)]}'
{
  "log": [
    {
      "commit": "3ae5080f4c2e293229508dabe7c8a90af4e4c460",
      "tree": "9cb11f26905a82b7fac9d3b8f9d61d58bc5c94b0",
      "parents": [
        "2c9e15a011c55ff96b2b8d2b126d1b9a96abba20",
        "aabb8fdb41128705fd1627f56fdd571e45fdbcdb"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Mar 27 16:23:12 2009 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Mar 27 16:23:12 2009 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Merge branch \u0027for-linus\u0027 of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs-2.6\n\n* \u0027for-linus\u0027 of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs-2.6: (37 commits)\n  fs: avoid I_NEW inodes\n  Merge code for single and multiple-instance mounts\n  Remove get_init_pts_sb()\n  Move common mknod_ptmx() calls into caller\n  Parse mount options just once and copy them to super block\n  Unroll essentials of do_remount_sb() into devpts\n  vfs: simple_set_mnt() should return void\n  fs: move bdev code out of buffer.c\n  constify dentry_operations: rest\n  constify dentry_operations: configfs\n  constify dentry_operations: sysfs\n  constify dentry_operations: JFS\n  constify dentry_operations: OCFS2\n  constify dentry_operations: GFS2\n  constify dentry_operations: FAT\n  constify dentry_operations: FUSE\n  constify dentry_operations: procfs\n  constify dentry_operations: ecryptfs\n  constify dentry_operations: CIFS\n  constify dentry_operations: AFS\n  ...\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "a3ec947c85ec339884b30ef6a08133e9311fdae1",
      "tree": "c3cc5859a6b6d8986547405b6c5bd11bc8916114",
      "parents": [
        "585d3bc06f4ca57f975a5a1f698f65a45ea66225"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Sukadev Bhattiprolu",
        "email": "sukadev@linux.vnet.ibm.com",
        "time": "Wed Mar 04 12:06:34 2009 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Fri Mar 27 14:44:03 2009 -0400"
      },
      "message": "vfs: simple_set_mnt() should return void\n\nsimple_set_mnt() is defined as returning \u0027int\u0027 but always returns 0.\nCallers assume simple_set_mnt() never fails and don\u0027t properly cleanup if\nit were to _ever_ fail.  For instance, get_sb_single() and get_sb_nodev()\nshould:\n\n        up_write(sb-\u003es_unmount);\n        deactivate_super(sb);\n\nif simple_set_mnt() fails.\n\nSince simple_set_mnt() never fails, would be cleaner if it did not\nreturn anything.\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build]\nSigned-off-by: Sukadev Bhattiprolu \u003csukadev@linux.vnet.ibm.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Serge Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\nCc: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@lst.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "585d3bc06f4ca57f975a5a1f698f65a45ea66225",
      "tree": "393cbd213e714f00c0cae85851e7837ed88b9a99",
      "parents": [
        "3ba13d179e8c24c68eac32b93593a6b10fcd1572"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Nick Piggin",
        "email": "npiggin@suse.de",
        "time": "Wed Feb 25 10:44:19 2009 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Fri Mar 27 14:44:03 2009 -0400"
      },
      "message": "fs: move bdev code out of buffer.c\n\nMove some block device related code out from buffer.c and put it in\nblock_dev.c. I\u0027m trying to move non-buffer_head code out of buffer.c\n\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "af5df56688acfb75c1b15b4e000ec5e82a9cdc29",
      "tree": "26ba8c442768453fb3fde2e9b55d05d95a6f5b02",
      "parents": [
        "c2aca5e529a2499d454c41e01f59f1d5fe4a1364"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Steven Whitehouse",
        "email": "swhiteho@redhat.com",
        "time": "Tue Jan 20 10:29:46 2009 +0000"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Fri Mar 27 14:43:59 2009 -0400"
      },
      "message": "vfs: Further changes from macro to inline function in fs.h\n\nThere is a second set of macros for when CONFIG_FILE_LOCKING is\nnot set. This patch updates those to become inline functions\nas well.\n\nSigned-off-by: Steven Whitehouse \u003cswhiteho@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "c2aca5e529a2499d454c41e01f59f1d5fe4a1364",
      "tree": "80515a22164ab4722ccac3026e65dfa186b0707e",
      "parents": [
        "10f303ae1e5e77a9f7cb053e6329906afb132c67"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Steven Whitehouse",
        "email": "swhiteho@redhat.com",
        "time": "Tue Jan 20 10:29:45 2009 +0000"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Fri Mar 27 14:43:58 2009 -0400"
      },
      "message": "vfs: Update fs.h to use inline functions when no file locking set\n\nThis avoids various issues which might give rise to compiler warnings\nabout missing functions and/or unused variable with the previous\nmacros. This also fixes a bug where one of the macros was returning\n0, but it should have been void.\n\nReported-by: Randy Dunlap \u003crandy.dunlap@oracle.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Steven Whitehouse \u003cswhiteho@redhat.com\u003e\nTested-by: Randy Dunlap \u003crandy.dunlap@oracle.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "10f303ae1e5e77a9f7cb053e6329906afb132c67",
      "tree": "720e7d57a46da824f217ab0dc5b2682814aadfa4",
      "parents": [
        "723be1f30046a46471b00106ebef9d8c832f12e9"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Cheng Renquan",
        "email": "crquan@gmail.com",
        "time": "Wed Jan 14 17:01:33 2009 +0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Fri Mar 27 14:43:58 2009 -0400"
      },
      "message": "do_pipe cleanup: drop its last user in arch/alpha/\n\nThe last user of do_pipe is in arch/alpha/, after replacing it with\ndo_pipe_flags, the do_pipe can be totally dropped.\n\nSigned-off-by: Cheng Renquan \u003ccrquan@gmail.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Richard Henderson \u003crth@twiddle.net\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "8e9d2089723d08d51e66c5eea49253d76e27941e",
      "tree": "cf15609d5eeb0c1f3a39231d8ce793d3c8ad0ed0",
      "parents": [
        "ba1eb95cf3cc666769afe42eaa15a3a34ae82f94",
        "60aa49243d09afc873f082567d2e3c16634ced84"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Mar 26 16:14:02 2009 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Mar 26 16:14:02 2009 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Merge branch \u0027bkl-removal\u0027 of git://git.lwn.net/linux-2.6\n\n* \u0027bkl-removal\u0027 of git://git.lwn.net/linux-2.6:\n  Rationalize fasync return values\n  Move FASYNC bit handling to f_op-\u003efasync()\n  Use f_lock to protect f_flags\n  Rename struct file-\u003ef_ep_lock\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "d0adde574b8487ef30f69e2d08bba769e4be513f",
      "tree": "fa8b98978bc9ebe607cbdf78c4ed13eeb545ba80",
      "parents": [
        "11ff6f05f1e836a6a02369a4c4b64757e484adc1"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Matthew Garrett",
        "email": "mjg@redhat.com",
        "time": "Thu Mar 26 17:49:56 2009 +0000"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Mar 26 10:56:35 2009 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Add a strictatime mount option\n\nAdd support for explicitly requesting full atime updates. This makes it\npossible for kernels to default to relatime but still allow userspace to\noverride it.\n\nSigned-off-by: Matthew Garrett \u003cmjg@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "db1dd4d376134eba0e08af523b61cc566a4ea1cd",
      "tree": "8882c673abbaa5713511b7046493fa862b9140d1",
      "parents": [
        "684999149002dd046269666a390458e0acb38280"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Jonathan Corbet",
        "email": "corbet@lwn.net",
        "time": "Fri Feb 06 15:25:24 2009 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Jonathan Corbet",
        "email": "corbet@lwn.net",
        "time": "Mon Mar 16 08:32:27 2009 -0600"
      },
      "message": "Use f_lock to protect f_flags\n\nTraditionally, changes to struct file-\u003ef_flags have been done under BKL\nprotection, or with no protection at all.  This patch causes all f_flags\nchanges after file open/creation time to be done under protection of\nf_lock.  This allows the removal of some BKL usage and fixes a number of\nlongstanding (if microscopic) races.\n\nReviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@lst.de\u003e\nCc: Al Viro \u003cviro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet \u003ccorbet@lwn.net\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "684999149002dd046269666a390458e0acb38280",
      "tree": "b12ea4a953ba2bd90428092e7f35a222a4109510",
      "parents": [
        "041b62374c7fedc11a8a1eeda2868612d3d1436c"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Jonathan Corbet",
        "email": "corbet@lwn.net",
        "time": "Fri Feb 06 13:52:43 2009 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Jonathan Corbet",
        "email": "corbet@lwn.net",
        "time": "Mon Mar 16 08:32:27 2009 -0600"
      },
      "message": "Rename struct file-\u003ef_ep_lock\n\nThis lock moves out of the CONFIG_EPOLL ifdef and becomes f_lock.  For now,\nepoll remains the only user, but a future patch will use it to protect\nf_flags as well.\n\nCc: Davide Libenzi \u003cdavidel@xmailserver.org\u003e\nReviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@lst.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet \u003ccorbet@lwn.net\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "ba95fd47d177d46743ad94055908d22840370e06",
      "tree": "f29e6921fefba2728c3b7f6854ac7f7729f602b2",
      "parents": [
        "59af0a0b5848caf38f1bf7013905c3e9cdba4d1d",
        "be987fdb55a4726e2fcbab7501f89276bdb57288"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Wed Feb 18 18:33:04 2009 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Wed Feb 18 18:33:04 2009 -0800"
      },
      "message": "Merge branch \u0027for-linus\u0027 of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-2.6-block\n\n* \u0027for-linus\u0027 of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-2.6-block:\n  block: fix deadlock in blk_abort_queue() for drivers that readd to timeout list\n  block: fix booting from partitioned md array\n  block: revert part of 18ce3751ccd488c78d3827e9f6bf54e6322676fb\n  cciss: PCI power management reset for kexec\n  paride/pg.c: xs(): \u0026\u0026/|| confusion\n  fs/bio: bio_alloc_bioset: pass right object ptr to mempool_free\n  block: fix bad definition of BIO_RW_SYNC\n  bsg: Fix sense buffer bug in SG_IO\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "55ec82176eca52e4e0530a82a0eb59160a1a95a1",
      "tree": "2d052ca4cf055fbcfc4b019ec45f8df5eea13749",
      "parents": [
        "b851ee7921fabdd7dfc96ffc4e9609f5062bd12b"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Paul Turner",
        "email": "pjt@google.com",
        "time": "Wed Feb 18 14:48:15 2009 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Wed Feb 18 15:37:53 2009 -0800"
      },
      "message": "vfs: separate FMODE_PREAD/FMODE_PWRITE into separate flags\n\nSeparate FMODE_PREAD and FMODE_PWRITE into separate flags to reflect the\nreality that the read and write paths may have independent restrictions.\n\nA git grep verifies that these flags are always cleared together so this\nnew behavior will only apply to interfaces that change to clear flags\nindividually.\n\nThis is required for \"seq_file: properly cope with pread\", a post-2.6.25\nregression fix.\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: add comment]\nSigned-off-by: Paul Turner \u003cpjt@google.com\u003e\nCc: Eric Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc:  Alexey Dobriyan \u003cadobriyan@gmail.com\u003e\nCc: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\nCc: \u003cstable@kernel.org\u003e\t\t[2.6.25.x, 2.6.26.x, 2.6.27.x, 2.6.28.x]\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "93dbb393503d53cd226e5e1f0088fe8f4dbaa2b8",
      "tree": "790365e207951cf6810e8995f3141ddc0b74519b",
      "parents": [
        "c1c201200a359cf3b6e2e36a4236cdca77a3cd8e"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "jens.axboe@oracle.com",
        "time": "Mon Feb 16 10:25:40 2009 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "jens.axboe@oracle.com",
        "time": "Wed Feb 18 10:32:00 2009 +0100"
      },
      "message": "block: fix bad definition of BIO_RW_SYNC\n\nWe can\u0027t OR shift values, so get rid of BIO_RW_SYNC and use BIO_RW_SYNCIO\nand BIO_RW_UNPLUG explicitly. This brings back the behaviour from before\n213d9417fec62ef4c3675621b9364a667954d4dd.\n\nSigned-off-by: Jens Axboe \u003cjens.axboe@oracle.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "fcccf502540e3d752d33b2d8e976034dee81f9f7",
      "tree": "401be4ad2fc3c535a2fc77e413b1be4a736f320c",
      "parents": [
        "c4be0c1dc4cdc37b175579be1460f15ac6495e9a"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Takashi Sato",
        "email": "t-sato@yk.jp.nec.com",
        "time": "Fri Jan 09 16:40:59 2009 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Jan 09 16:54:42 2009 -0800"
      },
      "message": "filesystem freeze: implement generic freeze feature\n\nThe ioctls for the generic freeze feature are below.\no Freeze the filesystem\n  int ioctl(int fd, int FIFREEZE, arg)\n    fd: The file descriptor of the mountpoint\n    FIFREEZE: request code for the freeze\n    arg: Ignored\n    Return value: 0 if the operation succeeds. Otherwise, -1\n\no Unfreeze the filesystem\n  int ioctl(int fd, int FITHAW, arg)\n    fd: The file descriptor of the mountpoint\n    FITHAW: request code for unfreeze\n    arg: Ignored\n    Return value: 0 if the operation succeeds. Otherwise, -1\n    Error number: If the filesystem has already been unfrozen,\n                  errno is set to EINVAL.\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix CONFIG_BLOCK\u003dn]\nSigned-off-by: Takashi Sato \u003ct-sato@yk.jp.nec.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Masayuki Hamaguchi \u003cm-hamaguchi@ys.jp.nec.com\u003e\nCc: \u003cxfs-masters@oss.sgi.com\u003e\nCc: \u003clinux-ext4@vger.kernel.org\u003e\nCc: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@lst.de\u003e\nCc: Dave Kleikamp \u003cshaggy@austin.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Dave Chinner \u003cdavid@fromorbit.com\u003e\nCc: Alasdair G Kergon \u003cagk@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "c4be0c1dc4cdc37b175579be1460f15ac6495e9a",
      "tree": "716ea88318211ed27cadcebda0fd85c1f8246edb",
      "parents": [
        "69347a236b22c3962ea812511495e502dedfd50c"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Takashi Sato",
        "email": "t-sato@yk.jp.nec.com",
        "time": "Fri Jan 09 16:40:58 2009 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Jan 09 16:54:42 2009 -0800"
      },
      "message": "filesystem freeze: add error handling of write_super_lockfs/unlockfs\n\nCurrently, ext3 in mainline Linux doesn\u0027t have the freeze feature which\nsuspends write requests.  So, we cannot take a backup which keeps the\nfilesystem\u0027s consistency with the storage device\u0027s features (snapshot and\nreplication) while it is mounted.\n\nIn many case, a commercial filesystem (e.g.  VxFS) has the freeze feature\nand it would be used to get the consistent backup.\n\nIf Linux\u0027s standard filesystem ext3 has the freeze feature, we can do it\nwithout a commercial filesystem.\n\nSo I have implemented the ioctls of the freeze feature.\nI think we can take the consistent backup with the following steps.\n1. Freeze the filesystem with the freeze ioctl.\n2. Separate the replication volume or create the snapshot\n   with the storage device\u0027s feature.\n3. Unfreeze the filesystem with the unfreeze ioctl.\n4. Take the backup from the separated replication volume\n   or the snapshot.\n\nThis patch:\n\nVFS:\nChanged the type of write_super_lockfs and unlockfs from \"void\"\nto \"int\" so that they can return an error.\nRename write_super_lockfs and unlockfs of the super block operation\nfreeze_fs and unfreeze_fs to avoid a confusion.\n\next3, ext4, xfs, gfs2, jfs:\nChanged the type of write_super_lockfs and unlockfs from \"void\"\nto \"int\" so that write_super_lockfs returns an error if needed,\nand unlockfs always returns 0.\n\nreiserfs:\nChanged the type of write_super_lockfs and unlockfs from \"void\"\nto \"int\" so that they always return 0 (success) to keep a current behavior.\n\nSigned-off-by: Takashi Sato \u003ct-sato@yk.jp.nec.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Masayuki Hamaguchi \u003cm-hamaguchi@ys.jp.nec.com\u003e\nCc: \u003cxfs-masters@oss.sgi.com\u003e\nCc: \u003clinux-ext4@vger.kernel.org\u003e\nCc: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@lst.de\u003e\nCc: Dave Kleikamp \u003cshaggy@austin.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Dave Chinner \u003cdavid@fromorbit.com\u003e\nCc: Alasdair G Kergon \u003cagk@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "2150edc6c5cf00f7adb54538b9ea2a3e9cedca3f",
      "tree": "f72a0d85e66f500b4cead348a231e3d3b9f357bc",
      "parents": [
        "cd764695b67386a81964f68e9c66efd9f13f4d29",
        "4b905671d2ea09fd48fed72c581df17e40823f39"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Jan 08 17:14:59 2009 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Jan 08 17:14:59 2009 -0800"
      },
      "message": "Merge branch \u0027for_linus\u0027 of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4\n\n* \u0027for_linus\u0027 of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4: (57 commits)\n  jbd2: Fix oops in jbd2_journal_init_inode() on corrupted fs\n  ext4: Remove \"extents\" mount option\n  block: Add Kconfig help which notes that ext4 needs CONFIG_LBD\n  ext4: Make printk\u0027s consistently prefixed with \"EXT4-fs: \"\n  ext4: Add sanity checks for the superblock before mounting the filesystem\n  ext4: Add mount option to set kjournald\u0027s I/O priority\n  jbd2: Submit writes to the journal using WRITE_SYNC\n  jbd2: Add pid and journal device name to the \"kjournald2 starting\" message\n  ext4: Add markers for better debuggability\n  ext4: Remove code to create the journal inode\n  ext4: provide function to release metadata pages under memory pressure\n  ext3: provide function to release metadata pages under memory pressure\n  add releasepage hooks to block devices which can be used by file systems\n  ext4: Fix s_dirty_blocks_counter if block allocation failed with nodelalloc\n  ext4: Init the complete page while building buddy cache\n  ext4: Don\u0027t allow new groups to be added during block allocation\n  ext4: mark the blocks/inode bitmap beyond end of group as used\n  ext4: Use new buffer_head flag to check uninit group bitmaps initialization\n  ext4: Fix the race between read_inode_bitmap() and ext4_new_inode()\n  ext4: code cleanup\n  ...\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "efaee192063a54749c56b7383803e16fe553630e",
      "tree": "b18e3072904e53701bdd7889bb32babf8cc7bf7c",
      "parents": [
        "f29d3b23238e1955a8094e038c72546e99308e61"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Arjan van de Ven",
        "email": "arjan@linux.intel.com",
        "time": "Tue Jan 06 07:20:54 2009 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Arjan van de Ven",
        "email": "arjan@linux.intel.com",
        "time": "Wed Jan 07 08:47:24 2009 -0800"
      },
      "message": "async: make the final inode deletion an asynchronous event\n\nthis makes \"rm -rf\" on a (names cached) kernel tree go from\n11.6 to 8.6 seconds on an ext3 filesystem\n\nSigned-off-by: Arjan van de Ven \u003carjan@linux.intel.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "856bf4d717feb8c55d4e2f817b71ebb70cfbc67b",
      "tree": "f44790d9b8f42223955d1866645103ac5f9c68a3",
      "parents": [
        "38f21977663126fef53f5585e7f1653d8ebe55c4"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Nick Piggin",
        "email": "npiggin@suse.de",
        "time": "Tue Jan 06 14:40:26 2009 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Tue Jan 06 15:59:09 2009 -0800"
      },
      "message": "fs: sys_sync fix\n\ns_syncing livelock avoidance was breaking data integrity guarantee of\nsys_sync, by allowing sys_sync to skip writing or waiting for superblocks\nif there is a concurrent sys_sync happening.\n\nThis livelock avoidance is much less important now that we don\u0027t have the\nget_super_to_sync() call after every sb that we sync.  This was replaced\nby __put_super_and_need_restart.\n\nSigned-off-by: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "c54febae996d36c630f09209cd9983ecfda3fcad",
      "tree": "35b2717dcd4e4ff2206cd468b5895afb16f49c8c",
      "parents": [
        "e42e4ba07bc72c0eb7c7ab3bf9e5076db90d0f37",
        "eb8374e71f941a1b3c2ed6ea19dc809e7124dc5d"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Mon Jan 05 18:52:54 2009 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Mon Jan 05 18:52:54 2009 -0800"
      },
      "message": "Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/steve/gfs2-2.6-nmw\n\n* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/steve/gfs2-2.6-nmw: (27 commits)\n  GFS2: Use DEFINE_SPINLOCK\n  GFS2: Fix use-after-free bug on umount (try #2)\n  Revert \"GFS2: Fix use-after-free bug on umount\"\n  GFS2: Streamline alloc calculations for writes\n  GFS2: Send useful information with uevent messages\n  GFS2: Fix use-after-free bug on umount\n  GFS2: Remove ancient, unused code\n  GFS2: Move four functions from super.c\n  GFS2: Fix bug in gfs2_lock_fs_check_clean()\n  GFS2: Send some sensible sysfs stuff\n  GFS2: Kill two daemons with one patch\n  GFS2: Move gfs2_recoverd into recovery.c\n  GFS2: Fix \"truncate in progress\" hang\n  GFS2: Clean up \u0026 move gfs2_quotad\n  GFS2: Add more detail to debugfs glock dumps\n  GFS2: Banish struct gfs2_rgrpd_host\n  GFS2: Move rg_free from gfs2_rgrpd_host to gfs2_rgrpd\n  GFS2: Move rg_igeneration into struct gfs2_rgrpd\n  GFS2: Banish struct gfs2_dinode_host\n  GFS2: Move i_size from gfs2_dinode_host and rename it to i_disksize\n  ...\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "520c85346666d4d9a6fcaaa8450542302dc28b91",
      "tree": "9c9cc9e2493b606104dd8602302ae28258ebeac0",
      "parents": [
        "e8c82c2e23e3527e0c9dc195e432c16784d270fa",
        "4ae8978cf92a96257cd8998a49e781be83571d64"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Mon Jan 05 18:32:06 2009 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Mon Jan 05 18:32:06 2009 -0800"
      },
      "message": "Merge branch \u0027for-linus\u0027 of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs-2.6\n\n* \u0027for-linus\u0027 of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs-2.6:\n  inotify: fix type errors in interfaces\n  fix breakage in reiserfs_new_inode()\n  fix the treatment of jfs special inodes\n  vfs: remove duplicate code in get_fs_type()\n  add a vfs_fsync helper\n  sys_execve and sys_uselib do not call into fsnotify\n  zero i_uid/i_gid on inode allocation\n  inode-\u003ei_op is never NULL\n  ntfs: don\u0027t NULL i_op\n  isofs check for NULL -\u003ei_op in root directory is dead code\n  affs: do not zero -\u003ei_op\n  kill suid bit only for regular files\n  vfs: lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_CUR) race condition\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "4c728ef583b3d82266584da5cb068294c09df31e",
      "tree": "1252fa82b5a7cf60c0898c3da810228b4c34ebb3",
      "parents": [
        "6110e3abbff8b785907d4db50240e63c1be726e3"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Christoph Hellwig",
        "email": "hch@lst.de",
        "time": "Mon Dec 22 21:11:15 2008 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Mon Jan 05 11:54:28 2009 -0500"
      },
      "message": "add a vfs_fsync helper\n\nFsync currently has a fdatawrite/fdatawait pair around the method call,\nand a mutex_lock/unlock of the inode mutex.  All callers of fsync have\nto duplicate this, but we have a few and most of them don\u0027t quite get\nit right.  This patch adds a new vfs_fsync that takes care of this.\nIt\u0027s a little more complicated as usual as -\u003efsync might get a NULL file\npointer and just a dentry from nfsd, but otherwise gets afile and we\nwant to take the mapping and file operations from it when it is there.\n\nNotes on the fsync callers:\n\n - ecryptfs wasn\u0027t calling filemap_fdatawrite / filemap_fdatawait on the\n   \tlower file\n - coda wasn\u0027t calling filemap_fdatawrite / filemap_fdatawait on the host\n\tfile, and returning 0 when -\u003efsync was missing\n - shm wasn\u0027t calling either filemap_fdatawrite / filemap_fdatawait nor\n   taking i_mutex.  Now given that shared memory doesn\u0027t have disk\n   backing not doing anything in fsync seems fine and I left it out of\n   the vfs_fsync conversion for now, but in that case we might just\n   not pass it through to the lower file at all but just call the no-op\n   simple_sync_file directly.\n\n[and now actually export vfs_fsync]\n\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@lst.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "e9079cce201784632aed4b1a3121ee38c1ced0b6",
      "tree": "6d99fc45afb3889e5835d713948226d7548d6750",
      "parents": [
        "fe0bdec68b77020281dc814805edfe594ae89e0f"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Steven Whitehouse",
        "email": "swhiteho@redhat.com",
        "time": "Tue Oct 14 14:43:29 2008 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Steven Whitehouse",
        "email": "swhiteho@redhat.com",
        "time": "Mon Jan 05 07:38:46 2009 +0000"
      },
      "message": "GFS2: Support for FIEMAP ioctl\n\nThis patch implements the FIEMAP ioctl for GFS2. We can use the generic\ncode (aside from a lock order issue, solved as per Ted Tso\u0027s suggestion)\nfor which I\u0027ve introduced a new variant of the generic function. We also\nhave one exception to deal with, namely stuffed files, so we do that\n\"by hand\", setting all the required flags.\n\nThis has been tested with a modified (I could only find an old version) of\nEric\u0027s test program, and appears to work correctly.\n\nThis patch does not currently support FIEMAP of xattrs, but the plan is to add\nthat feature at some future point.\n\nSigned-off-by: Steven Whitehouse \u003cswhiteho@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Theodore Tso \u003ctytso@mit.edu\u003e\nCc: Eric Sandeen \u003csandeen@redhat.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "54566b2c1594c2326a645a3551f9d989f7ba3c5e",
      "tree": "b373f3283fe5e197d0df29cd6b645c35adf1076c",
      "parents": [
        "e687d691cb3790d25e31c74f5941fd7c565e9df5"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Nick Piggin",
        "email": "npiggin@suse.de",
        "time": "Sun Jan 04 12:00:53 2009 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Sun Jan 04 13:33:20 2009 -0800"
      },
      "message": "fs: symlink write_begin allocation context fix\n\nWith the write_begin/write_end aops, page_symlink was broken because it\ncould no longer pass a GFP_NOFS type mask into the point where the\nallocations happened.  They are done in write_begin, which would always\nassume that the filesystem can be entered from reclaim.  This bug could\ncause filesystem deadlocks.\n\nThe funny thing with having a gfp_t mask there is that it doesn\u0027t really\nallow the caller to arbitrarily tinker with the context in which it can be\ncalled.  It couldn\u0027t ever be GFP_ATOMIC, for example, because it needs to\ntake the page lock.  The only thing any callers care about is __GFP_FS\nanyway, so turn that into a single flag.\n\nAdd a new flag for write_begin, AOP_FLAG_NOFS.  Filesystems can now act on\nthis flag in their write_begin function.  Change __grab_cache_page to\naccept a nofs argument as well, to honour that flag (while we\u0027re there,\nchange the name to grab_cache_page_write_begin which is more instructive\nand does away with random leading underscores).\n\nThis is really a more flexible way to go in the end anyway -- if a\nfilesystem happens to want any extra allocations aside from the pagecache\nones in ints write_begin function, it may now use GFP_KERNEL (rather than\nGFP_NOFS) for common case allocations (eg.  ocfs2_alloc_write_ctxt, for a\nrandom example).\n\n[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: fix ubifs]\n[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: fix fuse]\nSigned-off-by: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nReviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: \u003cstable@kernel.org\u003e\t\t[2.6.28.x]\nSigned-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro \u003ckosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n[ Cleaned up the calling convention: just pass in the AOP flags\n  untouched to the grab_cache_page_write_begin() function.  That\n  just simplifies everybody, and may even allow future expansion of the\n  logic.   - Linus ]\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "87d8fe1ee6b8d2f95076142d58c440dba4e7bdc2",
      "tree": "8c91506978a16c22268b086f693e307de0ca57db",
      "parents": [
        "0087d9fb3f29f59e8d42c8b058376d80e5adde4c"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Theodore Ts\u0027o",
        "email": "tytso@mit.edu",
        "time": "Sat Jan 03 09:47:09 2009 -0500"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Theodore Ts\u0027o",
        "email": "tytso@mit.edu",
        "time": "Sat Jan 03 09:47:09 2009 -0500"
      },
      "message": "add releasepage hooks to block devices which can be used by file systems\n\nImplement blkdev_releasepage() to release the buffer_heads and pages\nafter we release private data belonging to a mounted filesystem.\n\nCc: Toshiyuki Okajima \u003ctoshi.okajima@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org\nSigned-off-by: \"Theodore Ts\u0027o\" \u003ctytso@mit.edu\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "261bca86ed4f7f391d1938167624e78da61dcc6b",
      "tree": "4601cf090fbfec31fbd554a27c67c717a7caba4b",
      "parents": [
        "272eb01485dda98e3b8910c7c1a53d597616b0a0"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Tue Dec 30 01:48:21 2008 -0500"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Wed Dec 31 18:07:43 2008 -0500"
      },
      "message": "nfsd/create race fixes, infrastructure\n\nnew helpers - insert_inode_locked() and insert_inode_locked4().\nHash new inode, making sure that there\u0027s no such inode in icache\nalready.  If there is and it does not end up unhashed (as would\nhappen if we have nfsd trying to resolve a bogus fhandle), fail.\nOtherwise insert our inode into hash and succeed.\n\nIn either case have i_state set to new+locked; cleanup ends up\nbeing simpler with such calling conventions.\n\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "6badd79bd002788aaec27b50a74ab69ef65ab8ee",
      "tree": "2a47bf53a7fe2316d98cca71f0b7d01d5024a5ea",
      "parents": [
        "b6b3fdead251d432f32f2cfce2a893ab8a658110"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Fri Dec 26 00:57:40 2008 -0500"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Wed Dec 31 18:07:43 2008 -0500"
      },
      "message": "kill -\u003edir_notify()\n\nRemove the hopelessly misguided -\u003edir_notify().  The only instance (cifs)\nhas been broken by design from the very beginning; the objects it creates\nare never destroyed, keep references to struct file they can outlive, nothing\nthat could possibly evict them exists on close(2) path *and* no locking\nwhatsoever is done to prevent races with close(), should the previous, er,\ndeficiencies someday be dealt with.\n\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "cb23beb55100171646e69e248fb45f10db6e99a4",
      "tree": "a8868859b02f14dc27ef560de903088ca35b4ad4",
      "parents": [
        "3fb64190aa3c23c10e6e9fd0124ac030115c99bf"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Christoph Hellwig",
        "email": "hch@lst.de",
        "time": "Fri Oct 24 09:59:29 2008 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Wed Dec 31 18:07:41 2008 -0500"
      },
      "message": "kill vfs_permission\n\nWith all the nameidata removal there\u0027s no point anymore for this helper.\nOf the three callers left two will go away with the next lookup series\nanyway.\n\nAlso add proper kerneldoc to inode_permission as this is the main\npermission check routine now.\n\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@lst.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "3fb64190aa3c23c10e6e9fd0124ac030115c99bf",
      "tree": "6b7b5452d2abbe7964803d8a95c03e5612c8e607",
      "parents": [
        "b4091d5f6fde28ab762e1094a1a26d81f3badfa5"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Christoph Hellwig",
        "email": "hch@lst.de",
        "time": "Fri Oct 24 09:58:10 2008 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Wed Dec 31 18:07:41 2008 -0500"
      },
      "message": "pass a struct path * to may_open\n\nNo need for the nameidata in may_open - a struct path is enough.\n\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@lst.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "dded4f4d5048e64a01cf52eed4d27c8cb2600525",
      "tree": "8c9f4bb7dd7ef7a2a263d5f16fd618e36d8be0d2",
      "parents": [
        "c2452f32786159ed85f0e4b21fec09258f822fc8"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Jan Engelhardt",
        "email": "jengelh@medozas.de",
        "time": "Mon Dec 01 14:34:50 2008 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Wed Dec 31 18:07:38 2008 -0500"
      },
      "message": "include: linux/fs.h: put declarations in __KERNEL__\n\ninclude/linux/fs.h contains externs for a bunch of variables.  That obviously\nbelongs under ifdef __KERNEL__.\n\nSigned-off-by: Jan Engelhardt \u003cjengelh@medozas.de\u003e\nCc: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "0a8c5395f90f06d128247844b2515c8bf3f2826b",
      "tree": "d95382dcdfa303b99d480c01763d6cb6767fdaca",
      "parents": [
        "25051158bbed127e8672b43396c71c5eb610e5f1",
        "3c92ec8ae91ecf59d88c798301833d7cf83f2179"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Lachlan McIlroy",
        "email": "lachlan@redback.melbourne.sgi.com",
        "time": "Mon Dec 29 16:47:18 2008 +1100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Lachlan McIlroy",
        "email": "lachlan@redback.melbourne.sgi.com",
        "time": "Mon Dec 29 16:47:18 2008 +1100"
      },
      "message": "[XFS] Fix merge failures\n\nMerge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6\n\nConflicts:\n\n\tfs/xfs/linux-2.6/xfs_cred.h\n\tfs/xfs/linux-2.6/xfs_globals.h\n\tfs/xfs/linux-2.6/xfs_ioctl.c\n\tfs/xfs/xfs_vnodeops.h\n\nSigned-off-by: Lachlan McIlroy \u003clachlan@sgi.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "cbacc2c7f066a1e01b33b0e27ae5efbf534bc2db",
      "tree": "90d1093131d2a3543a8b3b1f3364e7c6f4081a93",
      "parents": [
        "4a6908a3a050aacc9c3a2f36b276b46c0629ad91",
        "74192246910ff4fb95309ba1a683215644beeb62"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "James Morris",
        "email": "jmorris@namei.org",
        "time": "Thu Dec 25 11:40:09 2008 +1100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "James Morris",
        "email": "jmorris@namei.org",
        "time": "Thu Dec 25 11:40:09 2008 +1100"
      },
      "message": "Merge branch \u0027next\u0027 into for-linus\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "27a0464a6cb837d3a90b6e69365dfc01cb0dff2f",
      "tree": "361f00f4d4ad4c01b6144c52004bee2b948742ad",
      "parents": [
        "4d9d4ebf5de848e3450e23e4db9ac74e23e5daa6",
        "3d44cc3e01ee1b40317f79ed54324e25c4f848df"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Lachlan McIlroy",
        "email": "lachlan@redback.melbourne.sgi.com",
        "time": "Mon Dec 22 17:34:26 2008 +1100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Lachlan McIlroy",
        "email": "lachlan@redback.melbourne.sgi.com",
        "time": "Mon Dec 22 17:34:26 2008 +1100"
      },
      "message": "[XFS] Fix merge conflict in fs/xfs/xfs_rename.c\n\nMerge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6\n\nConflicts:\n\n\tfs/xfs/xfs_rename.c\n\nSigned-off-by: Lachlan McIlroy \u003clachlan@sgi.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "4d4be482a4d78ca906f45e99fd9fdb91e907f5ad",
      "tree": "52974b28fecd3c11fc0596504270ffee976f1b1a",
      "parents": [
        "6d73cf133c5477f7038577bfeda603ce9946f8cb"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Christoph Hellwig",
        "email": "hch@infradead.org",
        "time": "Tue Dec 09 04:47:33 2008 -0500"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Lachlan McIlroy",
        "email": "lachlan@redback.melbourne.sgi.com",
        "time": "Thu Dec 11 13:14:41 2008 +1100"
      },
      "message": "[XFS] add a FMODE flag to make XFS invisible I/O less hacky\n\nXFS has a mode called invisble I/O that doesn\u0027t update any of the\ntimestamps.  It\u0027s used for HSM-style applications and exposed through\nthe nasty open by handle ioctl.\n\nInstead of doing directly assignment of file operations that set an\ninternal flag for it add a new FMODE_NOCMTIME flag that we can check\nin the normal file operations.\n\n(addition of the generic VFS flag has been ACKed by Al as an interims\n solution)\n\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@lst.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Lachlan McIlroy \u003clachlan@sgi.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "fc9161e54d0dbf799beff9692ea1cc6237162b85",
      "tree": "07c08b1bd60cb3b8188aa3470fdf86612019c8ce",
      "parents": [
        "fd4ce1acd0f8558033b1a6968001552bd7671e6d"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Christoph Hellwig",
        "email": "hch@lst.de",
        "time": "Wed Nov 05 14:58:46 2008 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Thu Dec 04 04:22:58 2008 -0500"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH 2/2] documnt FMODE_ constants\n\nMake sure all FMODE_ constants are documents, and ensure a coherent\nstyle for the already existing comments.\n\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@lst.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "fd4ce1acd0f8558033b1a6968001552bd7671e6d",
      "tree": "7ce54f2b2c967fe2315917ffa2eb8eb7d47e7a2b",
      "parents": [
        "ebbefc011e56bd85b4745d01e5b8d7d05d95ed5d"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Christoph Hellwig",
        "email": "hch@lst.de",
        "time": "Wed Nov 05 14:58:42 2008 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Thu Dec 04 04:22:57 2008 -0500"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH 1/2] kill FMODE_NDELAY_NOW\n\nUpdate FMODE_NDELAY before each ioctl call so that we can kill the\nmagic FMODE_NDELAY_NOW.  It would be even better to do this directly\nin setfl(), but for that we\u0027d need to have FMODE_NDELAY for all files,\nnot just block special files.\n\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@lst.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "d76b0d9b2d87cfc95686e148767cbf7d0e22bdc0",
      "tree": "1a2956614018d245facb256ffb8662568cdabcd4",
      "parents": [
        "1d045980e1eff4800472f0e81df9460640c8eee9"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "David Howells",
        "email": "dhowells@redhat.com",
        "time": "Fri Nov 14 10:39:25 2008 +1100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "James Morris",
        "email": "jmorris@namei.org",
        "time": "Fri Nov 14 10:39:25 2008 +1100"
      },
      "message": "CRED: Use creds in file structs\n\nAttach creds to file structs and discard f_uid/f_gid.\n\nfile_operations::open() methods (such as hppfs_open()) should use file-\u003ef_cred\nrather than current_cred().  At the moment file-\u003ef_cred will be current_cred()\nat this point.\n\nSigned-off-by: David Howells \u003cdhowells@redhat.com\u003e\nReviewed-by: James Morris \u003cjmorris@namei.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: James Morris \u003cjmorris@namei.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "745ca2475a6ac596e3d8d37c2759c0fbe2586227",
      "tree": "f87c34bdfbc8542477b16a014bbb4e3b415b286a",
      "parents": [
        "88e67f3b8898c5ea81d2916dd5b8bc9c0c35ba13"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "David Howells",
        "email": "dhowells@redhat.com",
        "time": "Fri Nov 14 10:39:22 2008 +1100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "James Morris",
        "email": "jmorris@namei.org",
        "time": "Fri Nov 14 10:39:22 2008 +1100"
      },
      "message": "CRED: Pass credentials through dentry_open()\n\nPass credentials through dentry_open() so that the COW creds patch can have\nSELinux\u0027s flush_unauthorized_files() pass the appropriate creds back to itself\nwhen it opens its null chardev.\n\nThe security_dentry_open() call also now takes a creds pointer, as does the\ndentry_open hook in struct security_operations.\n\nSigned-off-by: David Howells \u003cdhowells@redhat.com\u003e\nAcked-by: James Morris \u003cjmorris@namei.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: James Morris \u003cjmorris@namei.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "da9592edebceeba1b9301beafe80ec8b9c2db0ce",
      "tree": "00c110cd8ff6d211d76ab4868b6175096a38aad5",
      "parents": [
        "82ab8deda7fef36f067ccdeacc3b3caefc970f89"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "David Howells",
        "email": "dhowells@redhat.com",
        "time": "Fri Nov 14 10:39:05 2008 +1100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "James Morris",
        "email": "jmorris@namei.org",
        "time": "Fri Nov 14 10:39:05 2008 +1100"
      },
      "message": "CRED: Wrap task credential accesses in the filesystem subsystem\n\nWrap access to task credentials so that they can be separated more easily from\nthe task_struct during the introduction of COW creds.\n\nChange most current-\u003e(|e|s|fs)[ug]id to current_(|e|s|fs)[ug]id().\n\nChange some task-\u003ee?[ug]id to task_e?[ug]id().  In some places it makes more\nsense to use RCU directly rather than a convenient wrapper; these will be\naddressed by later patches.\n\nSigned-off-by: David Howells \u003cdhowells@redhat.com\u003e\nReviewed-by: James Morris \u003cjmorris@namei.org\u003e\nAcked-by: Serge Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\nSigned-off-by: James Morris \u003cjmorris@namei.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "dcd7b4e5c0649b1d2219399529b20de1df517e55",
      "tree": "ef00739e48ddda0a30061d62a7348ed4b0c9aeeb",
      "parents": [
        "75fa67706cce5272bcfc51ed646f2da21f3bdb6e",
        "91b777125175077fb74025608dba87f100586c62"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Niv Sardi",
        "email": "xaiki@debian.org",
        "time": "Fri Nov 07 15:07:12 2008 +1100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Niv Sardi",
        "email": "xaiki@debian.org",
        "time": "Fri Nov 07 15:07:12 2008 +1100"
      },
      "message": "Merge branch \u0027master\u0027 of git://oss.sgi.com:8090/xfs/linux-2.6\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "4e02ed4b4a2fae34aae766a5bb93ae235f60adb8",
      "tree": "bddfb61b7cc4a4007ae176ccb1ace5740b61da8d",
      "parents": [
        "9b913735e53ab0da4a792bac0de8e178cc13dcfb"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Nick Piggin",
        "email": "npiggin@suse.de",
        "time": "Wed Oct 29 14:00:55 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Oct 30 11:38:45 2008 -0700"
      },
      "message": "fs: remove prepare_write/commit_write\n\nNothing uses prepare_write or commit_write. Remove them from the tree\ncompletely.\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: schedule simple_prepare_write() for unexporting]\nSigned-off-by: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nCc: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@lst.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "8290c35f87304a6b73d4fd17b03580b4f7425de8",
      "tree": "cf7fb08de3fd7a6a1ccb079d2d5d53837aca16fe",
      "parents": [
        "2cb1599f9b2ecdd7a9e59feeee647eb258966839"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "David Chinner",
        "email": "david@fromorbit.com",
        "time": "Thu Oct 30 17:35:24 2008 +1100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Lachlan McIlroy",
        "email": "lachlan@redback.melbourne.sgi.com",
        "time": "Thu Oct 30 17:35:24 2008 +1100"
      },
      "message": "Inode: Allow external list initialisation\n\nTo allow XFS to combine the XFS and linux inodes into a single\nstructure, we need to drive inode lookup from the XFS inode cache,\nnot the generic inode cache. This means that we need initialise a\nstruct inode from a context outside alloc_inode() as it is no longer\nused by XFS.\n\nAfter inode allocation and initialisation, we need to add the inode\nto the superblock list, the in-use list, hash it and do some\naccounting. This all needs to be done with the inode_lock held and\nthere are already several places in fs/inode.c that do this list\nmanipulation.  Factor out the common code, add a locking wrapper and\nexport the function so ti can be called from XFS.\n\nSigned-off-by: Dave Chinner \u003cdavid@fromorbit.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@infradead.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Lachlan McIlroy \u003clachlan@sgi.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "2cb1599f9b2ecdd7a9e59feeee647eb258966839",
      "tree": "a54cb8c09d209e529d399874eb0be7bc365c5212",
      "parents": [
        "94b97e39b0c983e86f0028c456dcf213abc722a0"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "David Chinner",
        "email": "david@fromorbit.com",
        "time": "Thu Oct 30 17:32:23 2008 +1100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Lachlan McIlroy",
        "email": "lachlan@redback.melbourne.sgi.com",
        "time": "Thu Oct 30 17:32:23 2008 +1100"
      },
      "message": "Inode: Allow external initialisers\n\nTo allow XFS to combine the XFS and linux inodes into a single\nstructure, we need to drive inode lookup from the XFS inode cache,\nnot the generic inode cache. This means that we need initialise a\nstruct inode from a context outside alloc_inode() as it is no longer\nused by XFS.\n\nFactor and export the struct inode initialisation code from\nalloc_inode() to inode_init_always() as a counterpart to\ninode_init_once().  i.e. we have to call this init function for each\ninode instantiation (always), as opposed inode_init_once() which is\nonly called on slab object instantiation (once).\n\nSigned-off-by: Dave Chinner \u003cdavid@fromorbit.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@infradead.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Lachlan McIlroy \u003clachlan@sgi.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "88ed86fee6651033de9b7038dac7869a9f19775a",
      "tree": "38b638d2e7cba110ec271275738f221feb7e0a37",
      "parents": [
        "3856d30ded1fe43c6657927ebad402d25cd128f4",
        "59c7572e82d69483a66eaa67b46548baeb69ecf4"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Oct 23 12:04:37 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Oct 23 12:04:37 2008 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Merge branch \u0027proc\u0027 of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/adobriyan/proc\n\n* \u0027proc\u0027 of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/adobriyan/proc: (35 commits)\n  proc: remove fs/proc/proc_misc.c\n  proc: move /proc/vmcore creation to fs/proc/vmcore.c\n  proc: move pagecount stuff to fs/proc/page.c\n  proc: move all /proc/kcore stuff to fs/proc/kcore.c\n  proc: move /proc/schedstat boilerplate to kernel/sched_stats.h\n  proc: move /proc/modules boilerplate to kernel/module.c\n  proc: move /proc/diskstats boilerplate to block/genhd.c\n  proc: move /proc/zoneinfo boilerplate to mm/vmstat.c\n  proc: move /proc/vmstat boilerplate to mm/vmstat.c\n  proc: move /proc/pagetypeinfo boilerplate to mm/vmstat.c\n  proc: move /proc/buddyinfo boilerplate to mm/vmstat.c\n  proc: move /proc/vmallocinfo to mm/vmalloc.c\n  proc: move /proc/slabinfo boilerplate to mm/slub.c, mm/slab.c\n  proc: move /proc/slab_allocators boilerplate to mm/slab.c\n  proc: move /proc/interrupts boilerplate code to fs/proc/interrupts.c\n  proc: move /proc/stat to fs/proc/stat.c\n  proc: move rest of /proc/partitions code to block/genhd.c\n  proc: move /proc/cpuinfo code to fs/proc/cpuinfo.c\n  proc: move /proc/devices code to fs/proc/devices.c\n  proc: move rest of /proc/locks to fs/locks.c\n  ...\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "22484856402bfa1ff3defe47f6029ab0418240d9",
      "tree": "140c67bf59674da350a7b51765d6ff7eb101b597",
      "parents": [
        "5ed487bc2c44ca4e9668ef9cb54c830e2a9fac47",
        "56b26add02b4bdea81d5e0ebda60db1fe3311ad4"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Oct 23 10:23:07 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Oct 23 10:23:07 2008 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/bdev\n\n* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/bdev: (66 commits)\n  [PATCH] kill the rest of struct file propagation in block ioctls\n  [PATCH] get rid of struct file use in blkdev_ioctl() BLKBSZSET\n  [PATCH] get rid of blkdev_locked_ioctl()\n  [PATCH] get rid of blkdev_driver_ioctl()\n  [PATCH] sanitize blkdev_get() and friends\n  [PATCH] remember mode of reiserfs journal\n  [PATCH] propagate mode through swsusp_close()\n  [PATCH] propagate mode through open_bdev_excl/close_bdev_excl\n  [PATCH] pass fmode_t to blkdev_put()\n  [PATCH] kill the unused bsize on the send side of /dev/loop\n  [PATCH] trim file propagation in block/compat_ioctl.c\n  [PATCH] end of methods switch: remove the old ones\n  [PATCH] switch sr\n  [PATCH] switch sd\n  [PATCH] switch ide-scsi\n  [PATCH] switch tape_block\n  [PATCH] switch dcssblk\n  [PATCH] switch dasd\n  [PATCH] switch mtd_blkdevs\n  [PATCH] switch mmc\n  ...\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "d8ba7a363393f803c93c8cffabd6d0362618bc2a",
      "tree": "331010c221eb9dfe396b2e6958a08f0fb695e117",
      "parents": [
        "ae048112c099b0f3adb57f7c0b3a49bc62244609"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Alexey Dobriyan",
        "email": "adobriyan@gmail.com",
        "time": "Sat Oct 04 22:34:18 2008 +0400"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Alexey Dobriyan",
        "email": "adobriyan@gmail.com",
        "time": "Thu Oct 23 14:37:00 2008 +0400"
      },
      "message": "proc: move rest of /proc/locks to fs/locks.c\n\nSigned-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan \u003cadobriyan@gmail.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "08b9fe6b12d32324f311c46b88102b6b9067d434",
      "tree": "899571d596659943bfe236fe89095c6911e73fe3",
      "parents": [
        "a77b72da24ecfe262760874c55e3f6461f1dec0d"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Mimi Zohar",
        "email": "zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com",
        "time": "Mon Oct 13 00:09:50 2008 -0400"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Thu Oct 23 05:13:28 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] i_version: remount support\n\nAdd support for remounting a filesystem with the i_version option.\n\nSigned-off-by: Mimi Zohar \u003czohar@us.ibm.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "f696a3659fc4b3a3bf4bc83d9dbec5e5a2ffd929",
      "tree": "738adf557608f26e881a710839de12b7527549b6",
      "parents": [
        "5cec56deb6d41b5b570306b17cd0b1590ebd0897"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Miklos Szeredi",
        "email": "miklos@szeredi.hu",
        "time": "Thu Jul 31 13:41:58 2008 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Thu Oct 23 05:13:25 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] move executable checking into -\u003epermission()\n\nFor execute permission on a regular files we need to check if file has\nany execute bits at all, regardless of capabilites.\n\nThis check is normally performed by generic_permission() but was also\nadded to the case when the filesystem defines its own -\u003epermission()\nmethod.  In the latter case the filesystem should be responsible for\nperforming this check.\n\nMove the check from inode_permission() inside filesystems which are\nnot calling generic_permission().\n\nCreate a helper function execute_ok() that returns true if the inode\nis a directory or if any execute bits are present in i_mode.\n\nAlso fix up the following code:\n\n - coda control file is never executable\n - sysctl files are never executable\n - hfs_permission seems broken on MAY_EXEC, remove\n - hfsplus_permission is eqivalent to generic_permission(), remove\n\nSigned-off-by: Miklos Szeredi \u003cmszeredi@suse.cz\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "6de24f0ed08054b2a202902e4d63beff27654db8",
      "tree": "91f378a0335b5b9756020d37e1c54bba4a2d6434",
      "parents": [
        "8966c5e0fc867f5a7da5756b4cd1b8bbbed3d5dd"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Alexey Dobriyan",
        "email": "adobriyan@gmail.com",
        "time": "Thu Aug 28 06:25:49 2008 +0400"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Thu Oct 23 05:13:13 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH 1/2] anondev: init IDR statically\n\nSigned-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan \u003cadobriyan@gmail.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "56b26add02b4bdea81d5e0ebda60db1fe3311ad4",
      "tree": "3e9b5877f77ce24a6d17574ff3d32ae8351fa0ef",
      "parents": [
        "6af3a56e1dd4d95836a47214e5c60d5b749a5501"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "al@aretha.pdmi.ras.ru",
        "time": "Fri Sep 19 03:17:36 2008 -0400"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Tue Oct 21 07:49:14 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] kill the rest of struct file propagation in block ioctls\n\nNow we can switch blkdev_ioctl() block_device/mode\n\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "e436fdae70a31102d2be32969b80fe8545edebd9",
      "tree": "ab07320851fc5ae82bc422ab54dbb922a8057452",
      "parents": [
        "572c48921574dbe6dceb958cf965aa962baefde4"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "al@aretha.pdmi.ras.ru",
        "time": "Thu Sep 18 03:38:12 2008 -0400"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Tue Oct 21 07:49:08 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] get rid of blkdev_driver_ioctl()\n\nconvert remaining callers to __blkdev_driver_ioctl()\n\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "572c48921574dbe6dceb958cf965aa962baefde4",
      "tree": "c1d889288d567cb6b596d10041526d2a8031bae3",
      "parents": [
        "e5eb8caa83a76191feb9705c1a0a689ca260b91e"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Mon Oct 08 13:24:05 2007 -0400"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Tue Oct 21 07:49:06 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sanitize blkdev_get() and friends\n\n* get rid of fake struct file/struct dentry in __blkdev_get()\n* merge __blkdev_get() and do_open()\n* get rid of flags argument of blkdev_get()\n\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "30c40d2c01f68c7eb1a41ab3552bdaf5dbf300d4",
      "tree": "38b69a80c4c0df13ef3b905f5195f6cadf930223",
      "parents": [
        "9a1c3542768b5a58e45a9216921cd10a3bae1205"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Fri Feb 22 19:50:45 2008 -0500"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Tue Oct 21 07:49:00 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] propagate mode through open_bdev_excl/close_bdev_excl\n\nreplace open_bdev_excl/close_bdev_excl with variants taking fmode_t.\nsuperblock gets the value used to mount it stored in sb-\u003es_mode\n\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "9a1c3542768b5a58e45a9216921cd10a3bae1205",
      "tree": "c20ffda950db868ec7e1e35aed532962de2ecfd9",
      "parents": [
        "511de73ff09034fb89c8d54bed201a10d057328c"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Fri Feb 22 20:40:24 2008 -0500"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Tue Oct 21 07:48:58 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] pass fmode_t to blkdev_put()\n\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "d4430d62fa77208824a37fe6f85ab2831d274769",
      "tree": "5d4d0bca31e63eb208fbebe4f39c912b964c1e4d",
      "parents": [
        "badf8082c33d18b118d3a6f1b32d5ea6b97d3839"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Sun Mar 02 09:09:22 2008 -0500"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Tue Oct 21 07:47:32 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] beginning of methods conversion\n\nTo keep the size of changesets sane we split the switch by drivers;\nto keep the damn thing bisectable we do the following:\n\t1) rename the affected methods, add ones with correct\nprototypes, make (few) callers handle both.  That\u0027s this changeset.\n\t2) for each driver convert to new methods.  *ALL* drivers\nare converted in this series.\n\t3) kill the old (renamed) methods.\n\nNote that it _is_ a flagday; all in-tree drivers are converted and by the\nend of this series no trace of old methods remain.  The only reason why\nwe do that this way is to keep the damn thing bisectable and allow per-driver\ndebugging if anything goes wrong.\n\nNew methods:\n\topen(bdev, mode)\n\trelease(disk, mode)\n\tioctl(bdev, mode, cmd, arg)\t\t/* Called without BKL */\n\tcompat_ioctl(bdev, mode, cmd, arg)\n\tlocked_ioctl(bdev, mode, cmd, arg)\t/* Called with BKL, legacy */\n\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "08f85851215100d0eebf026810955ee6ad456c38",
      "tree": "bdc0034edc2e3c49fa832ef08d13de190374049a",
      "parents": [
        "647b3d0084158c47b1aea8f34d13cab9cd0a5b49"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Mon Oct 08 13:26:20 2007 -0400"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Tue Oct 21 07:47:20 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] move block_device_operations to blkdev.h\n\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "86d434dede14108dd917b25af0f29c0cb28b8d18",
      "tree": "f69305e5213ac9eab854b8c85a918fd71c106e06",
      "parents": [
        "aeb5d727062a0238a2f96c9c380fbd2be4640c6f"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Sun Aug 26 19:50:05 2007 -0400"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Tue Oct 21 07:47:08 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] eliminate use of -\u003ef_flags in block methods\n\nstore needed information in f_mode\n\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "aeb5d727062a0238a2f96c9c380fbd2be4640c6f",
      "tree": "51dae8a071fcf42e4431a66d37c5b843c8e99cf6",
      "parents": [
        "2515ddc6db8eb49a79f0fe5e67ff09ac7c81eab4"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Tue Sep 02 15:28:45 2008 -0400"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Tue Oct 21 07:47:06 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] introduce fmode_t, do annotations\n\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "8acd3a60bcca17c6d89c73cee3ad6057eb83ba1e",
      "tree": "d610c8d39246c33c499ee9d92d302d3ca9e89ae3",
      "parents": [
        "c269bc00fcb876ae3b85f178f1e34601185c8ccc",
        "107e0008dfb8bd6366bc8827f5bbbc0c1f795d2d"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Tue Oct 14 12:31:14 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Tue Oct 14 12:31:14 2008 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Merge branch \u0027for-2.6.28\u0027 of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linux\n\n* \u0027for-2.6.28\u0027 of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linux: (59 commits)\n  svcrdma: Fix IRD/ORD polarity\n  svcrdma: Update svc_rdma_send_error to use DMA LKEY\n  svcrdma: Modify the RPC reply path to use FRMR when available\n  svcrdma: Modify the RPC recv path to use FRMR when available\n  svcrdma: Add support to svc_rdma_send to handle chained WR\n  svcrdma: Modify post recv path to use local dma key\n  svcrdma: Add a service to register a Fast Reg MR with the device\n  svcrdma: Query device for Fast Reg support during connection setup\n  svcrdma: Add FRMR get/put services\n  NLM: Remove unused argument from svc_addsock() function\n  NLM: Remove \"proto\" argument from lockd_up()\n  NLM: Always start both UDP and TCP listeners\n  lockd: Remove unused fields in the nlm_reboot structure\n  lockd: Add helper to sanity check incoming NOTIFY requests\n  lockd: change nlmclnt_grant() to take a \"struct sockaddr *\"\n  lockd: Adjust nlmsvc_lookup_host() to accomodate AF_INET6 addresses\n  lockd: Adjust nlmclnt_lookup_host() signature to accomodate non-AF_INET\n  lockd: Support non-AF_INET addresses in nlm_lookup_host()\n  NLM: Convert nlm_lookup_host() to use a single argument\n  svcrdma: Add Fast Reg MR Data Types\n  ...\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "fd048088306656824958e7783ffcee27e241b361",
      "tree": "be11bebe3bbd2cac88ff27bd3c7450339d21bdc7",
      "parents": [
        "5c3c4d9b5810c9aabd8c05219c62ca088aa83eb0",
        "03010a3350301baac2154fa66de925ae2981b7e3"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Sat Oct 11 13:23:48 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Sat Oct 11 13:23:48 2008 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Merge branch \u0027for_linus\u0027 of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4\n\n* \u0027for_linus\u0027 of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4: (43 commits)\n  ext4: Rename ext4dev to ext4\n  ext4: Avoid double dirtying of super block in ext4_put_super()\n  Update ext4 MAINTAINERS file\n  Hook ext4 to the vfs fiemap interface.\n  generic block based fiemap implementation\n  ocfs2: fiemap support\n  vfs: vfs-level fiemap interface\n  ext4: fix xattr deadlock\n  jbd2: Fix buffer head leak when writing the commit block\n  ext4: Add debugging markers that can be used by systemtap\n  jbd2: abort instead of waiting for nonexistent transaction\n  ext4: fix initialization of UNINIT bitmap blocks\n  ext4: Remove old legacy block allocator\n  ext4: Use readahead when reading an inode from the inode table\n  ext4: Improve the documentation for ext4\u0027s /proc tunables\n  ext4: Combine proc file handling into a single set of functions\n  ext4: move /proc setup and teardown out of mballoc.c\n  ext4: Don\u0027t use \u0027struct dentry\u0027 for internal lookups\n  ext4/jbd2: Avoid WARN() messages when failing to write to the superblock\n  ext4: use percpu data structures for lg_prealloc_list\n  ...\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "c3279d1454cdfed02a557d789d8a6d08ab4cbe70",
      "tree": "2591c7c0886f9b6b63aa40e3ef3caa984370c38b",
      "parents": [
        "0c002c2f74e10baa9021d3ecc50585c6eafea568"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Andrew Patterson",
        "email": "andrew.patterson@hp.com",
        "time": "Thu Sep 04 14:27:25 2008 -0600"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "jens.axboe@oracle.com",
        "time": "Thu Oct 09 08:56:12 2008 +0200"
      },
      "message": "Adjust block device size after an online resize of a disk.\n\nThe revalidate_disk routine now checks if a disk has been resized by\ncomparing the gendisk capacity to the bdev inode size.  If they are\ndifferent (usually because the disk has been resized underneath the kernel)\nthe bdev inode size is adjusted to match the capacity.\n\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Patterson \u003candrew.patterson@hp.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Jens Axboe \u003cjens.axboe@oracle.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "0c002c2f74e10baa9021d3ecc50585c6eafea568",
      "tree": "c7d29fe0968b852f798f78bbd9231df155c56180",
      "parents": [
        "243294dae09c909c0442c8f04d470b69c3c19d6e"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Andrew Patterson",
        "email": "andrew.patterson@hp.com",
        "time": "Thu Sep 04 14:27:20 2008 -0600"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "jens.axboe@oracle.com",
        "time": "Thu Oct 09 08:56:12 2008 +0200"
      },
      "message": "Wrapper for lower-level revalidate_disk routines.\n\nThis is a wrapper for the lower-level revalidate_disk call-backs such\nas sd_revalidate_disk(). It allows us to perform pre and post\noperations when calling them.\n\nWe will use this wrapper in a later patch to adjust block device sizes\nafter an online resize (a _post_ operation).\n\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Patterson \u003candrew.patterson@hp.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Jens Axboe \u003cjens.axboe@oracle.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "1f0142905d4812966831613847db38a66da29eb8",
      "tree": "0db3c802fccfa7b2b8b74bfd0078258e8fb8e22d",
      "parents": [
        "bcce3de1be61e424deef35d1e86e86a35c4b6e65"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Tejun Heo",
        "email": "tj@kernel.org",
        "time": "Mon Aug 25 19:47:23 2008 +0900"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "jens.axboe@oracle.com",
        "time": "Thu Oct 09 08:56:06 2008 +0200"
      },
      "message": "block: adjust formatting for large minors and add ext_range sysfs attr\n\nWith extended minors and the soon-to-follow debug feature, large minor\nnumbers for block devices will be common.  This patch does the\nfollowings to make printouts pretty.\n\n* Adapt print formats such that large minors don\u0027t break the\n  formatting.\n\n* For extended MAJ:MIN, %02x%02x for MAJ:MIN used in\n  printk_all_partitions() doesn\u0027t cut it anymore.  Update it such that\n  %03x:%05x is used if either MAJ or MIN doesn\u0027t fit in %02x.\n\n* Implement ext_range sysfs attribute which shows total minors the\n  device can use including both conventional minor space and the\n  extended one.\n\nSigned-off-by: Tejun Heo \u003ctj@kernel.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Jens Axboe \u003cjens.axboe@oracle.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "e17fc0a1ccf88f6d4dcb363729f3141b0958c325",
      "tree": "0a7c2dc1c3159c2af14d87c67ca83e158b2c78b5",
      "parents": [
        "d30a2605be9d5132d95944916e8f578fcfe4f976"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "David Woodhouse",
        "email": "David.Woodhouse@intel.com",
        "time": "Sat Aug 09 16:42:20 2008 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "jens.axboe@oracle.com",
        "time": "Thu Oct 09 08:56:02 2008 +0200"
      },
      "message": "Allow elevators to sort/merge discard requests\n\nBut blkdev_issue_discard() still emits requests which are interpreted as\nsoft barriers, because naïve callers might otherwise issue subsequent\nwrites to those same sectors, which might cross on the queue (if they\u0027re\nreallocated quickly enough).\n\nCallers still _can_ issue non-barrier discard requests, but they have to\ntake care of queue ordering for themselves.\n\nSigned-off-by: David Woodhouse \u003cDavid.Woodhouse@intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Jens Axboe \u003cjens.axboe@oracle.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "d30a2605be9d5132d95944916e8f578fcfe4f976",
      "tree": "91a8161cb09536ab838ef47fceabb0da0bea9256",
      "parents": [
        "2ebca85abcfcbaaf1c0b242e39fc88ad3da90090"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "David Woodhouse",
        "email": "David.Woodhouse@intel.com",
        "time": "Mon Aug 11 15:58:42 2008 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "jens.axboe@oracle.com",
        "time": "Thu Oct 09 08:56:02 2008 +0200"
      },
      "message": "Add BLKDISCARD ioctl to allow userspace to discard sectors\n\nWe may well want mkfs tools to use this to mark the whole device as\nunwanted before they format it, for example.\n\nThe ioctl takes a pair of uint64_ts, which are start offset and length\nin _bytes_. Although at the moment it might make sense for them both to\nbe in 512-byte sectors, I don\u0027t want to limit the ABI to that.\n\nSigned-off-by: David Woodhouse \u003cDavid.Woodhouse@intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Jens Axboe \u003cjens.axboe@oracle.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "fb2dce862d9f9a68e6b9374579056ec9eca02a63",
      "tree": "888e0fd7248c9329fa1aa3981043a2dc2457d488",
      "parents": [
        "d628eaef310533767ce68664873869c2d7f78f09"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "David Woodhouse",
        "email": "David.Woodhouse@intel.com",
        "time": "Tue Aug 05 18:01:53 2008 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "jens.axboe@oracle.com",
        "time": "Thu Oct 09 08:56:01 2008 +0200"
      },
      "message": "Add \u0027discard\u0027 request handling\n\nSome block devices benefit from a hint that they can forget the contents\nof certain sectors. Add basic support for this to the block core, along\nwith a \u0027blkdev_issue_discard()\u0027 helper function which issues such\nrequests.\n\nThe caller doesn\u0027t get to provide an end_io functio, since\nblkdev_issue_discard() will automatically split the request up into\nmultiple bios if appropriate. Neither does the function wait for\ncompletion -- it\u0027s expected that callers won\u0027t care about when, or even\n_if_, the request completes. It\u0027s only a hint to the device anyway. By\ndefinition, the file system doesn\u0027t _care_ about these sectors any more.\n\n[With feedback from OGAWA Hirofumi \u003chirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp\u003e and\nJens Axboe \u003cjens.axboe@oracle.com]\n\nSigned-off-by: David Woodhouse \u003cDavid.Woodhouse@intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Jens Axboe \u003cjens.axboe@oracle.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "68c9d702bb72f367f3b148963ec6cf5e07ff7f65",
      "tree": "16fc61a1bd973c14a7858ab1fbcb306d3ae75184",
      "parents": [
        "00dc417fa3e763345b34ccb6034d72de76eea0a1"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Josef Bacik",
        "email": "jbacik@redhat.com",
        "time": "Fri Oct 03 17:32:43 2008 -0400"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Theodore Ts\u0027o",
        "email": "tytso@mit.edu",
        "time": "Fri Oct 03 17:32:43 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "generic block based fiemap implementation\n\nAny block based fs (this patch includes ext3) just has to declare its own\nfiemap() function and then call this generic function with its own\nget_block_t. This works well for block based filesystems that will map\nmultiple contiguous blocks at one time, but will work for filesystems that\nonly map one block at a time, you will just end up with an \"extent\" for each\nblock. One gotcha is this will not play nicely where there is hole+data\nafter the EOF. This function will assume its hit the end of the data as soon\nas it hits a hole after the EOF, so if there is any data past that it will\nnot pick that up. AFAIK no block based fs does this anyway, but its in the\ncomments of the function anyway just in case.\n\nSigned-off-by: Josef Bacik \u003cjbacik@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Mark Fasheh \u003cmfasheh@suse.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: \"Theodore Ts\u0027o\" \u003ctytso@mit.edu\u003e\nCc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "c4b929b85bdb64afacbbf6453b1f2bf7e14c9e89",
      "tree": "6f5a4b1378d7b609d0f1ceab93fb501cf91b218a",
      "parents": [
        "4d20c685fa365766a8f13584b4c8178a15ab7103"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Mark Fasheh",
        "email": "mfasheh@suse.com",
        "time": "Wed Oct 08 19:44:18 2008 -0400"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Theodore Ts\u0027o",
        "email": "tytso@mit.edu",
        "time": "Wed Oct 08 19:44:18 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "vfs: vfs-level fiemap interface\n\nBasic vfs-level fiemap infrastructure, which sets up a new -\u003efiemap\ninode operation.\n\nUserspace can get extent information on a file via fiemap ioctl. As input,\nthe fiemap ioctl takes a struct fiemap which includes an array of struct\nfiemap_extent (fm_extents). Size of the extent array is passed as\nfm_extent_count and number of extents returned will be written into\nfm_mapped_extents. Offset and length fields on the fiemap structure\n(fm_start, fm_length) describe a logical range which will be searched for\nextents. All extents returned will at least partially contain this range.\nThe actual extent offsets and ranges returned will be unmodified from their\noffset and range on-disk.\n\nThe fiemap ioctl returns \u00270\u0027 on success. On error, -1 is returned and errno\nis set. If errno is equal to EBADR, then fm_flags will contain those flags\nwhich were passed in which the kernel did not understand. On all other\nerrors, the contents of fm_extents is undefined.\n\nAs fiemap evolved, there have been many authors of the vfs patch. As far as\nI can tell, the list includes:\nKalpak Shah \u003ckalpak.shah@sun.com\u003e\nAndreas Dilger \u003cadilger@sun.com\u003e\nEric Sandeen \u003csandeen@redhat.com\u003e\nMark Fasheh \u003cmfasheh@suse.com\u003e\n\nSigned-off-by: Mark Fasheh \u003cmfasheh@suse.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: \"Theodore Ts\u0027o\" \u003ctytso@mit.edu\u003e\nCc: Michael Kerrisk \u003cmtk.manpages@googlemail.com\u003e\nCc: linux-api@vger.kernel.org\nCc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "af558e33bedab672f5cfd3260bce7445e353fe21",
      "tree": "eb89187b6c12640a00584bd35be035ba332e4af3",
      "parents": [
        "d5b337b4877f7c4e1d761434ee04d045b0201e03"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "J. Bruce Fields",
        "email": "bfields@citi.umich.edu",
        "time": "Thu Sep 06 12:34:25 2007 -0400"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "J. Bruce Fields",
        "email": "bfields@citi.umich.edu",
        "time": "Fri Oct 03 16:19:02 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "nfsd: common grace period control\n\nRewrite grace period code to unify management of grace period across\nlockd and nfsd.  The current code has lockd and nfsd cooperate to\ncompute a grace period which is satisfactory to them both, and then\nindividually enforce it.  This creates a slight race condition, since\nthe enforcement is not coordinated.  It\u0027s also more complicated than\nnecessary.\n\nHere instead we have lockd and nfsd each inform common code when they\nenter the grace period, and when they\u0027re ready to leave the grace\nperiod, and allow normal locking only after both of them are ready to\nleave.\n\nWe also expect the locks_start_grace()/locks_end_grace() interface here\nto be simpler to build on for future cluster/high-availability work,\nwhich may require (for example) putting individual filesystems into\ngrace, or enforcing grace periods across multiple cluster nodes.\n\nSigned-off-by: J. Bruce Fields \u003cbfields@citi.umich.edu\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "bfcd17a6c5529bc37234cfa720a047cf9397bcfc",
      "tree": "f4e087479a8c559f1a5ca3be96c64afd172e12c1",
      "parents": [
        "04716e6621ff4abb422d64ba7b48718f52716a3e"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Thomas Petazzoni",
        "email": "thomas.petazzoni@free-electrons.com",
        "time": "Wed Aug 06 15:12:22 2008 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "J. Bruce Fields",
        "email": "bfields@citi.umich.edu",
        "time": "Mon Sep 29 17:56:57 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "Configure out file locking features\n\nThis patch adds the CONFIG_FILE_LOCKING option which allows to remove\nsupport for advisory locks. With this patch enabled, the flock()\nsystem call, the F_GETLK, F_SETLK and F_SETLKW operations of fcntl()\nand NFS support are disabled. These features are not necessarly needed\non embedded systems. It allows to save ~11 Kb of kernel code and data:\n\n   text          data     bss     dec     hex filename\n1125436        118764  212992 1457192  163c28 vmlinux.old\n1114299        118564  212992 1445855  160fdf vmlinux\n -11137    -200       0  -11337   -2C49 +/-\n\nThis patch has originally been written by Matt Mackall\n\u003cmpm@selenic.com\u003e, and is part of the Linux Tiny project.\n\nSigned-off-by: Thomas Petazzoni \u003cthomas.petazzoni@free-electrons.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Matt Mackall \u003cmpm@selenic.com\u003e\nCc: matthew@wil.cx\nCc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org\nCc: mpm@selenic.com\nCc: akpm@linux-foundation.org\nSigned-off-by: J. Bruce Fields \u003cbfields@citi.umich.edu\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "8ab22b9abb5c55413802e4adc9aa6223324547c3",
      "tree": "cff3319e1275e8a7c083d492889ec6bd0c7712d3",
      "parents": [
        "d84a52f62f6a396ed77aa0052da74ca9e760b28a"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Hisashi Hifumi",
        "email": "hifumi.hisashi@oss.ntt.co.jp",
        "time": "Mon Jul 28 15:46:36 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Mon Jul 28 16:30:21 2008 -0700"
      },
      "message": "vfs: pagecache usage optimization for pagesize!\u003dblocksize\n\nWhen we read some part of a file through pagecache, if there is a\npagecache of corresponding index but this page is not uptodate, read IO\nis issued and this page will be uptodate.\n\nI think this is good for pagesize \u003d\u003d blocksize environment but there is\nroom for improvement on pagesize !\u003d blocksize environment.  Because in\nthis case a page can have multiple buffers and even if a page is not\nuptodate, some buffers can be uptodate.\n\nSo I suggest that when all buffers which correspond to a part of a file\nthat we want to read are uptodate, use this pagecache and copy data from\nthis pagecache to user buffer even if a page is not uptodate.  This can\nreduce read IO and improve system throughput.\n\nI wrote a benchmark program and got result number with this program.\n\nThis benchmark do:\n\n  1: mount and open a test file.\n\n  2: create a 512MB file.\n\n  3: close a file and umount.\n\n  4: mount and again open a test file.\n\n  5: pwrite randomly 300000 times on a test file.  offset is aligned\n     by IO size(1024bytes).\n\n  6: measure time of preading randomly 100000 times on a test file.\n\nThe result was:\n\t2.6.26\n        330 sec\n\n\t2.6.26-patched\n        226 sec\n\nArch:i386\nFilesystem:ext3\nBlocksize:1024 bytes\nMemory: 1GB\n\nOn ext3/4, a file is written through buffer/block.  So random read/write\nmixed workloads or random read after random write workloads are optimized\nwith this patch under pagesize !\u003d blocksize environment.  This test result\nshowed this.\n\nThe benchmark program is as follows:\n\n#include \u003cstdio.h\u003e\n#include \u003csys/types.h\u003e\n#include \u003csys/stat.h\u003e\n#include \u003cfcntl.h\u003e\n#include \u003cunistd.h\u003e\n#include \u003ctime.h\u003e\n#include \u003cstdlib.h\u003e\n#include \u003cstring.h\u003e\n#include \u003csys/mount.h\u003e\n\n#define LEN 1024\n#define LOOP 1024*512 /* 512MB */\n\nmain(void)\n{\n\tunsigned long i, offset, filesize;\n\tint fd;\n\tchar buf[LEN];\n\ttime_t t1, t2;\n\n\tif (mount(\"/dev/sda1\", \"/root/test1/\", \"ext3\", 0, 0) \u003c 0) {\n\t\tperror(\"cannot mount\\n\");\n\t\texit(1);\n\t}\n\tmemset(buf, 0, LEN);\n\tfd \u003d open(\"/root/test1/testfile\", O_CREAT|O_RDWR|O_TRUNC);\n\tif (fd \u003c 0) {\n\t\tperror(\"cannot open file\\n\");\n\t\texit(1);\n\t}\n\tfor (i \u003d 0; i \u003c LOOP; i++)\n\t\twrite(fd, buf, LEN);\n\tclose(fd);\n\tif (umount(\"/root/test1/\") \u003c 0) {\n\t\tperror(\"cannot umount\\n\");\n\t\texit(1);\n\t}\n\tif (mount(\"/dev/sda1\", \"/root/test1/\", \"ext3\", 0, 0) \u003c 0) {\n\t\tperror(\"cannot mount\\n\");\n\t\texit(1);\n\t}\n\tfd \u003d open(\"/root/test1/testfile\", O_RDWR);\n\tif (fd \u003c 0) {\n\t\tperror(\"cannot open file\\n\");\n\t\texit(1);\n\t}\n\n\tfilesize \u003d LEN * LOOP;\n\tfor (i \u003d 0; i \u003c 300000; i++){\n\t\toffset \u003d (random() % filesize) \u0026 (~(LEN - 1));\n\t\tpwrite(fd, buf, LEN, offset);\n\t}\n\tprintf(\"start test\\n\");\n\ttime(\u0026t1);\n\tfor (i \u003d 0; i \u003c 100000; i++){\n\t\toffset \u003d (random() % filesize) \u0026 (~(LEN - 1));\n\t\tpread(fd, buf, LEN, offset);\n\t}\n\ttime(\u0026t2);\n\tprintf(\"%ld sec\\n\", t2-t1);\n\tclose(fd);\n\tif (umount(\"/root/test1/\") \u003c 0) {\n\t\tperror(\"cannot umount\\n\");\n\t\texit(1);\n\t}\n}\n\nSigned-off-by: Hisashi Hifumi \u003chifumi.hisashi@oss.ntt.co.jp\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnickpiggin@yahoo.com.au\u003e\nCc: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@infradead.org\u003e\nCc: Jan Kara \u003cjack@ucw.cz\u003e\nCc: \u003clinux-ext4@vger.kernel.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "3f8206d496e9e9495afb1d4e70d29712b4d403c9",
      "tree": "5bedea1aff8b5e584fbf8497c80fcaccf9242d69",
      "parents": [
        "964bd183624c03680796b63b4ab97ee3905a806a"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Sat Jul 26 03:46:43 2008 -0400"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Sat Jul 26 20:53:42 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] get rid of indirect users of namei.h\n\nfs.h needs path.h, not namei.h; nfs_fs.h doesn\u0027t need it at all.\nSeveral places in the tree needed direct include.\n\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "516e0cc5646f377ab80fcc2ee639892eccb99853",
      "tree": "e06296dcedb42dbe397d237887873e70c5823d51",
      "parents": [
        "3c333937ee3be114b181c4861188cfe8f6a59697"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Sat Jul 26 00:39:17 2008 -0400"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Sat Jul 26 20:53:40 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] f_count may wrap around\n\nmake it atomic_long_t; while we are at it, get rid of useless checks in affs,\nhfs and hpfs - -\u003eopen() always has it equal to 1, -\u003erelease() - to 0.\n\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "f419a2e3b64def707e1384ee38abb77f99af5f6d",
      "tree": "adbe12c510f04cf25ca6f822ee8004c8679a3a63",
      "parents": [
        "30524472c2f728c20d6bf35191042a5d455c0a64"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Tue Jul 22 00:07:17 2008 -0400"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Sat Jul 26 20:53:31 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] kill nameidata passing to permission(), rename to inode_permission()\n\nIncidentally, the name that gives hundreds of false positives on grep\nis not a good idea...\n\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "9767d74957450da6365c363d69e3d02d605d7375",
      "tree": "913afe491d13b42b0cfcb540569080bba4725dfd",
      "parents": [
        "88b387824fdaecb6ba0f471acf0aadf7d24739fd"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Miklos Szeredi",
        "email": "mszeredi@suse.cz",
        "time": "Tue Jul 01 15:01:26 2008 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Sat Jul 26 20:53:25 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[patch 1/4] vfs: utimes: move owner check into inode_change_ok()\n\nAdd a new ia_valid flag: ATTR_TIMES_SET, to handle the\nUTIMES_OMIT/UTIMES_NOW and UTIMES_NOW/UTIMES_OMIT cases.  In these\ncases neither ATTR_MTIME_SET nor ATTR_ATIME_SET is in the flags, yet\nthe POSIX draft specifies that permission checking is performed the\nsame way as if one or both of the times was explicitly set to a\ntimestamp.\n\nSee the path \"vfs: utimensat(): fix error checking for\n{UTIME_NOW,UTIME_OMIT} case\" by Michael Kerrisk for the patch\nintroducing this behavior.\n\nThis is a cleanup, as well as allowing filesystems (NFS/fuse/...) to\nperform their own permission checking instead of the default.\n\nCC: Ulrich Drepper \u003cdrepper@redhat.com\u003e\nCC: Michael Kerrisk \u003cmtk.manpages@gmail.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Miklos Szeredi \u003cmszeredi@suse.cz\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "a110343f0d6d41f68b7cf8c00b57a3172c67f816",
      "tree": "04f57e3454e796765a7395d2ece4739cf536ae9f",
      "parents": [
        "7f2da1e7d0330395e5e9e350b879b98a1ea495df"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Thu Jul 17 09:19:08 2008 -0400"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Sat Jul 26 20:53:21 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] fix MAY_CHDIR/MAY_ACCESS/LOOKUP_ACCESS mess\n\n* MAY_CHDIR is redundant - it\u0027s an equivalent of MAY_ACCESS\n* MAY_ACCESS on fuse should affect only the last step of pathname resolution\n* fchdir() and chroot() should pass MAY_ACCESS, for the same reason why\n  chdir() needs that.\n* now that we pass MAY_ACCESS explicitly in all cases, LOOKUP_ACCESS can be\n  removed; it has no business being in nameidata.\n\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "db2e747b14991a4c6a5c98b0e5f552a193237c03",
      "tree": "8850e8ef9e1a7bb3d7bbc051f191cd8350093564",
      "parents": [
        "7e79eedb3b22200cc8b774baea3a7bf28d766101"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Miklos Szeredi",
        "email": "mszeredi@suse.cz",
        "time": "Tue Jun 24 16:50:16 2008 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Sat Jul 26 20:53:18 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[patch 5/5] vfs: remove mode parameter from vfs_symlink()\n\nRemove the unused mode parameter from vfs_symlink and callers.\n\nThanks to Tetsuo Handa for noticing.\n\nCC: Tetsuo Handa \u003cpenguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Miklos Szeredi \u003cmszeredi@suse.cz\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "2f1936b87783a3a56c9441b27b9ba7a747f11e8e",
      "tree": "024a0f3da74ba6365f209d03685133760146149b",
      "parents": [
        "c82e42da8a6b2f3a85dc4d4278cb8238702f8f64"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Miklos Szeredi",
        "email": "mszeredi@suse.cz",
        "time": "Tue Jun 24 16:50:14 2008 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Sat Jul 26 20:53:16 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[patch 3/5] vfs: change remove_suid() to file_remove_suid()\n\nAll calls to remove_suid() are made with a file pointer, because\n(similarly to file_update_time) it is called when the file is written.\n\nClean up callers by passing in a file instead of a dentry.\n\nSigned-off-by: Miklos Szeredi \u003cmszeredi@suse.cz\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "e6305c43eda10ebfd2ad9e35d6e172ccc7bb3695",
      "tree": "8a95bd0e27fb3ce895cca9ef91af2e1605e4cdab",
      "parents": [
        "1bd5191d9f5d1928c4efdf604c4164b04bb88dbe"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Tue Jul 15 21:03:57 2008 -0400"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Sat Jul 26 20:53:14 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sanitize -\u003epermission() prototype\n\n* kill nameidata * argument; map the 3 bits in -\u003eflags anybody cares\n  about to new MAY_... ones and pass with the mask.\n* kill redundant gfs2_iop_permission()\n* sanitize ecryptfs_permission()\n* fix remaining places where -\u003epermission() instances might barf on new\n  MAY_... found in mask.\n\nThe obvious next target in that direction is permission(9)\n\nfolded fix for nfs_permission() breakage from Miklos Szeredi \u003cmszeredi@suse.cz\u003e\n\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "d2d9648ec6858e19d16a0b16da62534e85888653",
      "tree": "ba3d66e3ed90ef56ec58e699beeb487db930375b",
      "parents": [
        "d70b67c8bc72ee23b55381bd6a884f4796692f77"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Denys Vlasenko",
        "email": "vda.linux@googlemail.com",
        "time": "Tue Jul 01 14:16:09 2008 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Sat Jul 26 20:53:06 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] reuse xxx_fifo_fops for xxx_pipe_fops\n\nMerge fifo and pipe file_operations.\n\nSigned-off-by: Denys Vlasenko \u003cvda.linux@googlemail.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "19fd6231279be3c3bdd02ed99f9b0eb195978064",
      "tree": "ee09121054262d73c551b57114acd855b82a7a82",
      "parents": [
        "a60637c85893e7191faaafa6a72e197c24386727"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Nick Piggin",
        "email": "npiggin@suse.de",
        "time": "Fri Jul 25 19:45:32 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Sat Jul 26 12:00:06 2008 -0700"
      },
      "message": "mm: spinlock tree_lock\n\nmapping-\u003etree_lock has no read lockers.  convert the lock from an rwlock\nto a spinlock.\n\nSigned-off-by: Nick Piggin \u003cnpiggin@suse.de\u003e\nCc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt \u003cbenh@kernel.crashing.org\u003e\nCc: Paul Mackerras \u003cpaulus@samba.org\u003e\nCc: Hugh Dickins \u003chugh@veritas.com\u003e\nCc: \"Paul E. McKenney\" \u003cpaulmck@us.ibm.com\u003e\nReviewed-by: Peter Zijlstra \u003ca.p.zijlstra@chello.nl\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "bde74e4bc64415b142e556a34d295a52a1b7da9d",
      "tree": "b6bd229307ccab9b1ad03ffbc75f1f9960cd49e4",
      "parents": [
        "cc77b1521d06be07c9bb1a4a3e1f775dcaa15093"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Miklos Szeredi",
        "email": "mszeredi@suse.cz",
        "time": "Fri Jul 25 01:48:57 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Jul 25 10:53:47 2008 -0700"
      },
      "message": "locks: add special return value for asynchronous locks\n\nUse a special error value FILE_LOCK_DEFERRED to mean that a locking\noperation returned asynchronously.  This is returned by\n\n  posix_lock_file() for sleeping locks to mean that the lock has been\n  queued on the block list, and will be woken up when it might become\n  available and needs to be retried (either fl_lmops-\u003efl_notify() is\n  called or fl_wait is woken up).\n\n  f_op-\u003elock() to mean either the above, or that the filesystem will\n  call back with fl_lmops-\u003efl_grant() when the result of the locking\n  operation is known.  The filesystem can do this for sleeping as well\n  as non-sleeping locks.\n\nThis is to make sure, that return values of -EAGAIN and -EINPROGRESS by\nfilesystems are not mistaken to mean an asynchronous locking.\n\nThis also makes error handling in fs/locks.c and lockd/svclock.c slightly\ncleaner.\n\nSigned-off-by: Miklos Szeredi \u003cmszeredi@suse.cz\u003e\nCc: Trond Myklebust \u003ctrond.myklebust@fys.uio.no\u003e\nCc: \"J. Bruce Fields\" \u003cbfields@fieldses.org\u003e\nCc: Matthew Wilcox \u003cmatthew@wil.cx\u003e\nCc: David Teigland \u003cteigland@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@lst.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "be61a86d7237dd80510615f38ae21d6e1e98660c",
      "tree": "3dfe6c8275c724533f88525970a4065ae795f6e3",
      "parents": [
        "6b1ef0e60d42f2fdaec26baee8327eb156347b4f"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Ulrich Drepper",
        "email": "drepper@redhat.com",
        "time": "Wed Jul 23 21:29:40 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Jul 24 10:47:29 2008 -0700"
      },
      "message": "flag parameters: NONBLOCK in pipe\n\nThis patch adds O_NONBLOCK support to pipe2.  It is minimally more involved\nthan the patches for eventfd et.al but still trivial.  The interfaces of the\ncreate_write_pipe and create_read_pipe helper functions were changed and the\none other caller as well.\n\nThe following test must be adjusted for architectures other than x86 and\nx86-64 and in case the syscall numbers changed.\n\n~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n#include \u003cfcntl.h\u003e\n#include \u003cstdio.h\u003e\n#include \u003cunistd.h\u003e\n#include \u003csys/syscall.h\u003e\n\n#ifndef __NR_pipe2\n# ifdef __x86_64__\n#  define __NR_pipe2 293\n# elif defined __i386__\n#  define __NR_pipe2 331\n# else\n#  error \"need __NR_pipe2\"\n# endif\n#endif\n\nint\nmain (void)\n{\n  int fds[2];\n  if (syscall (__NR_pipe2, fds, 0) \u003d\u003d -1)\n    {\n      puts (\"pipe2(0) failed\");\n      return 1;\n    }\n  for (int i \u003d 0; i \u003c 2; ++i)\n    {\n      int fl \u003d fcntl (fds[i], F_GETFL);\n      if (fl \u003d\u003d -1)\n        {\n          puts (\"fcntl failed\");\n          return 1;\n        }\n      if (fl \u0026 O_NONBLOCK)\n        {\n          printf (\"pipe2(0) set non-blocking mode for fds[%d]\\n\", i);\n          return 1;\n        }\n      close (fds[i]);\n    }\n\n  if (syscall (__NR_pipe2, fds, O_NONBLOCK) \u003d\u003d -1)\n    {\n      puts (\"pipe2(O_NONBLOCK) failed\");\n      return 1;\n    }\n  for (int i \u003d 0; i \u003c 2; ++i)\n    {\n      int fl \u003d fcntl (fds[i], F_GETFL);\n      if (fl \u003d\u003d -1)\n        {\n          puts (\"fcntl failed\");\n          return 1;\n        }\n      if ((fl \u0026 O_NONBLOCK) \u003d\u003d 0)\n        {\n          printf (\"pipe2(O_NONBLOCK) does not set non-blocking mode for fds[%d]\\n\", i);\n          return 1;\n        }\n      close (fds[i]);\n    }\n\n  puts (\"OK\");\n\n  return 0;\n}\n~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n\nSigned-off-by: Ulrich Drepper \u003cdrepper@redhat.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Davide Libenzi \u003cdavidel@xmailserver.org\u003e\nCc: Michael Kerrisk \u003cmtk.manpages@googlemail.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "ed8cae8ba01348bfd83333f4648dd807b04d7f08",
      "tree": "c71a1c8e771c1c55728bb7c40612fbdcefbc858a",
      "parents": [
        "336dd1f70ff62d7dd8655228caed4c5bfc818c56"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Ulrich Drepper",
        "email": "drepper@redhat.com",
        "time": "Wed Jul 23 21:29:30 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Jul 24 10:47:28 2008 -0700"
      },
      "message": "flag parameters: pipe\n\nThis patch introduces the new syscall pipe2 which is like pipe but it also\ntakes an additional parameter which takes a flag value.  This patch implements\nthe handling of O_CLOEXEC for the flag.  I did not add support for the new\nsyscall for the architectures which have a special sys_pipe implementation.  I\nthink the maintainers of those archs have the chance to go with the unified\nimplementation but that\u0027s up to them.\n\nThe implementation introduces do_pipe_flags.  I did that instead of changing\nall callers of do_pipe because some of the callers are written in assembler.\nI would probably screw up changing the assembly code.  To avoid breaking code\ndo_pipe is now a small wrapper around do_pipe_flags.  Once all callers are\nchanged over to do_pipe_flags the old do_pipe function can be removed.\n\nThe following test must be adjusted for architectures other than x86 and\nx86-64 and in case the syscall numbers changed.\n\n~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n#include \u003cfcntl.h\u003e\n#include \u003cstdio.h\u003e\n#include \u003cunistd.h\u003e\n#include \u003csys/syscall.h\u003e\n\n#ifndef __NR_pipe2\n# ifdef __x86_64__\n#  define __NR_pipe2 293\n# elif defined __i386__\n#  define __NR_pipe2 331\n# else\n#  error \"need __NR_pipe2\"\n# endif\n#endif\n\nint\nmain (void)\n{\n  int fd[2];\n  if (syscall (__NR_pipe2, fd, 0) !\u003d 0)\n    {\n      puts (\"pipe2(0) failed\");\n      return 1;\n    }\n  for (int i \u003d 0; i \u003c 2; ++i)\n    {\n      int coe \u003d fcntl (fd[i], F_GETFD);\n      if (coe \u003d\u003d -1)\n        {\n          puts (\"fcntl failed\");\n          return 1;\n        }\n      if (coe \u0026 FD_CLOEXEC)\n        {\n          printf (\"pipe2(0) set close-on-exit for fd[%d]\\n\", i);\n          return 1;\n        }\n    }\n  close (fd[0]);\n  close (fd[1]);\n\n  if (syscall (__NR_pipe2, fd, O_CLOEXEC) !\u003d 0)\n    {\n      puts (\"pipe2(O_CLOEXEC) failed\");\n      return 1;\n    }\n  for (int i \u003d 0; i \u003c 2; ++i)\n    {\n      int coe \u003d fcntl (fd[i], F_GETFD);\n      if (coe \u003d\u003d -1)\n        {\n          puts (\"fcntl failed\");\n          return 1;\n        }\n      if ((coe \u0026 FD_CLOEXEC) \u003d\u003d 0)\n        {\n          printf (\"pipe2(O_CLOEXEC) does not set close-on-exit for fd[%d]\\n\", i);\n          return 1;\n        }\n    }\n  close (fd[0]);\n  close (fd[1]);\n\n  puts (\"OK\");\n\n  return 0;\n}\n~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n\nSigned-off-by: Ulrich Drepper \u003cdrepper@redhat.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Davide Libenzi \u003cdavidel@xmailserver.org\u003e\nCc: Michael Kerrisk \u003cmtk.manpages@googlemail.com\u003e\nCc: \u003clinux-arch@vger.kernel.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "da3bbdd4632c0171406b2677e31494afa5bde2f8",
      "tree": "6a1947b2a32041ef0d14044e659ba7d546d55483",
      "parents": [
        "3c82d0ce2c4f642b2f24ef98707a030543b06b90"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Kentaro Makita",
        "email": "k-makita@np.css.fujitsu.com",
        "time": "Wed Jul 23 21:27:13 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Jul 24 10:47:15 2008 -0700"
      },
      "message": "fix soft lock up at NFS mount via per-SB LRU-list of unused dentries\n\n[Summary]\n\n Split LRU-list of unused dentries to one per superblock to avoid soft\n lock up during NFS mounts and remounting of any filesystem.\n\n Previously I posted here:\n http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/3/5/590\n\n[Descriptions]\n\n- background\n\n  dentry_unused is a list of dentries which are not referenced.\n  dentry_unused grows up when references on directories or files are\n  released.  This list can be very long if there is huge free memory.\n\n- the problem\n\n  When shrink_dcache_sb() is called, it scans all dentry_unused linearly\n  under spin_lock(), and if dentry-\u003ed_sb is differnt from given\n  superblock, scan next dentry.  This scan costs very much if there are\n  many entries, and very ineffective if there are many superblocks.\n\n  IOW, When we need to shrink unused dentries on one dentry, but scans\n  unused dentries on all superblocks in the system.  For example, we scan\n  500 dentries to unmount a filesystem, but scans 1,000,000 or more unused\n  dentries on other superblocks.\n\n  In our case , At mounting NFS*, shrink_dcache_sb() is called to shrink\n  unused dentries on NFS, but scans 100,000,000 unused dentries on\n  superblocks in the system such as local ext3 filesystems.  I hear NFS\n  mounting took 1 min on some system in use.\n\n* : NFS uses virtual filesystem in rpc layer, so NFS is affected by\n  this problem.\n\n  100,000,000 is possible number on large systems.\n\n  Per-superblock LRU of unused dentried can reduce the cost in\n  reasonable manner.\n\n- How to fix\n\n  I found this problem is solved by David Chinner\u0027s \"Per-superblock\n  unused dentry LRU lists V3\"(1), so I rebase it and add some fix to\n  reclaim with fairness, which is in Andrew Morton\u0027s comments(2).\n\n  1) http://lkml.org/lkml/2006/5/25/318\n  2) http://lkml.org/lkml/2006/5/25/320\n\n  Split LRU-list of unused dentries to each superblocks.  Then, NFS\n  mounting will check dentries under a superblock instead of all.  But\n  this spliting will break LRU of dentry-unused.  So, I\u0027ve attempted to\n  make reclaim unused dentrins with fairness by calculate number of\n  dentries to scan on this sb based on following way\n\n  number of dentries to scan on this sb \u003d\n  count * (number of dentries on this sb / number of dentries in the machine)\n\n- ToDo\n - I have to measuring performance number and do stress tests.\n\n - When unmount occurs during prune_dcache(), scanning on same\n  superblock, It is unable to reach next superblock because it is gone\n  away.  We restart scannig superblock from first one, it causes\n  unfairness of reclaim unused dentries on first superblock.  But I think\n  this happens very rarely.\n\n- Test Results\n\n  Result on 6GB boxes with excessive unused dentries.\n\nWithout patch:\n\n$ cat /proc/sys/fs/dentry-state\n10181835        10180203        45      0       0       0\n# mount -t nfs 10.124.60.70:/work/kernel-src nfs\nreal    0m1.830s\nuser    0m0.001s\nsys     0m1.653s\n\n With this patch:\n$ cat /proc/sys/fs/dentry-state\n10236610        10234751        45      0       0       0\n# mount -t nfs 10.124.60.70:/work/kernel-src nfs\nreal    0m0.106s\nuser    0m0.002s\nsys     0m0.032s\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix comments]\nSigned-off-by: Kentaro Makita \u003ck-makita@np.css.fujitsu.com\u003e\nCc: Neil Brown \u003cneilb@suse.de\u003e\nCc: Trond Myklebust \u003ctrond.myklebust@fys.uio.no\u003e\nCc: David Chinner \u003cdgc@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: \"J. Bruce Fields\" \u003cbfields@fieldses.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "e108526e77aa41c89b3be96f75d97615db2b751c",
      "tree": "11f3041d170d32ea49894527aa119016d76716b5",
      "parents": [
        "338b9bb3adac0d2c5a1e180491d9b001d624c402"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Akinobu Mita",
        "email": "akinobu.mita@gmail.com",
        "time": "Wed Jul 23 21:26:44 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Thu Jul 24 10:47:13 2008 -0700"
      },
      "message": "move memory_read_from_buffer() from fs.h to string.h\n\nJames Bottomley warns that inclusion of linux/fs.h in a low level\ndriver was always a danger signal.  This patch moves\nmemory_read_from_buffer() from fs.h to string.h and fixes includes in\nexisting memory_read_from_buffer() users.\n\nSigned-off-by: Akinobu Mita \u003cakinobu.mita@gmail.com\u003e\nCc: James Bottomley \u003cJames.Bottomley@hansenpartnership.com\u003e\nCc: Geert Uytterhoeven \u003cgeert@linux-m68k.org\u003e\nCc: Zhang Rui \u003crui.zhang@intel.com\u003e\nCc: Bob Moore \u003crobert.moore@intel.com\u003e\nCc: Thomas Renninger \u003ctrenn@suse.de\u003e\nCc: Len Brown \u003clenb@kernel.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "14b395e35d1afdd8019d11b92e28041fad591b71",
      "tree": "cff7ba9bed7a38300b19a5bacc632979d64fd9c8",
      "parents": [
        "734b397cd14f3340394a8dd3266bec97d01f034b",
        "5108b27651727b5aba0826e8fd7be71b42428701"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Sun Jul 20 21:21:46 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Sun Jul 20 21:21:46 2008 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Merge branch \u0027for-2.6.27\u0027 of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linux\n\n* \u0027for-2.6.27\u0027 of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linux: (51 commits)\n  nfsd: nfs4xdr.c do-while is not a compound statement\n  nfsd: Use C99 initializers in fs/nfsd/nfs4xdr.c\n  lockd: Pass \"struct sockaddr *\" to new failover-by-IP function\n  lockd: get host reference in nlmsvc_create_block() instead of callers\n  lockd: minor svclock.c style fixes\n  lockd: eliminate duplicate nlmsvc_lookup_host call from nlmsvc_lock\n  lockd: eliminate duplicate nlmsvc_lookup_host call from nlmsvc_testlock\n  lockd: nlm_release_host() checks for NULL, caller needn\u0027t\n  file lock: reorder struct file_lock to save space on 64 bit builds\n  nfsd: take file and mnt write in nfs4_upgrade_open\n  nfsd: document open share bit tracking\n  nfsd: tabulate nfs4 xdr encoding functions\n  nfsd: dprint operation names\n  svcrdma: Change WR context get/put to use the kmem cache\n  svcrdma: Create a kmem cache for the WR contexts\n  svcrdma: Add flush_scheduled_work to module exit function\n  svcrdma: Limit ORD based on client\u0027s advertised IRD\n  svcrdma: Remove unused wait q from svcrdma_xprt structure\n  svcrdma: Remove unneeded spin locks from __svc_rdma_free\n  svcrdma: Add dma map count and WARN_ON\n  ...\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "9c1be0c4712fe760d8969427ef91107e9c062d91",
      "tree": "01210aba49c120116bb99ba031ff86a525ffb63d",
      "parents": [
        "42fdd144a40f3afaccaa7ea538268bad3596439e",
        "0d7eff873caaeac84de01a1acdca983d2c7ba3fe"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Wed Jul 16 15:02:57 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Wed Jul 16 15:02:57 2008 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Merge branch \u0027for_linus\u0027 of git://git.infradead.org/~dedekind/ubifs-2.6\n\n* \u0027for_linus\u0027 of git://git.infradead.org/~dedekind/ubifs-2.6:\n  UBIFS: include to compilation\n  UBIFS: add new flash file system\n  UBIFS: add brief documentation\n  MAINTAINERS: add UBIFS section\n  do_mounts: allow UBI root device name\n  VFS: export sync_sb_inodes\n  VFS: move inode_lock into sync_sb_inodes\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "8d2567a620ae8c24968a2bdc1c906c724fac1f6a",
      "tree": "8e228abbadbe760e3f015d30c2e1180a67eeb8f9",
      "parents": [
        "bcf559e385ba099996c90469c817d2eb38aba418",
        "49f1487b2e41bd8439ea39a4f15b4064e823cc54"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Tue Jul 15 08:36:38 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Tue Jul 15 08:36:38 2008 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Merge branch \u0027for_linus\u0027 of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4\n\n* \u0027for_linus\u0027 of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4: (61 commits)\n  ext4: Documention update for new ordered mode and delayed allocation\n  ext4: do not set extents feature from the kernel\n  ext4: Don\u0027t allow nonextenst mount option for large filesystem\n  ext4: Enable delalloc by default.\n  ext4: delayed allocation i_blocks fix for stat\n  ext4: fix delalloc i_disksize early update issue\n  ext4: Handle page without buffers in ext4_*_writepage()\n  ext4: Add ordered mode support for delalloc\n  ext4: Invert lock ordering of page_lock and transaction start in delalloc\n  mm: Add range_cont mode for writeback\n  ext4: delayed allocation ENOSPC handling\n  percpu_counter: new function percpu_counter_sum_and_set\n  ext4: Add delayed allocation support in data\u003dwriteback mode\n  vfs: add hooks for ext4\u0027s delayed allocation support\n  jbd2: Remove data\u003dordered mode support using jbd buffer heads\n  ext4: Use new framework for data\u003dordered mode in JBD2\n  jbd2: Implement data\u003dordered mode handling via inodes\n  vfs: export filemap_fdatawrite_range()\n  ext4: Fix lock inversion in ext4_ext_truncate()\n  ext4: Invert the locking order of page_lock and transaction start\n  ...\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "2fceef397f9880b212a74c418290ce69e7ac00eb",
      "tree": "d9cc09ab992825ef7fede4a688103503e3caf655",
      "parents": [
        "feae1ef116ed381625d3731c5ae4f4ebcb3fa302",
        "bce7f793daec3e65ec5c5705d2457b81fe7b5725"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Jonathan Corbet",
        "email": "corbet@lwn.net",
        "time": "Mon Jul 14 15:29:34 2008 -0600"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Jonathan Corbet",
        "email": "corbet@lwn.net",
        "time": "Mon Jul 14 15:29:34 2008 -0600"
      },
      "message": "Merge commit \u0027v2.6.26\u0027 into bkl-removal\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "4ee6afd34409d296782a5b667d7991b1050e910a",
      "tree": "2a9aa6e7361d923afc60a2a5ee8cb76542152ca8",
      "parents": [
        "ae8547b0a9e5d718ce272ddc48f91703a0f52a0b"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Artem Bityutskiy",
        "email": "Artem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com",
        "time": "Wed May 07 21:01:30 2008 +0300"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Artem Bityutskiy",
        "email": "Artem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com",
        "time": "Mon Jul 14 19:10:52 2008 +0300"
      },
      "message": "VFS: export sync_sb_inodes\n\nThis patch exports the \u0027sync_sb_inodes()\u0027 which is needed for\nUBIFS because it has to force write-back from time to time.\nNamely, the UBIFS budgeting subsystem forces write-back when\nits pessimistic callculations show that there is no free\nspace on the media.\n\nSigned-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy \u003cArtem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "afc1246f917c664b0df98b3c22fa62db74d2ca33",
      "tree": "6845972ea8f939cde7569264a63cd788d68e5e69",
      "parents": [
        "e518f0560a191269bd345178c899c790eb1ad4c8"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Richard Kennedy",
        "email": "richard@rsk.demon.co.uk",
        "time": "Fri Jul 11 17:20:49 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "J. Bruce Fields",
        "email": "bfields@citi.umich.edu",
        "time": "Sun Jul 13 17:22:24 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "file lock: reorder struct file_lock to save space on 64 bit builds\n\nReduce sizeof struct file_lock by 8 on 64 bit builds allowing +1 objects\nper slab in the file_lock_cache\n\nSigned-off-by: Richard Kennedy \u003crichard@rsk.demon.co.uk\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: J. Bruce Fields \u003cbfields@citi.umich.edu\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "f4c0a0fdfae708f7aa438c27a380ed4071294e11",
      "tree": "f729aa07b21c0d40c3c2c254b1a99c5b5879b92a",
      "parents": [
        "9ddfc3dc75b5cc55ff3cfa586e962d252f1db9d3"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Jan Kara",
        "email": "jack@suse.cz",
        "time": "Fri Jul 11 19:27:31 2008 -0400"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Theodore Ts\u0027o",
        "email": "tytso@mit.edu",
        "time": "Fri Jul 11 19:27:31 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "vfs: export filemap_fdatawrite_range()\n\nMake filemap_fdatawrite_range() function public, so that it can later\nbe used in ordered mode rewrite by JBD/JBD2.\n\nSigned-off-by: Jan Kara \u003cjack@suse.cz\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "9465efc9e96135a2cec8154c0c766fa59984a298",
      "tree": "079b94123ab65ff80c4869bcf25192c8596b049c",
      "parents": [
        "9c20616c385ebeaa30257ef5d35e8f346db4ee32"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Andi Kleen",
        "email": "andi@firstfloor.org",
        "time": "Fri Jun 27 11:05:24 2008 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Jonathan Corbet",
        "email": "corbet@lwn.net",
        "time": "Wed Jul 02 15:06:27 2008 -0600"
      },
      "message": "Remove BKL from remote_llseek v2\n\n- Replace remote_llseek with generic_file_llseek_unlocked (to force compilation\nfailures in all users)\n- Change all users to either use generic_file_llseek_unlocked directly or\ntake the BKL around. I changed the file systems who don\u0027t use the BKL\nfor anything (CIFS, GFS) to call it directly. NCPFS and SMBFS and NFS\ntake the BKL, but explicitely in their own source now.\n\nI moved them all over in a single patch to avoid unbisectable sections.\n\nOpen problem: 32bit kernels can corrupt fpos because its modification\nis not atomic, but they can do that anyways because there\u0027s other paths who\nmodify it without BKL.\n\nDo we need a special lock for the pos/f_version \u003d 0 checks?\n\nTrond says the NFS BKL is likely not needed, but keep it for now\nuntil his full audit.\n\nv2: Use generic_file_llseek_unlocked instead of remote_llseek_unlocked\n    and factor duplicated code (suggested by hch)\n\nCc: Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com\nCc: swhiteho@redhat.com\nCc: sfrench@samba.org\nCc: vandrove@vc.cvut.cz\n\nSigned-off-by: Andi Kleen \u003cak@suse.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andi Kleen \u003cak@linux.intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet \u003ccorbet@lwn.net\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "18ce3751ccd488c78d3827e9f6bf54e6322676fb",
      "tree": "4bb83c2b963e8ebe918b79f61d1a440fb1d28f8d",
      "parents": [
        "d585d0b9d73ed999cc7b8cf3cac4a5b01abb544e"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "jens.axboe@oracle.com",
        "time": "Tue Jul 01 09:07:34 2008 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "jens.axboe@oracle.com",
        "time": "Tue Jul 01 09:07:34 2008 +0200"
      },
      "message": "Properly notify block layer of sync writes\n\nfsync_buffers_list() and sync_dirty_buffer() both issue async writes and\nthen immediately wait on them. Conceptually, that makes them sync writes\nand we should treat them as such so that the IO schedulers can handle\nthem appropriately.\n\nThis patch fixes a write starvation issue that Lin Ming reported, where\nxx is stuck for more than 2 minutes because of a large number of\nsynchronous IO in the system:\n\nINFO: task kjournald:20558 blocked for more than 120 seconds.\n\"echo 0 \u003e /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs\" disables this\nmessage.\nkjournald     D ffff810010820978  6712 20558      2\nffff81022ddb1d10 0000000000000046 ffff81022e7baa10 ffffffff803ba6f2\nffff81022ecd0000 ffff8101e6dc9160 ffff81022ecd0348 000000008048b6cb\n0000000000000086 ffff81022c4e8d30 0000000000000000 ffffffff80247537\nCall Trace:\n[\u003cffffffff803ba6f2\u003e] kobject_get+0x12/0x17\n[\u003cffffffff80247537\u003e] getnstimeofday+0x2f/0x83\n[\u003cffffffff8029c1ac\u003e] sync_buffer+0x0/0x3f\n[\u003cffffffff8066d195\u003e] io_schedule+0x5d/0x9f\n[\u003cffffffff8029c1e7\u003e] sync_buffer+0x3b/0x3f\n[\u003cffffffff8066d3f0\u003e] __wait_on_bit+0x40/0x6f\n[\u003cffffffff8029c1ac\u003e] sync_buffer+0x0/0x3f\n[\u003cffffffff8066d48b\u003e] out_of_line_wait_on_bit+0x6c/0x78\n[\u003cffffffff80243909\u003e] wake_bit_function+0x0/0x23\n[\u003cffffffff8029e3ad\u003e] sync_dirty_buffer+0x98/0xcb\n[\u003cffffffff8030056b\u003e] journal_commit_transaction+0x97d/0xcb6\n[\u003cffffffff8023a676\u003e] lock_timer_base+0x26/0x4b\n[\u003cffffffff8030300a\u003e] kjournald+0xc1/0x1fb\n[\u003cffffffff802438db\u003e] autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0x2e\n[\u003cffffffff80302f49\u003e] kjournald+0x0/0x1fb\n[\u003cffffffff802437bb\u003e] kthread+0x47/0x74\n[\u003cffffffff8022de51\u003e] schedule_tail+0x28/0x5d\n[\u003cffffffff8020cac8\u003e] child_rip+0xa/0x12\n[\u003cffffffff80243774\u003e] kthread+0x0/0x74\n[\u003cffffffff8020cabe\u003e] child_rip+0x0/0x12\n\nLin Ming confirms that this patch fixes the issue. I\u0027ve run tests with\nit for the past week and no ill effects have been observed, so I\u0027m\nproposing it for inclusion into 2.6.26.\n\nSigned-off-by: Jens Axboe \u003cjens.axboe@oracle.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "f9f48ec72bfc9489a30bc6ddbfcf27d86a8bc651",
      "tree": "b04720f8c5eaf69a94d134793ff83b78324142fa",
      "parents": [
        "694a1764d657e0f7a9b139bc7269c8d5f5a2534b"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Denis V. Lunev",
        "email": "den@openvz.org",
        "time": "Mon Jun 09 16:40:38 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Mon Jun 23 11:52:30 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[patch 4/4] flock: remove unused fields from file_lock_operations\n\nfl_insert and fl_remove are not used right now in the kernel. Remove them.\n\nSigned-off-by: Denis V. Lunev \u003cden@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: Matthew Wilcox \u003cmatthew@wil.cx\u003e\nCc: Alexander Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\nCc: \"J. Bruce Fields\" \u003cbfields@fieldses.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "93b071139a956e51c98cdefd50a47981a4eb852e",
      "tree": "877e8b03abbd5ae6e1d89836d9f97e33156c1082",
      "parents": [
        "3527fb326f07bc8e85cf66d4f987ebeea24e8e4a"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Akinobu Mita",
        "email": "akinobu.mita@gmail.com",
        "time": "Thu Jun 05 22:46:21 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Fri Jun 06 11:29:11 2008 -0700"
      },
      "message": "introduce memory_read_from_buffer()\n\nThis patch introduces memory_read_from_buffer().\n\nThe only difference between memory_read_from_buffer() and\nsimple_read_from_buffer() is which address space the function copies to.\n\nsimple_read_from_buffer copies to user space memory.\nmemory_read_from_buffer copies to normal memory.\n\nSigned-off-by: Akinobu Mita \u003cakinobu.mita@gmail.com\u003e\nCc: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\nCc: Doug Warzecha \u003cDouglas_Warzecha@dell.com\u003e\nCc: Zhang Rui \u003crui.zhang@intel.com\u003e\nCc: Matt Domsch \u003cMatt_Domsch@dell.com\u003e\nCc: Abhay Salunke \u003cAbhay_Salunke@dell.com\u003e\nCc: Greg Kroah-Hartman \u003cgregkh@suse.de\u003e\nCc: Markus Rechberger \u003cmarkus.rechberger@amd.com\u003e\nCc: Kay Sievers \u003ckay.sievers@vrfy.org\u003e\nCc: Bob Moore \u003crobert.moore@intel.com\u003e\nCc: Thomas Renninger \u003ctrenn@suse.de\u003e\nCc: Len Brown \u003clenb@kernel.org\u003e\nCc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt \u003cbenh@kernel.crashing.org\u003e\nCc: \"Antonino A. Daplas\" \u003cadaplas@pol.net\u003e\nCc: Krzysztof Helt \u003ckrzysztof.h1@poczta.fm\u003e\nCc: Geert Uytterhoeven \u003cgeert@linux-m68k.org\u003e\nCc: Martin Schwidefsky \u003cschwidefsky@de.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Heiko Carstens \u003cheiko.carstens@de.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Peter Oberparleiter \u003cpeter.oberparleiter@de.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Michael Holzheu \u003cholzheu@de.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Brian King \u003cbrking@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: James E.J. Bottomley \u003cJames.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com\u003e\nCc: Andrew Vasquez \u003clinux-driver@qlogic.com\u003e\nCc: Seokmann Ju \u003cseokmann.ju@qlogic.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "7f3d4ee108c184ab215036051087aaaaa8de7661",
      "tree": "373f4f928f0687ca84478964b43c26e3ec9cec70",
      "parents": [
        "07416d29bcf608257f1e5280642dcbe0021518a3"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Miklos Szeredi",
        "email": "mszeredi@suse.cz",
        "time": "Wed May 07 09:22:39 2008 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "jens.axboe@oracle.com",
        "time": "Wed May 07 09:29:00 2008 +0200"
      },
      "message": "vfs: splice remove_suid() cleanup\n\ngeneric_file_splice_write() duplicates remove_suid() just because it\ndoesn\u0027t hold i_mutex.  But it grabs i_mutex inside splice_from_pipe()\nanyway, so this is rather pointless.\n\nMove locking to generic_file_splice_write() and call remove_suid() and\n__splice_from_pipe() instead.\n\nSigned-off-by: Miklos Szeredi \u003cmszeredi@suse.cz\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Jens Axboe \u003cjens.axboe@oracle.com\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "33dcdac2df54e66c447ae03f58c95c7251aa5649",
      "tree": "72163e37bd44452581f68d7991b14e70f37b8bba",
      "parents": [
        "dca3c33652e437ed02c30ed3eca3cecd0cc00838"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Christoph Hellwig",
        "email": "hch@lst.de",
        "time": "Tue Apr 29 17:46:26 2008 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Tue May 06 13:45:34 2008 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] kill -\u003eput_inode\n\nAnd with that last patch to affs killing the last put_inode instance we\ncan finally, after many years of transition kill this racy and awkward\ninterface.\n\n(It\u0027s kinda funny that even the description in\nDocumentation/filesystems/vfs.txt was entirely wrong..)\n\nAlso remove a very misleading comment above the defintion of\nstruct super_operations.\n\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@lst.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "67cde595374dd0e4e4a537dbf9dff70fd3d7bd7b",
      "tree": "5c6e9b52d4ecc912fdb8482c94ed533556023723",
      "parents": [
        "6b09ae66922ca198e5830c0a4d74400a507a9170"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Adrian Bunk",
        "email": "bunk@kernel.org",
        "time": "Tue Apr 29 00:58:55 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Tue Apr 29 08:06:00 2008 -0700"
      },
      "message": "make vfs_ioctl() static\n\nMake the needlessly global vfs_ioctl() static.\n\nSigned-off-by: Adrian Bunk \u003cbunk@kernel.org\u003e\nAcked-by: Christoph Hellwig \u003chch@infradead.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "6b09ae66922ca198e5830c0a4d74400a507a9170",
      "tree": "f434f8927f972e98637cc1cfdbc226d6f3c742de",
      "parents": [
        "8b1919a1e8b8968e0ac9030a4f14f0d2cd69e7cf"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Adrian Bunk",
        "email": "bunk@kernel.org",
        "time": "Tue Apr 29 00:58:54 2008 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Tue Apr 29 08:06:00 2008 -0700"
      },
      "message": "make __put_super() static\n\nMake the needlessly global __put_super() static.\n\nSigned-off-by: Adrian Bunk \u003cbunk@kernel.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    }
  ],
  "next": "70688e4dd1647f0ceb502bbd5964fa344c5eb411"
}
