containing the final command, after the\ninteractive command-line editing and history expansion is performed, which\nmight be difficult to decipher from the TTY input alone).\n\nBecause the \"audit_tty\" attribute is inherited across fork (), it would be set\ne.g.  for sshd restarted within an audited session.  To prevent this, the\naudit_tty attribute is cleared when a process with no open TTY file\ndescriptors (e.g.  after daemon startup) opens a TTY.\n\nSee https://www.redhat.com/archives/linux-audit/2007-June/msg00000.html for a\nmore detailed rationale document for an older version of this patch.\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix]\nSigned-off-by: Miloslav Trmac \u003cmitr@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\nCc: Alan Cox \u003calan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk\u003e\nCc: Paul Fulghum \u003cpaulkf@microgate.com\u003e\nCc: Casey Schaufler \u003ccasey@schaufler-ca.com\u003e\nCc: Steve Grubb \u003csgrubb@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "924b42d5a2dbe508407a0a6290d3751f826bccdd",
      "tree": "c13a647ae93bcf033bddb713c1e117e84698c679",
      "parents": [
        "7c3f1a573237b90ef331267260358a0ec4ac9079"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Tomas Janousek",
        "email": "tjanouse@redhat.com",
        "time": "Sun Jul 15 23:39:42 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Mon Jul 16 09:05:41 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Use boot based time for process start time and boot time in /proc\n\nCommit 411187fb05cd11676b0979d9fbf3291db69dbce2 caused boot time to move and\nprocess start times to become invalid after suspend.  Using boot based time\nfor those restores the old behaviour and fixes the issue.\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: little cleanup]\nSigned-off-by: Tomas Janousek \u003ctjanouse@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Tomas Smetana \u003ctsmetana@redhat.com\u003e\nAcked-by: John Stultz \u003cjohnstul@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Thomas Gleixner \u003ctglx@linutronix.de\u003e\nCc: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "172ba844a8851c3edd13c0a979cdf46bd5e3cc1a",
      "tree": "5e1bfd820c8e68fc28450688f166f4136351e1e1",
      "parents": [
        "b27f03d4bdc145a09fb7b0c0e004b29f1ee555fa"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Balbir Singh",
        "email": "balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com",
        "time": "Mon Jul 09 18:52:00 2007 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Mon Jul 09 18:52:00 2007 +0200"
      },
      "message": "sched: update delay-accounting to use CFS\u0027s precise stats\n\nupdate delay-accounting to use CFS\u0027s precise stats.\n\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "ba96a0c88098697a63e80157718b7440414ed24d",
      "tree": "bdd999761eed452cc162f5b63166d1014aaf2e3e",
      "parents": [
        "33e1c288da62a6a5aa9077a6b7bfa690b1b02cf4"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Rafael J. Wysocki",
        "email": "rjw@sisk.pl",
        "time": "Wed May 23 13:57:25 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Wed May 23 20:14:11 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "freezer: fix vfork problem\n\nCurrently try_to_freeze_tasks() has to wait until all of the vforked processes\nexit and for this reason every user can make it fail.  To fix this problem we\ncan introduce the additional process flag PF_FREEZER_SKIP to be used by tasks\nthat do not want to be counted as freezable by the freezer and want to have\nTIF_FREEZE set nevertheless.  Then, this flag can be set by tasks using\nsys_vfork() before they call wait_for_completion(\u0026vfork) and cleared after\nthey have woken up.  After clearing it, the tasks should call try_to_freeze()\nas soon as possible.\n\nSigned-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki \u003crjw@sisk.pl\u003e\nCc: Gautham R Shenoy \u003cego@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: Pavel Machek \u003cpavel@ucw.cz\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "a35afb830f8d71ec211531aeb9a621b09a2efb39",
      "tree": "198280081e1f8b2f6c450742a5075cc7904a3d58",
      "parents": [
        "5577bd8a85c8b7643a241789b14fafa9c8a6c7db"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Christoph Lameter",
        "email": "clameter@sgi.com",
        "time": "Wed May 16 22:10:57 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu May 17 05:23:04 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Remove SLAB_CTOR_CONSTRUCTOR\n\nSLAB_CTOR_CONSTRUCTOR is always specified. No point in checking it.\n\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Lameter \u003cclameter@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: David Howells \u003cdhowells@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Jens Axboe \u003cjens.axboe@oracle.com\u003e\nCc: Steven French \u003csfrench@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Michael Halcrow \u003cmhalcrow@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: OGAWA Hirofumi \u003chirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp\u003e\nCc: Miklos Szeredi \u003cmiklos@szeredi.hu\u003e\nCc: Steven Whitehouse \u003cswhiteho@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Roman Zippel \u003czippel@linux-m68k.org\u003e\nCc: David Woodhouse \u003cdwmw2@infradead.org\u003e\nCc: Dave Kleikamp \u003cshaggy@austin.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Trond Myklebust \u003ctrond.myklebust@fys.uio.no\u003e\nCc: \"J. Bruce Fields\" \u003cbfields@fieldses.org\u003e\nCc: Anton Altaparmakov \u003caia21@cantab.net\u003e\nCc: Mark Fasheh \u003cmark.fasheh@oracle.com\u003e\nCc: Paul Mackerras \u003cpaulus@samba.org\u003e\nCc: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@lst.de\u003e\nCc: Jan Kara \u003cjack@ucw.cz\u003e\nCc: David Chinner \u003cdgc@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: \"David S. Miller\" \u003cdavem@davemloft.net\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "fba2afaaec790dc5ab4ae8827972f342211bbb86",
      "tree": "2694d4cd8c6b7d69a5569b92151d61a3d4af39b7",
      "parents": [
        "5dc8bf8132d59c03fe2562bce165c2f03f021687"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Davide Libenzi",
        "email": "davidel@xmailserver.org",
        "time": "Thu May 10 22:23:13 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri May 11 08:29:36 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "signal/timer/event: signalfd core\n\nThis patch series implements the new signalfd() system call.\n\nI took part of the original Linus code (and you know how badly it can be\nbroken :), and I added even more breakage ;) Signals are fetched from the same\nsignal queue used by the process, so signalfd will compete with standard\nkernel delivery in dequeue_signal().  If you want to reliably fetch signals on\nthe signalfd file, you need to block them with sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK).  This\nseems to be working fine on my Dual Opteron machine.  I made a quick test\nprogram for it:\n\nhttp://www.xmailserver.org/signafd-test.c\n\nThe signalfd() system call implements signal delivery into a file descriptor\nreceiver.  The signalfd file descriptor if created with the following API:\n\nint signalfd(int ufd, const sigset_t *mask, size_t masksize);\n\nThe \"ufd\" parameter allows to change an existing signalfd sigmask, w/out going\nto close/create cycle (Linus idea).  Use \"ufd\" \u003d\u003d -1 if you want a brand new\nsignalfd file.\n\nThe \"mask\" allows to specify the signal mask of signals that we are interested\nin.  The \"masksize\" parameter is the size of \"mask\".\n\nThe signalfd fd supports the poll(2) and read(2) system calls.  The poll(2)\nwill return POLLIN when signals are available to be dequeued.  As a direct\nconsequence of supporting the Linux poll subsystem, the signalfd fd can use\nused together with epoll(2) too.\n\nThe read(2) system call will return a \"struct signalfd_siginfo\" structure in\nthe userspace supplied buffer.  The return value is the number of bytes copied\nin the supplied buffer, or -1 in case of error.  The read(2) call can also\nreturn 0, in case the sighand structure to which the signalfd was attached,\nhas been orphaned.  The O_NONBLOCK flag is also supported, and read(2) will\nreturn -EAGAIN in case no signal is available.\n\nIf the size of the buffer passed to read(2) is lower than sizeof(struct\nsignalfd_siginfo), -EINVAL is returned.  A read from the signalfd can also\nreturn -ERESTARTSYS in case a signal hits the process.  The format of the\nstruct signalfd_siginfo is, and the valid fields depends of the (-\u003ecode \u0026\n__SI_MASK) value, in the same way a struct siginfo would:\n\nstruct signalfd_siginfo {\n\t__u32 signo;\t/* si_signo */\n\t__s32 err;\t/* si_errno */\n\t__s32 code;\t/* si_code */\n\t__u32 pid;\t/* si_pid */\n\t__u32 uid;\t/* si_uid */\n\t__s32 fd;\t/* si_fd */\n\t__u32 tid;\t/* si_fd */\n\t__u32 band;\t/* si_band */\n\t__u32 overrun;\t/* si_overrun */\n\t__u32 trapno;\t/* si_trapno */\n\t__s32 status;\t/* si_status */\n\t__s32 svint;\t/* si_int */\n\t__u64 svptr;\t/* si_ptr */\n\t__u64 utime;\t/* si_utime */\n\t__u64 stime;\t/* si_stime */\n\t__u64 addr;\t/* si_addr */\n};\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix signalfd_copyinfo() on i386]\nSigned-off-by: Davide Libenzi \u003cdavidel@xmailserver.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "0800d30832ddecf2d9dc40068fed9df95930a8f1",
      "tree": "fa4aa77d9cd95818b4ba32ced6bbb096c19b1bfb",
      "parents": [
        "85868995d9d82de5b0de38d695559daddffef893"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Sukadev Bhattiprolu",
        "email": "sukadev@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Thu May 10 22:23:04 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri May 11 08:29:36 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Use task_pgrp() task_session() in copy_process()\n\nUse task_pgrp() and task_session() in copy_process(), and avoid find_pid()\ncall when attaching the task to its process group and session.\n\nSigned-off-by: Sukadev Bhattiprolu \u003csukadev@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Dave Hansen \u003chaveblue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Serge Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: \u003ccontainers@lists.osdl.org\u003e\nAcked-by: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "85868995d9d82de5b0de38d695559daddffef893",
      "tree": "d66d265a14739e2c622c8e3ce507e09ffc5200fb",
      "parents": [
        "0e29b24aa6b3eb6c161cbb9e42fc20b47e67a7c6"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Sukadev Bhattiprolu",
        "email": "sukadev@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Thu May 10 22:23:03 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri May 11 08:29:35 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Use struct pid parameter in copy_process()\n\nModify copy_process() to take a struct pid * parameter instead of a pid_t.\nThis simplifies the code a bit and also avoids having to call find_pid() to\nconvert the pid_t to a struct pid.\n\nChangelog:\n\t- Fixed Badari Pulavarty\u0027s comments and passed in \u0026init_struct_pid\n\t  from fork_idle().\n\t- Fixed Eric Biederman\u0027s comments and simplified this patch and\n\t  used a new patch to remove the likely(pid) check.\n\nSigned-off-by: Sukadev Bhattiprolu \u003csukadev@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Dave Hansen \u003chaveblue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Serge Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Eric Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: \u003ccontainers@lists.osdl.org\u003e\nAcked-by: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "e713d0dab21a68500720e222fa02567fc7dfb14b",
      "tree": "a56f90ce94d9287b73da6db72ed0e73542a70a07",
      "parents": [
        "4ac24b3ba9016881b11646114bb5cd12cf23edd9"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Sukadev Bhattiprolu",
        "email": "sukadev@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Thu May 10 22:22:58 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri May 11 08:29:35 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "attach_pid() with struct pid parameter\n\nattach_pid() currently takes a pid_t and then uses find_pid() to find the\ncorresponding struct pid.  Sometimes we already have the struct pid.  We can\nthen skip find_pid() if attach_pid() were to take a struct pid parameter.\n\nSigned-off-by: Sukadev Bhattiprolu \u003csukadev@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Dave Hansen \u003chaveblue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Serge Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: \u003ccontainers@lists.osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "6eaeeaba39e5fa3d52a0bb8de15e995516ae251a",
      "tree": "5b4052fabfe107ad5332cb758ad8d86ea5a87848",
      "parents": [
        "02239c29967418284c05d58971894d658575e78c"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Eric Dumazet",
        "email": "dada1@cosmosbay.com",
        "time": "Thu May 10 22:22:37 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri May 11 08:29:34 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "getrusage(): fill ru_inblock and ru_oublock fields if possible\n\nIf CONFIG_TASK_IO_ACCOUNTING is defined, we update io accounting counters for\neach task.\n\nThis patch permits reporting of values using the well known getrusage()\nsyscall, filling ru_inblock and ru_oublock instead of null values.\n\nAs TASK_IO_ACCOUNTING currently counts bytes counts, we approximate blocks\ncount doing : nr_blocks \u003d nr_bytes / 512\n\nExample of use :\n----------------------\nAfter patch is applied, /usr/bin/time command can now give a good\napproximation of IO that the process had to do.\n\n$ /usr/bin/time grep tototo /usr/include/*\nCommand exited with non-zero status 1\n0.00user 0.02system 0:02.11elapsed 1%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 0maxresident)k\n24288inputs+0outputs (0major+259minor)pagefaults 0swaps\n\n$ /usr/bin/time dd if\u003d/dev/zero of\u003d/tmp/testfile count\u003d1000\n1000+0 enregistrements lus\n1000+0 enregistrements écrits\n512000 octets (512 kB) copiés, 0,00326601 seconde, 157 MB/s\n0.00user 0.00system 0:00.00elapsed 80%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 0maxresident)k\n0inputs+3000outputs (0major+299minor)pagefaults 0swaps\n\nSigned-off-by: Eric Dumazet \u003cdada1@cosmosbay.com\u003e\nCc: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "f7e4217b007d1f73e7e3cf10ba4fea4a608c603f",
      "tree": "9c3932bb871d4b6727dc588e4d6c9987637aaee5",
      "parents": [
        "c9f4f06d3191bd91c1a081b54a6c8e913e7b8a83"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Roman Zippel",
        "email": "zippel@linux-m68k.org",
        "time": "Wed May 09 02:35:17 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Wed May 09 12:30:56 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "rename thread_info to stack\n\nThis finally renames the thread_info field in task structure to stack, so that\nthe assumptions about this field are gone and archs have more freedom about\nplacing the thread_info structure.\n\nNonbroken archs which have a proper thread pointer can do the access to both\ncurrent thread and task structure via a single pointer.\n\nIt\u0027ll allow for a few more cleanups of the fork code, from which e.g.  ia64\ncould benefit.\n\nSigned-off-by: Roman Zippel \u003czippel@linux-m68k.org\u003e\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix]\nCc: Richard Henderson \u003crth@twiddle.net\u003e\nCc: Ivan Kokshaysky \u003cink@jurassic.park.msu.ru\u003e\nCc: Russell King \u003crmk@arm.linux.org.uk\u003e\nCc: Ian Molton \u003cspyro@f2s.com\u003e\nCc: Haavard Skinnemoen \u003chskinnemoen@atmel.com\u003e\nCc: Mikael Starvik \u003cstarvik@axis.com\u003e\nCc: David Howells \u003cdhowells@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Yoshinori Sato \u003cysato@users.sourceforge.jp\u003e\nCc: \"Luck, Tony\" \u003ctony.luck@intel.com\u003e\nCc: Hirokazu Takata \u003ctakata@linux-m32r.org\u003e\nCc: Geert Uytterhoeven \u003cgeert@linux-m68k.org\u003e\nCc: Roman Zippel \u003czippel@linux-m68k.org\u003e\nCc: Greg Ungerer \u003cgerg@uclinux.org\u003e\nCc: Ralf Baechle \u003cralf@linux-mips.org\u003e\nCc: Ralf Baechle \u003cralf@linux-mips.org\u003e\nCc: Paul Mackerras \u003cpaulus@samba.org\u003e\nCc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt \u003cbenh@kernel.crashing.org\u003e\nCc: Heiko Carstens \u003cheiko.carstens@de.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Martin Schwidefsky \u003cschwidefsky@de.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Paul Mundt \u003clethal@linux-sh.org\u003e\nCc: Kazumoto Kojima \u003ckkojima@rr.iij4u.or.jp\u003e\nCc: Richard Curnow \u003crc@rc0.org.uk\u003e\nCc: William Lee Irwin III \u003cwli@holomorphy.com\u003e\nCc: \"David S. Miller\" \u003cdavem@davemloft.net\u003e\nCc: Jeff Dike \u003cjdike@addtoit.com\u003e\nCc: Paolo \u0027Blaisorblade\u0027 Giarrusso \u003cblaisorblade@yahoo.it\u003e\nCc: Miles Bader \u003cuclinux-v850@lsi.nec.co.jp\u003e\nCc: Andi Kleen \u003cak@muc.de\u003e\nCc: Chris Zankel \u003cchris@zankel.net\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "e63340ae6b6205fef26b40a75673d1c9c0c8bb90",
      "tree": "8d3212705515edec73c3936bb9e23c71d34a7b41",
      "parents": [
        "04c9167f91e309c9c4ea982992aa08e83b2eb42e"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Randy Dunlap",
        "email": "randy.dunlap@oracle.com",
        "time": "Tue May 08 00:28:08 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Tue May 08 11:15:07 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "header cleaning: don\u0027t include smp_lock.h when not used\n\nRemove includes of \u003clinux/smp_lock.h\u003e where it is not used/needed.\nSuggested by Al Viro.\n\nBuilds cleanly on x86_64, i386, alpha, ia64, powerpc, sparc,\nsparc64, and arm (all 59 defconfigs).\n\nSigned-off-by: Randy Dunlap \u003crandy.dunlap@oracle.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "e3222c4ecc649c4ae568e61dda9349482401b501",
      "tree": "d96614ef67d947a3dd8ab0929a4755bce9fdbcc1",
      "parents": [
        "4fc75ff4816c3483b4b772b2f6cb3d8fd88ca547"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Badari Pulavarty",
        "email": "pbadari@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Tue May 08 00:25:21 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Tue May 08 11:15:00 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Merge sys_clone()/sys_unshare() nsproxy and namespace handling\n\nsys_clone() and sys_unshare() both makes copies of nsproxy and its associated\nnamespaces.  But they have different code paths.\n\nThis patch merges all the nsproxy and its associated namespace copy/clone\nhandling (as much as possible).  Posted on container list earlier for\nfeedback.\n\n- Create a new nsproxy and its associated namespaces and pass it back to\n  caller to attach it to right process.\n\n- Changed all copy_*_ns() routines to return a new copy of namespace\n  instead of attaching it to task-\u003ensproxy.\n\n- Moved the CAP_SYS_ADMIN checks out of copy_*_ns() routines.\n\n- Removed unnessary !ns checks from copy_*_ns() and added BUG_ON()\n  just incase.\n\n- Get rid of all individual unshare_*_ns() routines and make use of\n  copy_*_ns() instead.\n\n[akpm@osdl.org: cleanups, warning fix]\n[clg@fr.ibm.com: remove dup_namespaces() declaration]\n[serue@us.ibm.com: fix CONFIG_IPC_NS\u003dn, clone(CLONE_NEWIPC) retval]\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build with CONFIG_SYSVIPC\u003dn]\nSigned-off-by: Badari Pulavarty \u003cpbadari@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Serge Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: \u003ccontainers@lists.osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "50953fe9e00ebbeffa032a565ab2f08312d51a87",
      "tree": "9f95f56f0b51600959a76cd88ce17f6e9c7a98a3",
      "parents": [
        "4b1d89290b62bb2db476c94c82cf7442aab440c8"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Christoph Lameter",
        "email": "clameter@sgi.com",
        "time": "Sun May 06 14:50:16 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Mon May 07 12:12:57 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "slab allocators: Remove SLAB_DEBUG_INITIAL flag\n\nI have never seen a use of SLAB_DEBUG_INITIAL.  It is only supported by\nSLAB.\n\nI think its purpose was to have a callback after an object has been freed\nto verify that the state is the constructor state again?  The callback is\nperformed before each freeing of an object.\n\nI would think that it is much easier to check the object state manually\nbefore the free.  That also places the check near the code object\nmanipulation of the object.\n\nAlso the SLAB_DEBUG_INITIAL callback is only performed if the kernel was\ncompiled with SLAB debugging on.  If there would be code in a constructor\nhandling SLAB_DEBUG_INITIAL then it would have to be conditional on\nSLAB_DEBUG otherwise it would just be dead code.  But there is no such code\nin the kernel.  I think SLUB_DEBUG_INITIAL is too problematic to make real\nuse of, difficult to understand and there are easier ways to accomplish the\nsame effect (i.e.  add debug code before kfree).\n\nThere is a related flag SLAB_CTOR_VERIFY that is frequently checked to be\nclear in fs inode caches.  Remove the pointless checks (they would even be\npointless without removeal of SLAB_DEBUG_INITIAL) from the fs constructors.\n\nThis is the last slab flag that SLUB did not support.  Remove the check for\nunimplemented flags from SLUB.\n\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Lameter \u003cclameter@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "d6dd61c831226f9cd7750885da04d360d6455101",
      "tree": "30f84a429821d207f7de5dd6225d3d9515042c0a",
      "parents": [
        "5311ab62cdc7788784971ed816ce85e926f3e994"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Jeremy Fitzhardinge",
        "email": "jeremy@goop.org",
        "time": "Wed May 02 19:27:14 2007 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Andi Kleen",
        "email": "andi@basil.nowhere.org",
        "time": "Wed May 02 19:27:14 2007 +0200"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] x86: PARAVIRT: add hooks to intercept mm creation and destruction\n\nAdd hooks to allow a paravirt implementation to track the lifetime of\nan mm.  Paravirtualization requires three hooks, but only two are\nneeded in common code.  They are:\n\narch_dup_mmap, which is called when a new mmap is created at fork\n\narch_exit_mmap, which is called when the last process reference to an\n  mm is dropped, which typically happens on exit and exec.\n\nThe third hook is activate_mm, which is called from the arch-specific\nactivate_mm() macro/function, and so doesn\u0027t need stub versions for\nother architectures.  It\u0027s called when an mm is first used.\n\nSigned-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge \u003cjeremy@xensource.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andi Kleen \u003cak@suse.de\u003e\nCc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org\nCc: James Bottomley \u003cJames.Bottomley@SteelEye.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "e29e175b0f40cffc86068156733def14a7a533ab",
      "tree": "563204ffd4c548f2ea5773f14259afd60ecfc212",
      "parents": [
        "35ae834fa02ba89cfbd4a80892c0e458fd6d5c0b"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Zilvinas Valinskas",
        "email": "zilvinas@wilibox.com",
        "time": "Fri Mar 16 13:38:34 2007 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Mar 16 19:25:06 2007 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] initialise pi_lock if CONFIG_RT_MUTEXES\u003dN\n\nFixes a bogus lockdep warning which causes lockdep to disable itself.\n\nAcked-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nCc: \u003cstable@kernel.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "c9cb2e3d7c9178ab75d0942f96abb3abe0369906",
      "tree": "2d4a5470ece5efe82463653678c491c2f249d560",
      "parents": [
        "fd064b9b7770d5c7705bf9542950c7bd81c30f98"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Thomas Gleixner",
        "email": "tglx@linutronix.de",
        "time": "Fri Feb 16 01:27:49 2007 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Feb 16 08:13:58 2007 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] hrtimers: namespace and enum cleanup\n\n- hrtimers did not use the hrtimer_restart enum and relied on the implict\n  int representation. Fix the prototypes and the functions using the enums.\n- Use seperate name spaces for the enumerations\n- Convert hrtimer_restart macro to inline function\n- Add comments\n\nNo functional changes.\n\n[akpm@osdl.org: fix input driver]\nSigned-off-by: Thomas Gleixner \u003ctglx@linutronix.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nCc: john stultz \u003cjohnstul@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Roman Zippel \u003czippel@linux-m68k.org\u003e\nCc: Dmitry Torokhov \u003cdtor@mail.ru\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "ab521dc0f8e117fd808d3e425216864d60390500",
      "tree": "f9d6449c4d8c9508fd43edfe845108043e1536b2",
      "parents": [
        "3e7cd6c413c9e6fbb5e1ee2acdadb4ababd2d474"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Eric W. Biederman",
        "email": "ebiederm@xmission.com",
        "time": "Mon Feb 12 00:53:00 2007 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Mon Feb 12 09:48:32 2007 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] tty: update the tty layer to work with struct pid\n\nOf kernel subsystems that work with pids the tty layer is probably the largest\nconsumer.  But it has the nice virtue that the assiation with a session only\nlasts until the session leader exits.  Which means that no reference counting\nis required.  So using struct pid winds up being a simple optimization to\navoid hash table lookups.\n\nIn the long term the use of pid_nr also ensures that when we have multiple pid\nspaces mixed everything will work correctly.\n\nSigned-off-by: Eric W. Biederman \u003ceric@maxwell.lnxi.com\u003e\nCc: Alan Cox \u003calan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk\u003e\nCc: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "4b98d11b40f03382918796f3c5c936d5495d20a4",
      "tree": "616b7260196c9bd0eaf208ef8fab91fcf9efcece",
      "parents": [
        "18f705f49a5b19206233f7cef8f869ce7291f8c8"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Alexey Dobriyan",
        "email": "adobriyan@gmail.com",
        "time": "Sat Feb 10 01:46:45 2007 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Sun Feb 11 11:18:07 2007 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] ifdef -\u003erchar, -\u003ewchar, -\u003esyscr, -\u003esyscw from task_struct\n\nThey are fat: 4x8 bytes in task_struct.\nThey are uncoditionally updated in every fork, read, write and sendfile.\nThey are used only if you have some \"extended acct fields feature\".\n\nAnd please, please, please, read(2) knows about bytes, not characters,\nwhy it is called \"rchar\"?\n\nSigned-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan \u003cadobriyan@gmail.com\u003e\nCc: Jay Lan \u003cjlan@engr.sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@in.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "9abcf40b1d1443e6f0ef86e6a822193142a34abc",
      "tree": "054b522b1e5ef7cb3d3f87985aba1d25a5d7f050",
      "parents": [
        "fc2dd2e51a1940acac665696e6a70a1a73dc90a4"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@ftp.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Thu Feb 01 13:52:48 2007 +0000"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Feb 01 16:17:06 2007 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] fork_idle() should be __cpuinit, not __devinit\n\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "444f378b237a0f728f5c4aba752c08d13c209344",
      "tree": "248fd00bb2e60cb0890fce38b6a66fed65f977e4",
      "parents": [
        "8c8c4bafc3a20a6fb9078315ff865bc42276f9ba"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Tue Jan 30 13:35:18 2007 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Tue Jan 30 13:35:18 2007 -0800"
      },
      "message": "Revert \"[PATCH] namespaces: fix exit race by splitting exit\"\n\nThis reverts commit 7a238fcba0629b6f2edbcd37458bae56fcf36be5 in\npreparation for a better and simpler fix proposed by Eric Biederman\n(and fixed up by Serge Hallyn)\n\nAcked-by: Serge E. Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "7a238fcba0629b6f2edbcd37458bae56fcf36be5",
      "tree": "ad556f0ec00637df5b4c4a2063c6b3325666d2f1",
      "parents": [
        "c0d4d573feed199b16094c072e7cb07afb01c598"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Serge E. Hallyn",
        "email": "serue@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Mon Jan 29 13:19:40 2007 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Tue Jan 30 08:26:44 2007 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] namespaces: fix exit race by splitting exit\n\nFix exit race by splitting the nsproxy putting into two pieces.  First\npiece reduces the nsproxy refcount.  If we dropped the last reference, then\nit puts the mnt_ns, and returns the nsproxy as a hint to the caller.  Else\nit returns NULL.  The second piece of exiting task namespaces sets\ntsk-\u003ensproxy to NULL, and drops the references to other namespaces and\nfrees the nsproxy only if an nsproxy was passed in.\n\nA little awkward and should probably be reworked, but hopefully it fixes\nthe NFS oops.\n\nSigned-off-by: Serge E. Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Herbert Poetzl \u003cherbert@13thfloor.at\u003e\nCc: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Daniel Hokka Zakrisson \u003cdaniel@hozac.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "ec8c0446b6e2b67b5c8813eb517f4bf00efa99a9",
      "tree": "e7c12d7c486c958a5e38888b41cfcd6a558f1aff",
      "parents": [
        "bcd022801ee514e28c32837f0b3ce18c775f1a7b"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Ralf Baechle",
        "email": "ralf@linux-mips.org",
        "time": "Tue Dec 12 17:14:57 2006 +0000"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Wed Dec 13 09:27:08 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] Optimize D-cache alias handling on fork\n\nVirtually index, physically tagged cache architectures can get away\nwithout cache flushing when forking.  This patch adds a new cache\nflushing function flush_cache_dup_mm(struct mm_struct *) which for the\nmoment I\u0027ve implemented to do the same thing on all architectures\nexcept on MIPS where it\u0027s a no-op.\n\nSigned-off-by: Ralf Baechle \u003cralf@linux-mips.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "4fd45812cbe875a620c86a096a5d46c742694b7e",
      "tree": "8d2c99caa718da6cda87229076adf708494ff251",
      "parents": [
        "bbea9f69668a3d0cf9feba15a724cd02896f8675"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Vadim Lobanov",
        "email": "vlobanov@speakeasy.net",
        "time": "Sun Dec 10 02:21:17 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sun Dec 10 09:57:22 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] fdtable: Remove the free_files field\n\nAn fdtable can either be embedded inside a files_struct or standalone (after\nbeing expanded).  When an fdtable is being discarded after all RCU references\nto it have expired, we must either free it directly, in the standalone case,\nor free the files_struct it is contained within, in the embedded case.\n\nCurrently the free_files field controls this behavior, but we can get rid of\nit entirely, as all the necessary information is already recorded.  We can\ndistinguish embedded and standalone fdtables using max_fds, and if it is\nembedded we can divine the relevant files_struct using container_of().\n\nSigned-off-by: Vadim Lobanov \u003cvlobanov@speakeasy.net\u003e\nCc: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@lst.de\u003e\nCc: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\nCc: Dipankar Sarma \u003cdipankar@in.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "bbea9f69668a3d0cf9feba15a724cd02896f8675",
      "tree": "bc58506e4daba4a04309181a5501ae4eb5424783",
      "parents": [
        "f3d19c90fb117a5f080310a4592929aa8e1ad8e9"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Vadim Lobanov",
        "email": "vlobanov@speakeasy.net",
        "time": "Sun Dec 10 02:21:12 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sun Dec 10 09:57:22 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] fdtable: Make fdarray and fdsets equal in size\n\nCurrently, each fdtable supports three dynamically-sized arrays of data: the\nfdarray and two fdsets.  The code allows the number of fds supported by the\nfdarray (fdtable-\u003emax_fds) to differ from the number of fds supported by each\nof the fdsets (fdtable-\u003emax_fdset).\n\nIn practice, it is wasteful for these two sizes to differ: whenever we hit a\nlimit on the smaller-capacity structure, we will reallocate the entire fdtable\nand all the dynamic arrays within it, so any delta in the memory used by the\nlarger-capacity structure will never be touched at all.\n\nRather than hogging this excess, we shouldn\u0027t even allocate it in the first\nplace, and keep the capacities of the fdarray and the fdsets equal.  This\npatch removes fdtable-\u003emax_fdset.  As an added bonus, most of the supporting\ncode becomes simpler.\n\nSigned-off-by: Vadim Lobanov \u003cvlobanov@speakeasy.net\u003e\nCc: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@lst.de\u003e\nCc: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\nCc: Dipankar Sarma \u003cdipankar@in.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "f3d19c90fb117a5f080310a4592929aa8e1ad8e9",
      "tree": "80dee984c0b9f06d458257e54dc7742c981d2b05",
      "parents": [
        "5eb6c7a2ab413dea1ee6c08dd58263a1c2c2efa3"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Vadim Lobanov",
        "email": "vlobanov@speakeasy.net",
        "time": "Sun Dec 10 02:21:09 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sun Dec 10 09:57:21 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] fdtable: Delete pointless code in dup_fd()\n\nThe dup_fd() function creates a new files_struct and fdtable embedded inside\nthat files_struct, and then possibly expands the fdtable using expand_files().\n\nThe out_release error path is invoked when expand_files() returns an error\ncode.  However, when this attempt to expand fails, the fdtable is left in its\noriginal embedded form, so it is pointless to try to free the associated\nfdarray and fdsets.\n\nSigned-off-by: Vadim Lobanov \u003cvlobanov@speakeasy.net\u003e\nCc: Dipankar Sarma \u003cdipankar@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@lst.de\u003e\nCc: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "7c3ab7381e79dfc7db14a67c6f4f3285664e1ec2",
      "tree": "de5d63d17e400eb06b26c88adfd2ef2cf290898e",
      "parents": [
        "47694bb86af3648d4ec34c7afd46653cefc9b359"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Andrew Morton",
        "email": "akpm@osdl.org",
        "time": "Sun Dec 10 02:19:19 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sun Dec 10 09:55:41 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] io-accounting: core statistics\n\nThe present per-task IO accounting isn\u0027t very useful.  It simply counts the\nnumber of bytes passed into read() and write().  So if a process reads 1MB\nfrom an already-cached file, it is accused of having performed 1MB of I/O,\nwhich is wrong.\n\n(David Wright had some comments on the applicability of the present logical IO accounting:\n\n  For billing purposes it is useless but for workload analysis it is very\n  useful\n\n  read_bytes/read_calls  average read request size\n  write_bytes/write_calls average write request size\n\n  read_bytes/read_blocks ie logical/physical can indicate hit rate or thrashing\n  write_bytes/write_blocks  ie logical/physical  guess since pdflush writes can\n                                                be missed\n\n  I often look for logical larger than physical to see filesystem cache\n  problems.  And the bytes/cpusec can help find applications that are\n  dominating the cache and causing slow interactive response from page cache\n  contention.\n\n  I want to find the IO intensive applications and make sure they are doing\n  efficient IO.  Thus the acctcms(sysV) or csacms command would give the high\n  IO commands).\n\nThis patchset adds new accounting which tries to be more accurate.  We account\nfor three things:\n\nreads:\n\n  attempt to count the number of bytes which this process really did cause\n  to be fetched from the storage layer.  Done at the submit_bio() level, so it\n  is accurate for block-backed filesystems.  I also attempt to wire up NFS and\n  CIFS.\n\nwrites:\n\n  attempt to count the number of bytes which this process caused to be sent\n  to the storage layer.  This is done at page-dirtying time.\n\n  The big inaccuracy here is truncate.  If a process writes 1MB to a file\n  and then deletes the file, it will in fact perform no writeout.  But it will\n  have been accounted as having caused 1MB of write.\n\n  So...\n\ncancelled_writes:\n\n  account the number of bytes which this process caused to not happen, by\n  truncating pagecache.\n\n  We _could_ just subtract this from the process\u0027s `write\u0027 accounting.  But\n  that means that some processes would be reported to have done negative\n  amounts of write IO, which is silly.\n\n  So we just report the raw number and punt this decision up to userspace.\n\nNow, we _could_ account for writes at the physical I/O level.  But\n\n- This would require that we track memory-dirtying tasks at the per-page\n  level (would require a new pointer in struct page).\n\n- It would mean that IO statistics for a process are usually only available\n  long after that process has exitted.  Which means that we probably cannot\n  communicate this info via taskstats.\n\nThis patch:\n\nWire up the kernel-private data structures and the accessor functions to\nmanipulate them.\n\nCc: Jay Lan \u003cjlan@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Shailabh Nagar \u003cnagar@watson.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Chris Sturtivant \u003ccsturtiv@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Tony Ernst \u003ctee@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Guillaume Thouvenin \u003cguillaume.thouvenin@bull.net\u003e\nCc: David Wright \u003cdaw@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "6b3286ed1169d74fea401367d6d4d6c6ec758a81",
      "tree": "faf5beddb797875bb92855f8606735478267959a",
      "parents": [
        "1ec320afdc9552c92191d5f89fcd1ebe588334ca"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Kirill Korotaev",
        "email": "dev@sw.ru",
        "time": "Fri Dec 08 02:37:56 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Dec 08 08:28:51 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] rename struct namespace to struct mnt_namespace\n\nRename \u0027struct namespace\u0027 to \u0027struct mnt_namespace\u0027 to avoid confusion with\nother namespaces being developped for the containers : pid, uts, ipc, etc.\n\u0027namespace\u0027 variables and attributes are also renamed to \u0027mnt_ns\u0027\n\nSigned-off-by: Kirill Korotaev \u003cdev@sw.ru\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Herbert Poetzl \u003cherbert@13thfloor.at\u003e\nCc: Sukadev Bhattiprolu \u003csukadev@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "1ec320afdc9552c92191d5f89fcd1ebe588334ca",
      "tree": "e526fb29f9487f1ea34aa9ccdf14c318aea2159f",
      "parents": [
        "937949d9edbf4049bd41af6c9f92c26280584564"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Cedric Le Goater",
        "email": "clg@fr.ibm.com",
        "time": "Fri Dec 08 02:37:55 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Dec 08 08:28:51 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] add process_session() helper routine: deprecate old field\n\nAdd an anonymous union and ((deprecated)) to catch direct usage of the\nsession field.\n\n[akpm@osdl.org: fix various missed conversions]\n[jdike@addtoit.com: fix UML bug]\nSigned-off-by: Jeff Dike \u003cjdike@addtoit.com\u003e\nCc: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "937949d9edbf4049bd41af6c9f92c26280584564",
      "tree": "d0a28f503b082f890cfa1f7fe952fda8fc771752",
      "parents": [
        "ef55d53caa055aedee13e77da82740987dd64f2d"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Cedric Le Goater",
        "email": "clg@fr.ibm.com",
        "time": "Fri Dec 08 02:37:54 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Dec 08 08:28:51 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] add process_session() helper routine\n\nReplace occurences of task-\u003esignal-\u003esession by a new process_session() helper\nroutine.\n\nIt will be useful for pid namespaces to abstract the session pid number.\n\nSigned-off-by: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Kirill Korotaev \u003cdev@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Herbert Poetzl \u003cherbert@13thfloor.at\u003e\nCc: Sukadev Bhattiprolu \u003csukadev@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "f3a43f3f64bff8e205c3702f6b4804d66e306848",
      "tree": "355a340fa26d3b72aa967119a6948ff45d46a0d0",
      "parents": [
        "c941192aafe053ae445fb22f5d89bd34794c5442"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Josef \"Jeff\" Sipek",
        "email": "jsipek@cs.sunysb.edu",
        "time": "Fri Dec 08 02:36:43 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Dec 08 08:28:42 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] kernel: change uses of f_{dentry, vfsmnt} to use f_path\n\nChange all the uses of f_{dentry,vfsmnt} to f_path.{dentry,mnt} in\nlinux/kernel/.\n\nSigned-off-by: Josef \"Jeff\" Sipek \u003cjsipek@cs.sunysb.edu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "dae3c5a0b7052ad7dd9fa78c51ecfab828c5007b",
      "tree": "fea5f0ac63b3b14641593e0c38634829719ff95c",
      "parents": [
        "ae424ae4b5bcd820ad6ee6f0b986c4e14ed4d6cf"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Oleg Nesterov",
        "email": "oleg@tv-sign.ru",
        "time": "Fri Dec 08 02:36:09 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Dec 08 08:28:38 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sys_unshare: remove a broken CLONE_SIGHAND code\n\nsys_unshare(CLONE_SIGHAND) is broken, the code under \u0027if (new_sigh)\u0027 is\nnever executed but very wrong. Just remove it to avoid a confusion,\ntask_lock() has nothing to do with -\u003esighand changing.\n\nAlso, change the comment in unshare_sighand(). Yes, CLONE_THREAD implies\nCLONE_SIGHAND, but still it looks confusing. Also, we don\u0027t need to check\ncurrent-\u003esighand !\u003d NULL.\n\nSigned-off-by: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nAcked-by: Peter Zijlstra \u003ca.p.zijlstra@chello.nl\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "4522d58275f124105819723e24e912c8e5bf3cdd",
      "tree": "b92c29014fadffe049c1925676037f0092b8d112",
      "parents": [
        "6cf24f031bc97cb5a7c9df3b6e73c45b628b2b28",
        "64a26a731235b59c9d73bbe82c1f896d57400d37"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Dec 07 08:59:11 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Dec 07 08:59:11 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "Merge branch \u0027for-linus\u0027 of git://one.firstfloor.org/home/andi/git/linux-2.6\n\n* \u0027for-linus\u0027 of git://one.firstfloor.org/home/andi/git/linux-2.6: (156 commits)\n  [PATCH] x86-64: Export smp_call_function_single\n  [PATCH] i386: Clean up smp_tune_scheduling()\n  [PATCH] unwinder: move .eh_frame to RODATA\n  [PATCH] unwinder: fully support linker generated .eh_frame_hdr section\n  [PATCH] x86-64: don\u0027t use set_irq_regs()\n  [PATCH] x86-64: check vector in setup_ioapic_dest to verify if need setup_IO_APIC_irq\n  [PATCH] x86-64: Make ix86 default to HIGHMEM4G instead of NOHIGHMEM\n  [PATCH] i386: replace kmalloc+memset with kzalloc\n  [PATCH] x86-64: remove remaining pc98 code\n  [PATCH] x86-64: remove unused variable\n  [PATCH] x86-64: Fix constraints in atomic_add_return()\n  [PATCH] x86-64: fix asm constraints in i386 atomic_add_return\n  [PATCH] x86-64: Correct documentation for bzImage protocol v2.05\n  [PATCH] x86-64: replace kmalloc+memset with kzalloc in MTRR code\n  [PATCH] x86-64: Fix numaq build error\n  [PATCH] x86-64: include/asm-x86_64/cpufeature.h isn\u0027t a userspace header\n  [PATCH] unwinder: Add debugging output to the Dwarf2 unwinder\n  [PATCH] x86-64: Clarify error message in GART code\n  [PATCH] x86-64: Fix interrupt race in idle callback (3rd try)\n  [PATCH] x86-64: Remove unwind stack pointer alignment forcing again\n  ...\n\nFixed conflict in include/linux/uaccess.h manually\n\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "34ec12349c8a9505adc59d72f92b4595bc2483ff",
      "tree": "2307c825f1a0d8bf9976d5fadcc8516ad5829eac",
      "parents": [
        "115085ea0794c0f339be8f9d25505c7f9861d824"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Oleg Nesterov",
        "email": "oleg@tv-sign.ru",
        "time": "Wed Dec 06 20:36:52 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Dec 07 08:39:34 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] taskstats: cleanup -\u003esignal-\u003estats allocation\n\nAllocate -\u003esignal-\u003estats on demand in taskstats_exit(), this allows us to\nremove taskstats_tgid_alloc() (the last non-trivial inline) from taskstat\u0027s\npublic interface.\n\nSigned-off-by: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Shailabh Nagar \u003cnagar@watson.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Jay Lan \u003cjlan@engr.sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "fec1d0115240593b39898289e6e1413ea6e44a84",
      "tree": "9e0c5506118a5fb84d1b21195323dd1c3d7588ea",
      "parents": [
        "736c4b8572ac24b1e6fd58d00872305a120ac700"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Roland McGrath",
        "email": "roland@redhat.com",
        "time": "Wed Dec 06 20:36:34 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Dec 07 08:39:33 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] Disable CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID for abnormal exit\n\nThe CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID flag is used by NPTL to have its threads\ncommunicate via memory/futex when they exit, so pthread_join can\nsynchronize using a simple futex wait.  The word of user memory where NPTL\nstores a thread\u0027s own TID is what it passes; this gets reset to zero at\nthread exit.\n\nIt is not desireable to touch this user memory when threads are dying due\nto a fatal signal.  A core dump is more usefully representative of the\ndying program state if the threads live at the time of the crash have their\nNPTL data structures unperturbed.  The userland expectation of\nCLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID has only ever been that it works for a thread making\nan _exit system call.\n\nThis problem was identified by Ernie Petrides \u003cpetrides@redhat.com\u003e.\n\nSigned-off-by: Roland McGrath \u003croland@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Ernie Petrides \u003cpetrides@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Jakub Jelinek \u003cjakub@redhat.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nCc: Ulrich Drepper \u003cdrepper@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "e18b890bb0881bbab6f4f1a6cd20d9c60d66b003",
      "tree": "4828be07e1c24781c264b42c5a75bcd968223c3f",
      "parents": [
        "441e143e95f5aa1e04026cb0aa71c801ba53982f"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Christoph Lameter",
        "email": "clameter@sgi.com",
        "time": "Wed Dec 06 20:33:20 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Dec 07 08:39:25 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] slab: remove kmem_cache_t\n\nReplace all uses of kmem_cache_t with struct kmem_cache.\n\nThe patch was generated using the following script:\n\n\t#!/bin/sh\n\t#\n\t# Replace one string by another in all the kernel sources.\n\t#\n\n\tset -e\n\n\tfor file in `find * -name \"*.c\" -o -name \"*.h\"|xargs grep -l $1`; do\n\t\tquilt add $file\n\t\tsed -e \"1,\\$s/$1/$2/g\" $file \u003e/tmp/$$\n\t\tmv /tmp/$$ $file\n\t\tquilt refresh\n\tdone\n\nThe script was run like this\n\n\tsh replace kmem_cache_t \"struct kmem_cache\"\n\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Lameter \u003cclameter@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "e94b1766097d53e6f3ccfb36c8baa562ffeda3fc",
      "tree": "93fa0a8ab84976d4e89c50768ca8b8878d642a0d",
      "parents": [
        "54e6ecb23951b195d02433a741c7f7cb0b796c78"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Christoph Lameter",
        "email": "clameter@sgi.com",
        "time": "Wed Dec 06 20:33:17 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Dec 07 08:39:24 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] slab: remove SLAB_KERNEL\n\nSLAB_KERNEL is an alias of GFP_KERNEL.\n\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Lameter \u003cclameter@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "7602bdf2fd14a40dd9b104e516fdc05e1bd17952",
      "tree": "5ca703b0a95f6f2e6d977c816532b9085f453974",
      "parents": [
        "098fe651f7e9d759d1117c78c1a642b9b3945922"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Ashwin Chaugule",
        "email": "ashwin.chaugule@celunite.com",
        "time": "Wed Dec 06 20:31:57 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Dec 07 08:39:21 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] new scheme to preempt swap token\n\nThe new swap token patches replace the current token traversal algo.  The old\nalgo had a crude timeout parameter that was used to handover the token from\none task to another.  This algo, transfers the token to the tasks that are in\nneed of the token.  The urgency for the token is based on the number of times\na task is required to swap-in pages.  Accordingly, the priority of a task is\nincremented if it has been badly affected due to swap-outs.  To ensure that\nthe token doesnt bounce around rapidly, the token holders are given a priority\nboost.  The priority of tasks is also decremented, if their rate of swap-in\u0027s\nkeeps reducing.  This way, the condition to check whether to pre-empt the swap\ntoken, is a matter of comparing two task\u0027s priority fields.\n\n[akpm@osdl.org: cleanups]\nSigned-off-by: Ashwin Chaugule \u003cashwin.chaugule@celunite.com\u003e\nCc: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Peter Zijlstra \u003ca.p.zijlstra@chello.nl\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "f95d47caae5302a63d92be9a0292abc90e2a14e1",
      "tree": "cfa963975d104c56aba28df6c941759175ed4b98",
      "parents": [
        "62111195800d80c66cdc69063ea3145878c99fbf"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Jeremy Fitzhardinge",
        "email": "jeremy@goop.org",
        "time": "Thu Dec 07 02:14:02 2006 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Andi Kleen",
        "email": "andi@basil.nowhere.org",
        "time": "Thu Dec 07 02:14:02 2006 +0100"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] i386: Use %gs as the PDA base-segment in the kernel\n\nThis patch is the meat of the PDA change.  This patch makes several related\nchanges:\n\n1: Most significantly, %gs is now used in the kernel.  This means that on\n   entry, the old value of %gs is saved away, and it is reloaded with\n   __KERNEL_PDA.\n\n2: entry.S constructs the stack in the shape of struct pt_regs, and this\n   is passed around the kernel so that the process\u0027s saved register\n   state can be accessed.\n\n   Unfortunately struct pt_regs doesn\u0027t currently have space for %gs\n   (or %fs). This patch extends pt_regs to add space for gs (no space\n   is allocated for %fs, since it won\u0027t be used, and it would just\n   complicate the code in entry.S to work around the space).\n\n3: Because %gs is now saved on the stack like %ds, %es and the integer\n   registers, there are a number of places where it no longer needs to\n   be handled specially; namely context switch, and saving/restoring the\n   register state in a signal context.\n\n4: And since kernel threads run in kernel space and call normal kernel\n   code, they need to be created with their %gs \u003d\u003d __KERNEL_PDA.\n\nSigned-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge \u003cjeremy@xensource.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andi Kleen \u003cak@suse.de\u003e\nCc: Chuck Ebbert \u003c76306.1226@compuserve.com\u003e\nCc: Zachary Amsden \u003czach@vmware.com\u003e\nCc: Jan Beulich \u003cjbeulich@novell.com\u003e\nCc: Andi Kleen \u003cak@suse.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "753ca4f312a4b26940e4731b4fa5dbbbbcc77e97",
      "tree": "bf0ca9aa882e50b681ec72e43998542472752ef6",
      "parents": [
        "a1b26c32af51d0fd82754bc06b495dd03c2f2d58"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Akinobu Mita",
        "email": "akinobu.mita@gmail.com",
        "time": "Sat Nov 25 11:09:34 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sat Nov 25 13:28:34 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] fix copy_process() error check\n\nThe return value of copy_process() should be checked by IS_ERR().\n\nSigned-off-by: Akinobu Mita \u003cakinobu.mita@gmail.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "9a3a04ac386f44175b6a4142eaeab3d4170a57f3",
      "tree": "b07590ec50da7d079b1c2852ccc79cbcd8fb2cce",
      "parents": [
        "dc791d479802a784836a236d4a77a5325be545c4"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Nov 14 15:20:51 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Nov 14 15:20:51 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "Revert \"[PATCH] fix Data Acess error in dup_fd\"\n\nThis reverts commit 0130b0b32ee53dc7add773fcea984f6a26ef1da3.\n\nSergey Vlasov points out (and Vadim Lobanov concurs) that the bug it was\nsupposed to fix must be some unrelated memory corruption, and the \"fix\"\nactually causes more problems:\n\n  \"However, the new code does not look safe in all cases.  If some other\n   task has opened more files while dup_fd() released oldf-\u003efile_lock, the\n   new code will update open_files to the new larger value.  But newf was\n   allocated with the old smaller value of open_files, therefore subsequent\n   accesses to newf may try to write into unallocated memory.\"\n\nso revert it.\n\nCc: Sharyathi Nagesh \u003csharyath@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Sergey Vlasov \u003cvsu@altlinux.ru\u003e\nCc: Vadim Lobanov \u003cvlobanov@speakeasy.net\u003e\nCc: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    }
  ],
  "next": "0130b0b32ee53dc7add773fcea984f6a26ef1da3"
}
