)]}'
{
  "log": [
    {
      "commit": "69f7c0a1be84b10a81b6edcce2dbee0cdec26eba",
      "tree": "a6d4988fda72595ea71ba7e2b4ac11f91fde0159",
      "parents": [
        "759b9775c25f5e69aaea8a75c3914019e2dc5539"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Con Kolivas",
        "email": "kernel@kolivas.org",
        "time": "Mon Mar 05 00:30:29 2007 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Mon Mar 05 07:57:51 2007 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sched: remove SMT nice\n\nRemove the SMT-nice feature which idles sibling cpus on SMT cpus to\nfacilitiate nice working properly where cpu power is shared.  The idling of\ncpus in the presence of runnable tasks is considered too fragile, easy to\nbreak with outside code, and the complexity of managing this system if an\narchitecture comes along with many logical cores sharing cpu power will be\nunworkable.\n\nRemove the associated per_cpu_gain variable in sched_domains used only by\nthis code.\n\nAlso:\n\n  The reason is that with dynticks enabled, this code breaks without yet\n  further tweaks so dynticks brought on the rapid demise of this code.  So\n  either we tweak this code or kill it off entirely.  It was Ingo\u0027s preference\n  to kill it off.  Either way this needs to happen for 2.6.21 since dynticks\n  has gone in.\n\nSigned-off-by: Con Kolivas \u003ckernel@kolivas.org\u003e\nAcked-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnickpiggin@yahoo.com.au\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "b0138a6cb7923a997d278b47c176778534d1095b",
      "tree": "4fcb8822a69631baba568e4e1942847747123887",
      "parents": [
        "6572d6d7d0f965dda19d02af804ed3ae4b3bf1fc",
        "1055a8af093fea7490445bd15cd671020e542035"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Mon Feb 26 12:48:06 2007 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Mon Feb 26 12:48:06 2007 -0800"
      },
      "message": "Merge master.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kyle/parisc-2.6\n\n* master.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kyle/parisc-2.6: (78 commits)\n  [PARISC] Use symbolic last syscall in __NR_Linux_syscalls\n  [PARISC] Add missing statfs64 and fstatfs64 syscalls\n  Revert \"[PARISC] Optimize TLB flush on SMP systems\"\n  [PARISC] Compat signal fixes for 64-bit parisc\n  [PARISC] Reorder syscalls to match unistd.h\n  Revert \"[PATCH] make kernel/signal.c:kill_proc_info() static\"\n  [PARISC] fix sys_rt_sigqueueinfo\n  [PARISC] fix section mismatch warnings in harmony sound driver\n  [PARISC] do not export get_register/set_register\n  [PARISC] add ENTRY()/ENDPROC() and simplify assembly of HP/UX emulation code\n  [PARISC] convert to use CONFIG_64BIT instead of __LP64__\n  [PARISC] use CONFIG_64BIT instead of __LP64__\n  [PARISC] add ASM_EXCEPTIONTABLE_ENTRY() macro\n  [PARISC] more ENTRY(), ENDPROC(), END() conversions\n  [PARISC] fix ENTRY() and ENDPROC() for 64bit-parisc\n  [PARISC] Fixes /proc/cpuinfo cache output on B160L\n  [PARISC] implement standard ENTRY(), END() and ENDPROC()\n  [PARISC] kill ENTRY_SYS_CPUS\n  [PARISC] clean up debugging printks in smp.c\n  [PARISC] factor syscall_restart code out of do_signal\n  ...\n\nFix conflict in include/linux/sched.h due to kill_proc_info() being made\npublicly available to PARISC again.\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "c3de4b38153a201cfc8561abb093a1b482fd3abb",
      "tree": "30226ed724dac5502a930a0004274cdc1a506128",
      "parents": [
        "d104f11c3989b0bbe1216f6ad663d0ed91fb7bd8"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Matthew Wilcox",
        "email": "matthew@wil.cx",
        "time": "Fri Feb 09 08:11:47 2007 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Kyle McMartin",
        "email": "kyle@athena.road.mcmartin.ca",
        "time": "Sat Feb 17 01:20:07 2007 -0500"
      },
      "message": "Revert \"[PATCH] make kernel/signal.c:kill_proc_info() static\"\n\nThis reverts commit d3228a887cae75ef2b8b1211c31c539bef5a5698.\nDeBunk this code.  We need it for compat_sys_rt_sigqueueinfo.\n\nSigned-off-by: Kyle McMartin \u003ckyle@parisc-linux.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "27b0b2f44adffe0193a695bb528a83b550b8e54b",
      "tree": "fd7578afab2e9fa72e3f157f94c9dd73a8265678",
      "parents": [
        "9f57a54b6cf3f626334d97e93b5b917ad11e1efc"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Eric W. Biederman",
        "email": "ebiederm@xmission.com",
        "time": "Mon Feb 12 00:53:02 2007 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Mon Feb 12 09:48:32 2007 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] pid: remove the now unused kill_pg kill_pg_info and __kill_pg_info\n\nNow that I have changed all of the in-tree users remove the old version of\nthese functions.  This should make it clear to any out of tree users that they\nshould be using kill_pgrp kill_pgrp_info or __kill_pgrp_info instead.\n\nSigned-off-by: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Alan Cox \u003calan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk\u003e\nCc: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "ab521dc0f8e117fd808d3e425216864d60390500",
      "tree": "f9d6449c4d8c9508fd43edfe845108043e1536b2",
      "parents": [
        "3e7cd6c413c9e6fbb5e1ee2acdadb4ababd2d474"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Eric W. Biederman",
        "email": "ebiederm@xmission.com",
        "time": "Mon Feb 12 00:53:00 2007 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Mon Feb 12 09:48:32 2007 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] tty: update the tty layer to work with struct pid\n\nOf kernel subsystems that work with pids the tty layer is probably the largest\nconsumer.  But it has the nice virtue that the assiation with a session only\nlasts until the session leader exits.  Which means that no reference counting\nis required.  So using struct pid winds up being a simple optimization to\navoid hash table lookups.\n\nIn the long term the use of pid_nr also ensures that when we have multiple pid\nspaces mixed everything will work correctly.\n\nSigned-off-by: Eric W. Biederman \u003ceric@maxwell.lnxi.com\u003e\nCc: Alan Cox \u003calan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk\u003e\nCc: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "4b98d11b40f03382918796f3c5c936d5495d20a4",
      "tree": "616b7260196c9bd0eaf208ef8fab91fcf9efcece",
      "parents": [
        "18f705f49a5b19206233f7cef8f869ce7291f8c8"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Alexey Dobriyan",
        "email": "adobriyan@gmail.com",
        "time": "Sat Feb 10 01:46:45 2007 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org",
        "time": "Sun Feb 11 11:18:07 2007 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] ifdef -\u003erchar, -\u003ewchar, -\u003esyscr, -\u003esyscw from task_struct\n\nThey are fat: 4x8 bytes in task_struct.\nThey are uncoditionally updated in every fork, read, write and sendfile.\nThey are used only if you have some \"extended acct fields feature\".\n\nAnd please, please, please, read(2) knows about bytes, not characters,\nwhy it is called \"rchar\"?\n\nSigned-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan \u003cadobriyan@gmail.com\u003e\nCc: Jay Lan \u003cjlan@engr.sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@in.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@linux-foundation.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@linux-foundation.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "8a102eed9c4e1d21bad07a8fd97bd4fbf125d966",
      "tree": "9ec99f046b94971db46b08a87d7eab3e84c4acd4",
      "parents": [
        "3df494a32b936aef76d893f5065f962ebd9b9437"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Rafael J. Wysocki",
        "email": "rjw@sisk.pl",
        "time": "Wed Dec 13 00:34:30 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Wed Dec 13 09:05:49 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] PM: Fix SMP races in the freezer\n\nCurrently, to tell a task that it should go to the refrigerator, we set the\nPF_FREEZE flag for it and send a fake signal to it.  Unfortunately there\nare two SMP-related problems with this approach.  First, a task running on\nanother CPU may be updating its flags while the freezer attempts to set\nPF_FREEZE for it and this may leave the task\u0027s flags in an inconsistent\nstate.  Second, there is a potential race between freeze_process() and\nrefrigerator() in which freeze_process() running on one CPU is reading a\ntask\u0027s PF_FREEZE flag while refrigerator() running on another CPU has just\nset PF_FROZEN for the same task and attempts to reset PF_FREEZE for it.  If\nthe refrigerator wins the race, freeze_process() will state that PF_FREEZE\nhasn\u0027t been set for the task and will set it unnecessarily, so the task\nwill go to the refrigerator once again after it\u0027s been thawed.\n\nTo solve first of these problems we need to stop using PF_FREEZE to tell\ntasks that they should go to the refrigerator.  Instead, we can introduce a\nspecial TIF_*** flag and use it for this purpose, since it is allowed to\nchange the other tasks\u0027 TIF_*** flags and there are special calls for it.\n\nTo avoid the freeze_process()-refrigerator() race we can make\nfreeze_process() to always check the task\u0027s PF_FROZEN flag after it\u0027s read\nits \"freeze\" flag.  We should also make sure that refrigerator() will\nalways reset the task\u0027s \"freeze\" flag after it\u0027s set PF_FROZEN for it.\n\nSigned-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki \u003crjw@sisk.pl\u003e\nAcked-by: Pavel Machek \u003cpavel@ucw.cz\u003e\nCc: Russell King \u003crmk@arm.linux.org.uk\u003e\nCc: David Howells \u003cdhowells@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Andi Kleen \u003cak@muc.de\u003e\nCc: \"Luck, Tony\" \u003ctony.luck@intel.com\u003e\nCc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt \u003cbenh@kernel.crashing.org\u003e\nCc: Paul Mackerras \u003cpaulus@samba.org\u003e\nCc: Paul Mundt \u003clethal@linux-sh.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "06066714f6016cffcb249f6ab21b7919de1bc859",
      "tree": "ef6848c94a8cf0af47bdf8534aa49b507dfc5952",
      "parents": [
        "783609c6cb4eaa23f2ac5c968a44483584ec133f"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Chen, Kenneth W",
        "email": "kenneth.w.chen@intel.com",
        "time": "Sun Dec 10 02:20:35 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sun Dec 10 09:55:43 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sched: remove lb_stopbalance counter\n\nRemove scheduler stats lb_stopbalance counter.  This counter can be\ncalculated by: lb_balanced - lb_nobusyg - lb_nobusyq.  There is no need to\ncreate gazillion counters while we can derive the value.\n\nSigned-off-by: Ken Chen \u003ckenneth.w.chen@intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Suresh Siddha \u003csuresh.b.siddha@intel.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "783609c6cb4eaa23f2ac5c968a44483584ec133f",
      "tree": "678704bab2c69f5115ad84452e931adf4c11f3f4",
      "parents": [
        "b18ec80396834497933d77b81ec0918519f4e2a7"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Siddha, Suresh B",
        "email": "suresh.b.siddha@intel.com",
        "time": "Sun Dec 10 02:20:33 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sun Dec 10 09:55:43 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sched: decrease number of load balances\n\nCurrently at a particular domain, each cpu in the sched group will do a\nload balance at the frequency of balance_interval.  More the cores and\nthreads, more the cpus will be in each sched group at SMP and NUMA domain.\nAnd we endup spending quite a bit of time doing load balancing in those\ndomains.\n\nFix this by making only one cpu(first idle cpu or first cpu in the group if\nall the cpus are busy) in the sched group do the load balance at that\nparticular sched domain and this load will slowly percolate down to the\nother cpus with in that group(when they do load balancing at lower\ndomains).\n\nSigned-off-by: Suresh Siddha \u003csuresh.b.siddha@intel.com\u003e\nCc: Christoph Lameter \u003cclameter@engr.sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "08c183f31bdbb709f177f6d3110d5f288ea33933",
      "tree": "be7b84c07f3b0bf29473bad2b7b788fa189f948e",
      "parents": [
        "1bd77f2da58e9cdd1f159217887343dadd9af417"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Christoph Lameter",
        "email": "clameter@sgi.com",
        "time": "Sun Dec 10 02:20:29 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sun Dec 10 09:55:43 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sched: add option to serialize load balancing\n\nLarge sched domains can be very expensive to scan.  Add an option SD_SERIALIZE\nto the sched domain flags.  If that flag is set then we make sure that no\nother such domain is being balanced.\n\n[akpm@osdl.org: build fix]\nSigned-off-by: Christoph Lameter \u003cclameter@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Peter Williams \u003cpwil3058@bigpond.net.au\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnickpiggin@yahoo.com.au\u003e\nCc: Christoph Lameter \u003cclameter@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: \"Siddha, Suresh B\" \u003csuresh.b.siddha@intel.com\u003e\nCc: \"Chen, Kenneth W\" \u003ckenneth.w.chen@intel.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nCc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki \u003ckamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "7c3ab7381e79dfc7db14a67c6f4f3285664e1ec2",
      "tree": "de5d63d17e400eb06b26c88adfd2ef2cf290898e",
      "parents": [
        "47694bb86af3648d4ec34c7afd46653cefc9b359"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Andrew Morton",
        "email": "akpm@osdl.org",
        "time": "Sun Dec 10 02:19:19 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sun Dec 10 09:55:41 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] io-accounting: core statistics\n\nThe present per-task IO accounting isn\u0027t very useful.  It simply counts the\nnumber of bytes passed into read() and write().  So if a process reads 1MB\nfrom an already-cached file, it is accused of having performed 1MB of I/O,\nwhich is wrong.\n\n(David Wright had some comments on the applicability of the present logical IO accounting:\n\n  For billing purposes it is useless but for workload analysis it is very\n  useful\n\n  read_bytes/read_calls  average read request size\n  write_bytes/write_calls average write request size\n\n  read_bytes/read_blocks ie logical/physical can indicate hit rate or thrashing\n  write_bytes/write_blocks  ie logical/physical  guess since pdflush writes can\n                                                be missed\n\n  I often look for logical larger than physical to see filesystem cache\n  problems.  And the bytes/cpusec can help find applications that are\n  dominating the cache and causing slow interactive response from page cache\n  contention.\n\n  I want to find the IO intensive applications and make sure they are doing\n  efficient IO.  Thus the acctcms(sysV) or csacms command would give the high\n  IO commands).\n\nThis patchset adds new accounting which tries to be more accurate.  We account\nfor three things:\n\nreads:\n\n  attempt to count the number of bytes which this process really did cause\n  to be fetched from the storage layer.  Done at the submit_bio() level, so it\n  is accurate for block-backed filesystems.  I also attempt to wire up NFS and\n  CIFS.\n\nwrites:\n\n  attempt to count the number of bytes which this process caused to be sent\n  to the storage layer.  This is done at page-dirtying time.\n\n  The big inaccuracy here is truncate.  If a process writes 1MB to a file\n  and then deletes the file, it will in fact perform no writeout.  But it will\n  have been accounted as having caused 1MB of write.\n\n  So...\n\ncancelled_writes:\n\n  account the number of bytes which this process caused to not happen, by\n  truncating pagecache.\n\n  We _could_ just subtract this from the process\u0027s `write\u0027 accounting.  But\n  that means that some processes would be reported to have done negative\n  amounts of write IO, which is silly.\n\n  So we just report the raw number and punt this decision up to userspace.\n\nNow, we _could_ account for writes at the physical I/O level.  But\n\n- This would require that we track memory-dirtying tasks at the per-page\n  level (would require a new pointer in struct page).\n\n- It would mean that IO statistics for a process are usually only available\n  long after that process has exitted.  Which means that we probably cannot\n  communicate this info via taskstats.\n\nThis patch:\n\nWire up the kernel-private data structures and the accessor functions to\nmanipulate them.\n\nCc: Jay Lan \u003cjlan@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Shailabh Nagar \u003cnagar@watson.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Chris Sturtivant \u003ccsturtiv@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Tony Ernst \u003ctee@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Guillaume Thouvenin \u003cguillaume.thouvenin@bull.net\u003e\nCc: David Wright \u003cdaw@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "f4f154fd920b2178382a6a24a236348e4429ebc1",
      "tree": "0bba747eb50b5d7e18d2b828f8c707b2781d7544",
      "parents": [
        "c17bb4951752d3e0f49cd1ea9d2e868422f9e0d6"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Akinobu Mita",
        "email": "akinobu.mita@gmail.com",
        "time": "Fri Dec 08 02:39:47 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Dec 08 08:29:02 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] fault injection: process filtering for fault-injection capabilities\n\nThis patch provides process filtering feature.\nThe process filter allows failing only permitted processes\nby /proc/\u003cpid\u003e/make-it-fail\n\nPlease see the example that demostrates how to inject slab allocation\nfailures into module init/cleanup code\nin Documentation/fault-injection/fault-injection.txt\n\nSigned-off-by: Akinobu Mita \u003cakinobu.mita@gmail.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "84d737866e2babdeab0c6b18ea155c6a649663b8",
      "tree": "e504da826174c2804d8c680828800aa680090686",
      "parents": [
        "6cc1b22a4acef3816eaa5f8c227d93d749b23195"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Sukadev Bhattiprolu",
        "email": "sukadev@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Fri Dec 08 02:38:01 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Dec 08 08:28:52 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] add child reaper to pid_namespace\n\nAdd a per pid_namespace child-reaper.  This is needed so processes are reaped\nwithin the same pid space and do not spill over to the parent pid space.  Its\nalso needed so containers preserve existing semantic that pid \u003d\u003d 1 would reap\norphaned children.\n\nThis is based on Eric Biederman\u0027s patch: http://lkml.org/lkml/2006/2/6/285\n\nSigned-off-by: Sukadev Bhattiprolu \u003csukadev@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Kirill Korotaev \u003cdev@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Herbert Poetzl \u003cherbert@13thfloor.at\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "1ec320afdc9552c92191d5f89fcd1ebe588334ca",
      "tree": "e526fb29f9487f1ea34aa9ccdf14c318aea2159f",
      "parents": [
        "937949d9edbf4049bd41af6c9f92c26280584564"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Cedric Le Goater",
        "email": "clg@fr.ibm.com",
        "time": "Fri Dec 08 02:37:55 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Dec 08 08:28:51 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] add process_session() helper routine: deprecate old field\n\nAdd an anonymous union and ((deprecated)) to catch direct usage of the\nsession field.\n\n[akpm@osdl.org: fix various missed conversions]\n[jdike@addtoit.com: fix UML bug]\nSigned-off-by: Jeff Dike \u003cjdike@addtoit.com\u003e\nCc: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "937949d9edbf4049bd41af6c9f92c26280584564",
      "tree": "d0a28f503b082f890cfa1f7fe952fda8fc771752",
      "parents": [
        "ef55d53caa055aedee13e77da82740987dd64f2d"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Cedric Le Goater",
        "email": "clg@fr.ibm.com",
        "time": "Fri Dec 08 02:37:54 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Dec 08 08:28:51 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] add process_session() helper routine\n\nReplace occurences of task-\u003esignal-\u003esession by a new process_session() helper\nroutine.\n\nIt will be useful for pid namespaces to abstract the session pid number.\n\nSigned-off-by: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Kirill Korotaev \u003cdev@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Herbert Poetzl \u003cherbert@13thfloor.at\u003e\nCc: Sukadev Bhattiprolu \u003csukadev@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "ae424ae4b5bcd820ad6ee6f0b986c4e14ed4d6cf",
      "tree": "ef8bc16fc2415b50154135e3b23f8e34b9d75c86",
      "parents": [
        "7bcfa95e561f11a17720162935e4f704c5d6fda3"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Oleg Nesterov",
        "email": "oleg@tv-sign.ru",
        "time": "Fri Dec 08 02:36:08 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Dec 08 08:28:38 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] make set_special_pids() static\n\nMake set_special_pids() static, the only caller is daemonize().\n\nSigned-off-by: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "15ad7cdcfd76450d4beebc789ec646664238184d",
      "tree": "279d05a76ae0906c23ee2de8c5684d95d9886ad3",
      "parents": [
        "4a08a9f68168e547c2baf100020e9b96cae5fbd1"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Helge Deller",
        "email": "deller@gmx.de",
        "time": "Wed Dec 06 20:40:36 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Dec 07 08:39:46 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] struct seq_operations and struct file_operations constification\n\n - move some file_operations structs into the .rodata section\n\n - move static strings from policy_types[] array into the .rodata section\n\n - fix generic seq_operations usages, so that those structs may be defined\n   as \"const\" as well\n\n[akpm@osdl.org: couple of fixes]\nSigned-off-by: Helge Deller \u003cdeller@gmx.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "d3228a887cae75ef2b8b1211c31c539bef5a5698",
      "tree": "05e8fcc5fd433a7c7a99b46985a6075c121c1248",
      "parents": [
        "ebe7e5fe4b41deeb2731c5b52d8c8e6ac08b1f74"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Adrian Bunk",
        "email": "bunk@stusta.de",
        "time": "Wed Dec 06 20:38:22 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Dec 07 08:39:39 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] make kernel/signal.c:kill_proc_info() static\n\nSigned-off-by: Adrian Bunk \u003cbunk@stusta.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "e59e2ae2c29700117a54e85c106017c24837119f",
      "tree": "d746e90d2d79fa8458d021d3572bc55ebdc3aca3",
      "parents": [
        "875d95ec9eb69ffb334116fb44d04d9a64dcbfbb"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Wed Dec 06 20:35:59 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Dec 07 08:39:32 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] SysRq-X: show blocked tasks\n\nAdd SysRq-X support: show blocked (TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE) tasks only.\n\nUseful for debugging IO stalls.\n\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "7dfb71030f7636a0d65200158113c37764552f93",
      "tree": "276b812903d377b16d8828e888552fd256f48aab",
      "parents": [
        "8a05aac2631aa0e6494d9dc990f8c68ed8b8fde7"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Nigel Cunningham",
        "email": "ncunningham@linuxmail.org",
        "time": "Wed Dec 06 20:34:23 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Dec 07 08:39:27 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] Add include/linux/freezer.h and move definitions from sched.h\n\nMove process freezing functions from include/linux/sched.h to freezer.h, so\nthat modifications to the freezer or the kernel configuration don\u0027t require\nrecompiling just about everything.\n\n[akpm@osdl.org: fix ueagle driver]\nSigned-off-by: Nigel Cunningham \u003cnigel@suspend2.net\u003e\nCc: \"Rafael J. Wysocki\" \u003crjw@sisk.pl\u003e\nCc: Pavel Machek \u003cpavel@ucw.cz\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "36de6437866bbb1d37e2312ff4f95ee4ed6d2b61",
      "tree": "5e77ff1af2ccaaeaba09d9aa0d9f10732207e865",
      "parents": [
        "33f2ef89f8e181486b63fdbdc97c6afa6ca9f34b"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo",
        "email": "acme@mandriva.com",
        "time": "Wed Dec 06 20:33:42 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Dec 07 08:39:25 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] Save some bytes in struct mm_struct\n\nBefore:\n[acme@newtoy net-2.6.20]$ pahole --cacheline 32 kernel/sched.o mm_struct\n\n/* include2/asm/processor.h:542 */\nstruct mm_struct {\n        struct vm_area_struct *    mmap;                 /*     0     4 */\n        struct rb_root             mm_rb;                /*     4     4 */\n        struct vm_area_struct *    mmap_cache;           /*     8     4 */\n        long unsigned int          (*get_unmapped_area)(); /*    12     4 */\n        void                       (*unmap_area)();      /*    16     4 */\n        long unsigned int          mmap_base;            /*    20     4 */\n        long unsigned int          task_size;            /*    24     4 */\n        long unsigned int          cached_hole_size;     /*    28     4 */\n        /* ---------- cacheline 1 boundary ---------- */\n        long unsigned int          free_area_cache;      /*    32     4 */\n        pgd_t *                    pgd;                  /*    36     4 */\n        atomic_t                   mm_users;             /*    40     4 */\n        atomic_t                   mm_count;             /*    44     4 */\n        int                        map_count;            /*    48     4 */\n        struct rw_semaphore        mmap_sem;             /*    52    64 */\n        spinlock_t                 page_table_lock;      /*   116    40 */\n        struct list_head           mmlist;               /*   156     8 */\n        mm_counter_t               _file_rss;            /*   164     4 */\n        mm_counter_t               _anon_rss;            /*   168     4 */\n        long unsigned int          hiwater_rss;          /*   172     4 */\n        long unsigned int          hiwater_vm;           /*   176     4 */\n        long unsigned int          total_vm;             /*   180     4 */\n        long unsigned int          locked_vm;            /*   184     4 */\n        long unsigned int          shared_vm;            /*   188     4 */\n        /* ---------- cacheline 6 boundary ---------- */\n        long unsigned int          exec_vm;              /*   192     4 */\n        long unsigned int          stack_vm;             /*   196     4 */\n        long unsigned int          reserved_vm;          /*   200     4 */\n        long unsigned int          def_flags;            /*   204     4 */\n        long unsigned int          nr_ptes;              /*   208     4 */\n        long unsigned int          start_code;           /*   212     4 */\n        long unsigned int          end_code;             /*   216     4 */\n        long unsigned int          start_data;           /*   220     4 */\n        /* ---------- cacheline 7 boundary ---------- */\n        long unsigned int          end_data;             /*   224     4 */\n        long unsigned int          start_brk;            /*   228     4 */\n        long unsigned int          brk;                  /*   232     4 */\n        long unsigned int          start_stack;          /*   236     4 */\n        long unsigned int          arg_start;            /*   240     4 */\n        long unsigned int          arg_end;              /*   244     4 */\n        long unsigned int          env_start;            /*   248     4 */\n        long unsigned int          env_end;              /*   252     4 */\n        /* ---------- cacheline 8 boundary ---------- */\n        long unsigned int          saved_auxv[44];       /*   256   176 */\n        unsigned int               dumpable:2;           /*   432     4 */\n        cpumask_t                  cpu_vm_mask;          /*   436     4 */\n        mm_context_t               context;              /*   440    68 */\n        long unsigned int          swap_token_time;      /*   508     4 */\n        /* ---------- cacheline 16 boundary ---------- */\n        char                       recent_pagein;        /*   512     1 */\n\n        /* XXX 3 bytes hole, try to pack */\n\n        int                        core_waiters;         /*   516     4 */\n        struct completion *        core_startup_done;    /*   520     4 */\n        struct completion          core_done;            /*   524    52 */\n        rwlock_t                   ioctx_list_lock;      /*   576    36 */\n        struct kioctx *            ioctx_list;           /*   612     4 */\n}; /* size: 616, sum members: 613, holes: 1, sum holes: 3, cachelines: 20,\n      last cacheline: 8 bytes */\n\nAfter:\n\n[acme@newtoy net-2.6.20]$ pahole --cacheline 32 kernel/sched.o mm_struct\n/* include2/asm/processor.h:542 */\nstruct mm_struct {\n        struct vm_area_struct *    mmap;                 /*     0     4 */\n        struct rb_root             mm_rb;                /*     4     4 */\n        struct vm_area_struct *    mmap_cache;           /*     8     4 */\n        long unsigned int          (*get_unmapped_area)(); /*    12     4 */\n        void                       (*unmap_area)();      /*    16     4 */\n        long unsigned int          mmap_base;            /*    20     4 */\n        long unsigned int          task_size;            /*    24     4 */\n        long unsigned int          cached_hole_size;     /*    28     4 */\n        /* ---------- cacheline 1 boundary ---------- */\n        long unsigned int          free_area_cache;      /*    32     4 */\n        pgd_t *                    pgd;                  /*    36     4 */\n        atomic_t                   mm_users;             /*    40     4 */\n        atomic_t                   mm_count;             /*    44     4 */\n        int                        map_count;            /*    48     4 */\n        struct rw_semaphore        mmap_sem;             /*    52    64 */\n        spinlock_t                 page_table_lock;      /*   116    40 */\n        struct list_head           mmlist;               /*   156     8 */\n        mm_counter_t               _file_rss;            /*   164     4 */\n        mm_counter_t               _anon_rss;            /*   168     4 */\n        long unsigned int          hiwater_rss;          /*   172     4 */\n        long unsigned int          hiwater_vm;           /*   176     4 */\n        long unsigned int          total_vm;             /*   180     4 */\n        long unsigned int          locked_vm;            /*   184     4 */\n        long unsigned int          shared_vm;            /*   188     4 */\n        /* ---------- cacheline 6 boundary ---------- */\n        long unsigned int          exec_vm;              /*   192     4 */\n        long unsigned int          stack_vm;             /*   196     4 */\n        long unsigned int          reserved_vm;          /*   200     4 */\n        long unsigned int          def_flags;            /*   204     4 */\n        long unsigned int          nr_ptes;              /*   208     4 */\n        long unsigned int          start_code;           /*   212     4 */\n        long unsigned int          end_code;             /*   216     4 */\n        long unsigned int          start_data;           /*   220     4 */\n        /* ---------- cacheline 7 boundary ---------- */\n        long unsigned int          end_data;             /*   224     4 */\n        long unsigned int          start_brk;            /*   228     4 */\n        long unsigned int          brk;                  /*   232     4 */\n        long unsigned int          start_stack;          /*   236     4 */\n        long unsigned int          arg_start;            /*   240     4 */\n        long unsigned int          arg_end;              /*   244     4 */\n        long unsigned int          env_start;            /*   248     4 */\n        long unsigned int          env_end;              /*   252     4 */\n        /* ---------- cacheline 8 boundary ---------- */\n        long unsigned int          saved_auxv[44];       /*   256   176 */\n        cpumask_t                  cpu_vm_mask;          /*   432     4 */\n        mm_context_t               context;              /*   436    68 */\n        long unsigned int          swap_token_time;      /*   504     4 */\n        char                       recent_pagein;        /*   508     1 */\n        unsigned char              dumpable:2;           /*   509     1 */\n\n        /* XXX 2 bytes hole, try to pack */\n\n        int                        core_waiters;         /*   512     4 */\n        struct completion *        core_startup_done;    /*   516     4 */\n        struct completion          core_done;            /*   520    52 */\n        rwlock_t                   ioctx_list_lock;      /*   572    36 */\n        struct kioctx *            ioctx_list;           /*   608     4 */\n}; /* size: 612, sum members: 610, holes: 1, sum holes: 2, cachelines: 20,\n      last cacheline: 4 bytes */\n\n[acme@newtoy net-2.6.20]$ codiff -V /tmp/sched.o.before kernel/sched.o\n/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/acme/net-2.6.20/kernel/sched.c:\n  struct mm_struct |   -4\n    dumpable:2;\n     from: unsigned int          /*   432(30)    4(2) */\n     to:   unsigned char         /*   509(6)     1(2) */\n\u003c SNIP other offset changes \u003e\n 1 struct changed\n[acme@newtoy net-2.6.20]$\n\nI\u0027m not aware of any problem about using 2 byte wide bitfields where\npreviously a 4 byte wide one was, holler if there is any, I wouldn\u0027t be\nsurprised, bitfields are things from hell.\n\nFor the curious, 432(30) means: at offset 432 from the struct start, at\noffset 30 in the bitfield (yeah, it comes backwards, hellish, huh?) ditto\nfor 509(6), while 4(2) and 1(2) means \"struct field size(bitfield size)\".\n\nNow we have a 2 bytes hole and are using only 4 bytes of the last 32\nbytes cacheline, any takers? :-)\n\nSigned-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo \u003cacme@mandriva.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "7602bdf2fd14a40dd9b104e516fdc05e1bd17952",
      "tree": "5ca703b0a95f6f2e6d977c816532b9085f453974",
      "parents": [
        "098fe651f7e9d759d1117c78c1a642b9b3945922"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Ashwin Chaugule",
        "email": "ashwin.chaugule@celunite.com",
        "time": "Wed Dec 06 20:31:57 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@woody.osdl.org",
        "time": "Thu Dec 07 08:39:21 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] new scheme to preempt swap token\n\nThe new swap token patches replace the current token traversal algo.  The old\nalgo had a crude timeout parameter that was used to handover the token from\none task to another.  This algo, transfers the token to the tasks that are in\nneed of the token.  The urgency for the token is based on the number of times\na task is required to swap-in pages.  Accordingly, the priority of a task is\nincremented if it has been badly affected due to swap-outs.  To ensure that\nthe token doesnt bounce around rapidly, the token holders are given a priority\nboost.  The priority of tasks is also decremented, if their rate of swap-in\u0027s\nkeeps reducing.  This way, the condition to check whether to pre-empt the swap\ntoken, is a matter of comparing two task\u0027s priority fields.\n\n[akpm@osdl.org: cleanups]\nSigned-off-by: Ashwin Chaugule \u003cashwin.chaugule@celunite.com\u003e\nCc: Rik van Riel \u003criel@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Peter Zijlstra \u003ca.p.zijlstra@chello.nl\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "b8534d7bd89df0cd41cd47bcd6733a05ea9a691a",
      "tree": "c4650f417d7f05a9c645d6a0b1f64405ec4c8a39",
      "parents": [
        "17b02695b254aa2ef0e53df9c8e6548f86e66a9d"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Oleg Nesterov",
        "email": "oleg@tv-sign.ru",
        "time": "Sat Oct 28 10:38:53 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sat Oct 28 11:30:54 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] taskstats: kill -\u003etaskstats_lock in favor of -\u003esiglock\n\nsignal_struct is (mostly) protected by -\u003esighand-\u003esiglock, I think we don\u0027t\nneed -\u003etaskstats_lock to protect -\u003estats.  This also allows us to simplify the\nlocking in fill_tgid().\n\nSigned-off-by: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: Shailabh Nagar \u003cnagar@watson.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Jay Lan \u003cjlan@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "3260259f0084e51ce21503b130473b78871e7077",
      "tree": "c553cd9d492b5dc11f33cb260da1f31dcd52ed62",
      "parents": [
        "1662d32cea96a8711bd61094ff090979478f0fd4"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Henne",
        "email": "henne@nachtwindheim.de",
        "time": "Fri Oct 06 00:44:01 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Oct 06 08:53:41 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sched: fix a kerneldoc error on is_init()\n\nFix a kerneldoc warning and reorderd the description for is_init().\n\nSigned-off-by: Henrik Kretzschmar \u003chenne@nachtwindheim.de\u003e\nCc: \"Randy.Dunlap\" \u003crdunlap@xenotime.net\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "89c4710ee9bbbefe6a4d469d9f36266a92c275c5",
      "tree": "f84fe28e48bbda210f01f22ae0065f7ed1fcc5e1",
      "parents": [
        "1a84887080dc15f048db7c3a643e98f1435790d6"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Siddha, Suresh B",
        "email": "suresh.b.siddha@intel.com",
        "time": "Tue Oct 03 01:14:09 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Oct 03 08:04:06 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sched: cleanup sched_group cpu_power setup\n\nUp to now sched group\u0027s cpu_power for each sched domain is initialized\nindependently.  This made the setup code ugly as the new sched domains are\ngetting added.\n\nMake the sched group cpu_power setup code generic, by using domain child\nfield and new domain flag in sched_domain.  For most of the sched\ndomains(except NUMA), sched group\u0027s cpu_power is now computed generically\nusing the domain properties of itself and of the child domain.\n\nsched groups in NUMA domains are setup little differently and hence they\ndon\u0027t use this generic mechanism.\n\nSigned-off-by: Suresh Siddha \u003csuresh.b.siddha@intel.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nAcked-by: Nick Piggin \u003cnickpiggin@yahoo.com.au\u003e\nCc: Paul Jackson \u003cpj@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "1a84887080dc15f048db7c3a643e98f1435790d6",
      "tree": "7cd335fee247c0b60f8562c82806b49435b5fb9d",
      "parents": [
        "74732646431a1bb7e23e6b564127a8881cfef900"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Siddha, Suresh B",
        "email": "suresh.b.siddha@intel.com",
        "time": "Tue Oct 03 01:14:08 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Oct 03 08:04:06 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sched: introduce child field in sched_domain\n\nIntroduce the child field in sched_domain struct and use it in\nsched_balance_self().\n\nWe will also use this field in cleaning up the sched group cpu_power\nsetup(done in a different patch) code.\n\nSigned-off-by: Suresh Siddha \u003csuresh.b.siddha@intel.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nAcked-by: Nick Piggin \u003cnickpiggin@yahoo.com.au\u003e\nCc: Paul Jackson \u003cpj@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "9ec52099e4b8678a60e9f93e41ad87885d64f3e6",
      "tree": "a68fe051b39f8f8e8be469cbd3c2f653b9b71a9d",
      "parents": [
        "1a657f78dcc8ea7c53eaa1f2a45ea2315738c15f"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Cedric Le Goater",
        "email": "clg@fr.ibm.com",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 02:19:00 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 07:57:25 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] replace cad_pid by a struct pid\n\nThere are a few places in the kernel where the init task is signaled.  The\nctrl+alt+del sequence is one them.  It kills a task, usually init, using a\ncached pid (cad_pid).\n\nThis patch replaces the pid_t by a struct pid to avoid pid wrap around\nproblem.  The struct pid is initialized at boot time in init() and can be\nmodified through systctl with\n\n\t/proc/sys/kernel/cad_pid\n\n[ I haven\u0027t found any distro using it ? ]\n\nIt also introduces a small helper routine kill_cad_pid() which is used\nwhere it seemed ok to use cad_pid instead of pid 1.\n\n[akpm@osdl.org: cleanups, build fix]\nSigned-off-by: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Martin Schwidefsky \u003cschwidefsky@de.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Paul Mackerras \u003cpaulus@samba.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "25b21cb2f6d69b0475b134e0a3e8e269137270fa",
      "tree": "cd9c3966408c0ca5903249437c35ff35961de544",
      "parents": [
        "c0b2fc316599d6cd875b6b8cafa67f03b9512b4d"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Kirill Korotaev",
        "email": "dev@openvz.org",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 02:18:19 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 07:57:22 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] IPC namespace core\n\nThis patch set allows to unshare IPCs and have a private set of IPC objects\n(sem, shm, msg) inside namespace.  Basically, it is another building block of\ncontainers functionality.\n\nThis patch implements core IPC namespace changes:\n- ipc_namespace structure\n- new config option CONFIG_IPC_NS\n- adds CLONE_NEWIPC flag\n- unshare support\n\n[clg@fr.ibm.com: small fix for unshare of ipc namespace]\n[akpm@osdl.org: build fix]\nSigned-off-by: Pavel Emelianov \u003cxemul@openvz.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Kirill Korotaev \u003cdev@openvz.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "071df104f808b8195c40643dcb4d060681742e29",
      "tree": "e5c3355e526e0182797d59c7e80062fbc2bb7d77",
      "parents": [
        "bf47fdcda65b44dbd674eeedcaa06e0aa28a5a00"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Serge E. Hallyn",
        "email": "serue@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 02:18:17 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 07:57:22 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] namespaces: utsname: implement CLONE_NEWUTS flag\n\nImplement a CLONE_NEWUTS flag, and use it at clone and sys_unshare.\n\n[clg@fr.ibm.com: IPC unshare fix]\n[bunk@stusta.de: cleanup]\nSigned-off-by: Serge Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Kirill Korotaev \u003cdev@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Herbert Poetzl \u003cherbert@13thfloor.at\u003e\nCc: Andrey Savochkin \u003csaw@sw.ru\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Adrian Bunk \u003cbunk@stusta.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "4865ecf1315b450ab3317a745a6678c04d311e40",
      "tree": "6cf5d3028f8642eba2a8094eb413db080cc9219c",
      "parents": [
        "96b644bdec977b97a45133e5b4466ba47a7a5e65"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Serge E. Hallyn",
        "email": "serue@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 02:18:14 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 07:57:21 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] namespaces: utsname: implement utsname namespaces\n\nThis patch defines the uts namespace and some manipulators.\nAdds the uts namespace to task_struct, and initializes a\nsystem-wide init namespace.\n\nIt leaves a #define for system_utsname so sysctl will compile.\nThis define will be removed in a separate patch.\n\n[akpm@osdl.org: build fix, cleanup]\nSigned-off-by: Serge Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Kirill Korotaev \u003cdev@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Herbert Poetzl \u003cherbert@13thfloor.at\u003e\nCc: Andrey Savochkin \u003csaw@sw.ru\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "1651e14e28a2d9f446018ef522882e0709a2ce4f",
      "tree": "401ff78624fdc4b445f3f95174a223acaf6a4ca0",
      "parents": [
        "0437eb594e6e5e699248f865482e61034be846d0"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Serge E. Hallyn",
        "email": "serue@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 02:18:08 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 07:57:20 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] namespaces: incorporate fs namespace into nsproxy\n\nThis moves the mount namespace into the nsproxy.  The mount namespace count\nnow refers to the number of nsproxies point to it, rather than the number of\ntasks.  As a result, the unshare_namespace() function in kernel/fork.c no\nlonger checks whether it is being shared.\n\nSigned-off-by: Serge Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Kirill Korotaev \u003cdev@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Herbert Poetzl \u003cherbert@13thfloor.at\u003e\nCc: Andrey Savochkin \u003csaw@sw.ru\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "ab516013ad9ca47f1d3a936fa81303bfbf734d52",
      "tree": "643ea9c4c3d28958cb42dd87b1856f74edd22b11",
      "parents": [
        "b1ba4ddde0cf67991d89f039365eaaeda61aa027"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Serge E. Hallyn",
        "email": "serue@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 02:18:06 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 07:57:20 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] namespaces: add nsproxy\n\nThis patch adds a nsproxy structure to the task struct.  Later patches will\nmove the fs namespace pointer into this structure, and introduce a new utsname\nnamespace into the nsproxy.\n\nThe vserver and openvz functionality, then, would be implemented in large part\nby virtualizing/isolating more and more resources into namespaces, each\ncontained in the nsproxy.\n\n[akpm@osdl.org: build fix]\nSigned-off-by: Serge Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Kirill Korotaev \u003cdev@openvz.org\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Herbert Poetzl \u003cherbert@13thfloor.at\u003e\nCc: Andrey Savochkin \u003csaw@sw.ru\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "2425c08b37244005ff221efe4957d8aaff18609c",
      "tree": "488a298587acb651bd6964c0f9d53c9f48327362",
      "parents": [
        "43fa1adb9334bf4585cd53144eb5911488f85bc7"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Eric W. Biederman",
        "email": "ebiederm@xmission.com",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 02:17:28 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 07:57:15 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] usb: fixup usb so it uses struct pid\n\nThe problem with remembering a user space process by its pid is that it is\npossible that the process will exit, pid wrap around will occur.\nConverting to a struct pid avoid that problem, and paves the way for\nimplementing a pid namespace.\n\nAlso since usb is the only user of kill_proc_info_as_uid rename\nkill_proc_info_as_uid to kill_pid_info_as_uid and have the new version take\na struct pid.\n\nSigned-off-by: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman \u003cgregkh@suse.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "3fbc96486459324e182717b03c50c90c880be6ec",
      "tree": "c2b5ccb3f64913daeb040c21652e4b421cc76bca",
      "parents": [
        "aa5a6662f93f52605b6c447ba6f7291e92f515c5"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Sukadev Bhattiprolu",
        "email": "sukadev@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 02:17:24 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 07:57:15 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] Define struct pspace\n\nDefine a per-container pid space object.  And create one instance of this\nobject, init_pspace, to define the entire pid space.  Subsequent patches\nwill provide/use interfaces to create/destroy pid spaces.\n\nIts a subset/rework of Eric Biederman\u0027s patch\nhttp://lkml.org/lkml/2006/2/6/285 .\n\nSigned-off-by: Eric Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Sukadev Bhattiprolu \u003csukadev@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Dave Hansen \u003chaveblue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Serge Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Kirill Korotaev \u003cdev@sw.ru\u003e\nCc: Andrey Savochkin \u003csaw@sw.ru\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "c4b92fc112f7be5cce308128236ff75cc98535c3",
      "tree": "ea4dfac4355c64decbf6aa1ca65af76af43b90fb",
      "parents": [
        "558cb325485aaf655130f140e8ddd25392f6c972"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Eric W. Biederman",
        "email": "ebiederm@xmission.com",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 02:17:10 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 07:57:13 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] pid: implement signal functions that take a struct pid *\n\nCurrently the signal functions all either take a task or a pid_t argument.\nThis patch implements variants that take a struct pid *.  After all of the\nusers have been update it is my intention to remove the variants that take a\npid_t as using pid_t can be more work (an extra hash table lookup) and\ndifficult to get right in the presence of multiple pid namespaces.\n\nThere are two kinds of functions introduced in this patch.  The are the\ngeneral use functions kill_pgrp and kill_pid which take a priv argument that\nis ultimately used to create the appropriate siginfo information, Then there\nare _kill_pgrp_info, kill_pgrp_info, kill_pid_info the internal implementation\nhelpers that take an explicit siginfo.\n\nThe distinction is made because filling out an explcit siginfo is tricky, and\nwill be even more tricky when pid namespaces are introduced.\n\nSigned-off-by: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "22c935f47c03399c78e64c71b757eb36fa917ff6",
      "tree": "801968ba95a13b13d25b8c7202ee0efdc4e03ad9",
      "parents": [
        "f6c7a1f34e92b0b561024ead9fa70623683025e4"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Eric W. Biederman",
        "email": "ebiederm@xmission.com",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 02:17:09 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 07:57:13 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] pid: implement access helpers for a tacks various process groups\n\nIn the last round of cleaning up the pid hash table a more general struct pid\nwas introduced, that can be referenced counted.\n\nWith the more general struct pid most if not all places where we store a pid_t\nwe can now store a struct pid * and remove the need for a hash table lookup,\nand avoid any possible problems with pid roll over.\n\nLooking forward to the pid namespaces struct pid * gives us an absolute form a\npid so we can compare and use them without caring which pid namespace we are\nin.\n\nThis patchset introduces the infrastructure needed to use struct pid instead\nof pid_t, and then it goes on to convert two different kernel users that\ncurrently store a pid_t value.\n\nThere are a lot more places to go but this is enough to get the basic idea.\n\nBefore we can merge a pid namespace patch all of the kernel pid_t users need\nto be examined.  Those that deal with user space processes need to be\nconverted to using a struct pid *.  Those that deal with kernel processes need\nto converted to using the kthread api.  A rare few that only use their current\nprocesses pid values get to be left alone.\n\nThis patch:\n\ntask_session returns the struct pid of a tasks session.\ntask_pgrp    returns the struct pid of a tasks process group.\ntask_tgid    returns the struct pid of a tasks thread group.\ntask_pid     returns the struct pid of a tasks process id.\n\nThese can be used to avoid unnecessary hash table lookups, and to implement\nsafe pid comparisions in the face of a pid namespace.\n\nSigned-off-by: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "0804ef4b0de7121261f77c565b20a11ac694e877",
      "tree": "ff12e3b999dc2ce66d97fce5d76cd7df073c0d5c",
      "parents": [
        "2bc2d61a9638dab670d8361e928d1a5a291173ef"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Eric W. Biederman",
        "email": "ebiederm@xmission.com",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 02:17:04 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Mon Oct 02 07:57:12 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] proc: readdir race fix (take 3)\n\nThe problem: An opendir, readdir, closedir sequence can fail to report\nprocess ids that are continually in use throughout the sequence of system\ncalls.  For this race to trigger the process that proc_pid_readdir stops at\nmust exit before readdir is called again.\n\nThis can cause ps to fail to report processes, and it is in violation of\nposix guarantees and normal application expectations with respect to\nreaddir.\n\nCurrently there is no way to work around this problem in user space short\nof providing a gargantuan buffer to user space so the directory read all\nhappens in on system call.\n\nThis patch implements the normal directory semantics for proc, that\nguarantee that a directory entry that is neither created nor destroyed\nwhile reading the directory entry will be returned.  For directory that are\neither created or destroyed during the readdir you may or may not see them.\n Furthermore you may seek to a directory offset you have previously seen.\n\nThese are the guarantee that ext[23] provides and that posix requires, and\nmore importantly that user space expects.  Plus it is a simple semantic to\nimplement reliable service.  It is just a matter of calling readdir a\nsecond time if you are wondering if something new has show up.\n\nThese better semantics are implemented by scanning through the pids in\nnumerical order and by making the file offset a pid plus a fixed offset.\n\nThe pid scan happens on the pid bitmap, which when you look at it is\nremarkably efficient for a brute force algorithm.  Given that a typical\ncache line is 64 bytes and thus covers space for 64*8 \u003d\u003d 200 pids.  There\nare only 40 cache lines for the entire 32K pid space.  A typical system\nwill have 100 pids or more so this is actually fewer cache lines we have to\nlook at to scan a linked list, and the worst case of having to scan the\nentire pid bitmap is pretty reasonable.\n\nIf we need something more efficient we can go to a more efficient data\nstructure for indexing the pids, but for now what we have should be\nsufficient.\n\nIn addition this takes no additional locks and is actually less code than\nwhat we are doing now.\n\nAlso another very subtle bug in this area has been fixed.  It is possible\nto catch a task in the middle of de_thread where a thread is assuming the\nthread of it\u0027s thread group leader.  This patch carefully handles that case\nso if we hit it we don\u0027t fail to return the pid, that is undergoing the\nde_thread dance.\n\nThanks to KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki \u003ckamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e for\nproviding the first fix, pointing this out and working on it.\n\n[oleg@tv-sign.ru: fix it]\nSigned-off-by: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nAcked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki \u003ckamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: Jean Delvare \u003cjdelvare@suse.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "db5fed26b2e0beed939b773dd5896077a1794d65",
      "tree": "be7630821744aae53b2431383ef0b304a87f1268",
      "parents": [
        "8f0ab5147951267134612570604cf8341901a80c"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Jay Lan",
        "email": "jlan@sgi.com",
        "time": "Sat Sep 30 23:29:00 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sun Oct 01 00:39:29 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] csa accounting taskstats update\n\nChangeLog:\n   Feedbacks from Andrew Morton:\n   - define TS_COMM_LEN to 32\n   - change acct_stimexpd field of task_struct to be of\n     cputime_t, which is to be used to save the tsk-\u003estime\n     of last timer interrupt update.\n   - a new Documentation/accounting/taskstats-struct.txt\n     to describe fields of taskstats struct.\n\n   Feedback from Balbir Singh:\n   - keep the stime of a task to be zero when both stime\n     and utime are zero as recoreded in task_struct.\n\n   Misc:\n   - convert accumulated RSS/VM from platform dependent\n     pages-ticks to MBytes-usecs in the kernel\n\nCc: Shailabh Nagar \u003cnagar@watson.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Jes Sorensen \u003cjes@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Chris Sturtivant \u003ccsturtiv@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Tony Ernst \u003ctee@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Guillaume Thouvenin \u003cguillaume.thouvenin@bull.net\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "8f0ab5147951267134612570604cf8341901a80c",
      "tree": "d394edb3ab69396128e7971136f05fd71d863ece",
      "parents": [
        "9acc1853519a0473620d424105f9d49ea5b4e62e"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Jay Lan",
        "email": "jlan@engr.sgi.com",
        "time": "Sat Sep 30 23:28:59 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sun Oct 01 00:39:29 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] csa: convert CONFIG tag for extended accounting routines\n\nThere were a few accounting data/macros that are used in CSA but are #ifdef\u0027ed\ninside CONFIG_BSD_PROCESS_ACCT.  This patch is to change those ifdef\u0027s from\nCONFIG_BSD_PROCESS_ACCT to CONFIG_TASK_XACCT.  A few defines are moved from\nkernel/acct.c and include/linux/acct.h to kernel/tsacct.c and\ninclude/linux/tsacct_kern.h.\n\nSigned-off-by: Jay Lan \u003cjlan@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Shailabh Nagar \u003cnagar@watson.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Jes Sorensen \u003cjes@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Chris Sturtivant \u003ccsturtiv@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Tony Ernst \u003ctee@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Guillaume Thouvenin \u003cguillaume.thouvenin@bull.net\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "0d67a46df0125e20d14f12dbd3646f1f1bf23e8c",
      "tree": "8e823eedbc068e3a1ed3a4af6696a43a48fffa0a",
      "parents": [
        "cf9a2ae8d49948f861b56e5333530e491a9da190"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "David Howells",
        "email": "dhowells@redhat.com",
        "time": "Tue Aug 29 19:05:56 2006 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "axboe@nelson.home.kernel.dk",
        "time": "Sat Sep 30 20:31:20 2006 +0200"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] BLOCK: Remove duplicate declaration of exit_io_context() [try #6]\n\nRemove the duplicate declaration of exit_io_context() from linux/sched.h.\n\nSigned-Off-By: David Howells \u003cdhowells@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Jens Axboe \u003caxboe@kernel.dk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "c394cc9fbb367f87faa2228ec2eabacd2d4701c6",
      "tree": "2177214ac92b3a7ac21cb2632786c9de728c3868",
      "parents": [
        "55a101f8f71a3d3dbda7b5c77083ffe47552f831"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Oleg Nesterov",
        "email": "oleg@tv-sign.ru",
        "time": "Fri Sep 29 02:01:11 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Sep 29 09:18:21 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] introduce TASK_DEAD state\n\nI am not sure about this patch, I am asking Ingo to take a decision.\n\ntask_struct-\u003estate \u003d\u003d EXIT_DEAD is a very special case, to avoid a confusion\nit makes sense to introduce a new state, TASK_DEAD, while EXIT_DEAD should\nlive only in -\u003eexit_state as documented in sched.h.\n\nNote that this state is not visible to user-space, get_task_state() masks off\nunsuitable states.\n\nSigned-off-by: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "55a101f8f71a3d3dbda7b5c77083ffe47552f831",
      "tree": "52706df201efd82d09bed39562502b4caa357af4",
      "parents": [
        "29b884921634e1e01cbd276e1c9b8fc07a7e4a90"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Oleg Nesterov",
        "email": "oleg@tv-sign.ru",
        "time": "Fri Sep 29 02:01:10 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Sep 29 09:18:20 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] kill PF_DEAD flag\n\nAfter the previous change (-\u003eflags \u0026 PF_DEAD) \u003c\u003d\u003e (-\u003estate \u003d\u003d EXIT_DEAD), we\ndon\u0027t need PF_DEAD any longer.\n\nSigned-off-by: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "57a6f51c4281aa3119975473c70dce0480d322bd",
      "tree": "05d22c0c64fc9de38554b6aca24b021a81479975",
      "parents": [
        "5fe1d75f34974046fffcca5e22fb8a7b42fded33"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Oleg Nesterov",
        "email": "oleg@tv-sign.ru",
        "time": "Fri Sep 29 02:00:49 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Sep 29 09:18:17 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] introduce is_rt_policy() helper\n\nImho, makes the code a bit easier to read.\n\nSigned-off-by: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: Thomas Gleixner \u003ctglx@linutronix.de\u003e\nCc: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nCc: Steven Rostedt \u003crostedt@goodmis.org\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnickpiggin@yahoo.com.au\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "3171a0305d62e6627a24bff35af4f997e4988a80",
      "tree": "5cf70462490528523172927c75f47970faa46ce9",
      "parents": [
        "27d91e07f9b863fa94491ffafe250580f0c2ce78"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Atsushi Nemoto",
        "email": "anemo@mba.ocn.ne.jp",
        "time": "Fri Sep 29 02:00:32 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Sep 29 09:18:15 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] simplify update_times (avoid jiffies/jiffies_64 aliasing problem)\n\nPass ticks to do_timer() and update_times(), and adjust x86_64 and s390\ntimer interrupt handler with this change.\n\nCurrently update_times() calculates ticks by \"jiffies - wall_jiffies\", but\ncallers of do_timer() should know how many ticks to update.  Passing ticks\nget rid of this redundant calculation.  Also there are another redundancy\npointed out by Martin Schwidefsky.\n\nThis cleanup make a barrier added by\n5aee405c662ca644980c184774277fc6d0769a84 needless.  So this patch removes\nit.\n\nAs a bonus, this cleanup make wall_jiffies can be removed easily, since now\nwall_jiffies is always synced with jiffies.  (This patch does not really\nremove wall_jiffies.  It would be another cleanup patch)\n\nSigned-off-by: Atsushi Nemoto \u003canemo@mba.ocn.ne.jp\u003e\nCc: Martin Schwidefsky \u003cschwidefsky@de.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Thomas Gleixner \u003ctglx@linutronix.de\u003e\nCc: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nCc: john stultz \u003cjohnstul@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Andi Kleen \u003cak@muc.de\u003e\nCc: Paul Mackerras \u003cpaulus@samba.org\u003e\nCc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt \u003cbenh@kernel.crashing.org\u003e\nCc: Richard Henderson \u003crth@twiddle.net\u003e\nCc: Ivan Kokshaysky \u003cink@jurassic.park.msu.ru\u003e\nAcked-by: Russell King \u003crmk@arm.linux.org.uk\u003e\nCc: Ian Molton \u003cspyro@f2s.com\u003e\nCc: Mikael Starvik \u003cstarvik@axis.com\u003e\nAcked-by: David Howells \u003cdhowells@redhat.com\u003e\nCc: Yoshinori Sato \u003cysato@users.sourceforge.jp\u003e\nCc: Hirokazu Takata \u003ctakata.hirokazu@renesas.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Ralf Baechle \u003cralf@linux-mips.org\u003e\nCc: Kyle McMartin \u003ckyle@mcmartin.ca\u003e\nCc: Heiko Carstens \u003cheiko.carstens@de.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Martin Schwidefsky \u003cschwidefsky@de.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Paul Mundt \u003clethal@linux-sh.org\u003e\nCc: Kazumoto Kojima \u003ckkojima@rr.iij4u.or.jp\u003e\nCc: Richard Curnow \u003crc@rc0.org.uk\u003e\nCc: William Lee Irwin III \u003cwli@holomorphy.com\u003e\nCc: \"David S. Miller\" \u003cdavem@davemloft.net\u003e\nCc: Jeff Dike \u003cjdike@addtoit.com\u003e\nCc: Paolo \u0027Blaisorblade\u0027 Giarrusso \u003cblaisorblade@yahoo.it\u003e\nCc: Miles Bader \u003cuclinux-v850@lsi.nec.co.jp\u003e\nCc: Chris Zankel \u003cchris@zankel.net\u003e\nAcked-by: \"Luck, Tony\" \u003ctony.luck@intel.com\u003e\nCc: Geert Uytterhoeven \u003cgeert@linux-m68k.org\u003e\nCc: Roman Zippel \u003czippel@linux-m68k.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "f400e198b2ed26ce55b22a1412ded0896e7516ac",
      "tree": "a3d78bfc1c20635e199fe0fe85aaa1d8792acc58",
      "parents": [
        "959ed340f4867fda7684340625f60e211c2296d6"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Sukadev Bhattiprolu",
        "email": "sukadev@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Fri Sep 29 02:00:07 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Sep 29 09:18:12 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] pidspace: is_init()\n\nThis is an updated version of Eric Biederman\u0027s is_init() patch.\n(http://lkml.org/lkml/2006/2/6/280).  It applies cleanly to 2.6.18-rc3 and\nreplaces a few more instances of -\u003epid \u003d\u003d 1 with is_init().\n\nFurther, is_init() checks pid and thus removes dependency on Eric\u0027s other\npatches for now.\n\nEric\u0027s original description:\n\n\tThere are a lot of places in the kernel where we test for init\n\tbecause we give it special properties.  Most  significantly init\n\tmust not die.  This results in code all over the kernel test\n\t-\u003epid \u003d\u003d 1.\n\n\tIntroduce is_init to capture this case.\n\n\tWith multiple pid spaces for all of the cases affected we are\n\tlooking for only the first process on the system, not some other\n\tprocess that has pid \u003d\u003d 1.\n\nSigned-off-by: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Sukadev Bhattiprolu \u003csukadev@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Dave Hansen \u003chaveblue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Serge Hallyn \u003cserue@us.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Cedric Le Goater \u003cclg@fr.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: \u003clxc-devel@lists.sourceforge.net\u003e\nAcked-by: Paul Mackerras \u003cpaulus@samba.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "6c5c934153513dc72e2d6464f39e8ef1f27c0a3e",
      "tree": "be799da4af646a96c2d6ab473e276a7361beb685",
      "parents": [
        "3d5b6fccc4b900cc4267692f015ea500bad4c6bf"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Alexey Dobriyan",
        "email": "adobriyan@gmail.com",
        "time": "Fri Sep 29 01:59:40 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Sep 29 09:18:09 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] ifdef blktrace debugging fields\n\nSigned-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan \u003cadobriyan@gmail.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Jens Axboe \u003caxboe@suse.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "3d5b6fccc4b900cc4267692f015ea500bad4c6bf",
      "tree": "7ec9dbaeeb190af073fd52a6c3a936e70870c96e",
      "parents": [
        "e1dfa92dcab72397ed1f85f7b8f98a9da43b3f7b"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Alexey Dobriyan",
        "email": "adobriyan@gmail.com",
        "time": "Fri Sep 29 01:59:40 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Sep 29 09:18:09 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] task_struct: ifdef Missed\u0027em V IPC\n\nipc/sem.c only.\n\n$ agrep sysvsem -w -n\nipc/sem.c:912:  undo_list \u003d current-\u003esysvsem.undo_list;\nipc/sem.c:932:  undo_list \u003d current-\u003esysvsem.undo_list;\nipc/sem.c:954:  undo_list \u003d current-\u003esysvsem.undo_list;\nipc/sem.c:963:          current-\u003esysvsem.undo_list \u003d undo_list;\nipc/sem.c:1247:         tsk-\u003esysvsem.undo_list \u003d undo_list;\nipc/sem.c:1249:         tsk-\u003esysvsem.undo_list \u003d NULL;\nipc/sem.c:1271: undo_list \u003d tsk-\u003esysvsem.undo_list;\ninclude/linux/sched.h:876:      struct sysv_sem sysvsem;\n\nSigned-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan \u003cadobriyan@gmail.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "0a4254058037eb172758961d0a5b94f4320a1425",
      "tree": "e9e64daf007952322c7ab0671b2f2f841085c04d",
      "parents": [
        "b62a5c740df1e3d49a97349fce0c6a23f633d7fe"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Arjan van de Ven",
        "email": "arjan@linux.intel.com",
        "time": "Tue Sep 26 10:52:38 2006 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Andi Kleen",
        "email": "andi@basil.nowhere.org",
        "time": "Tue Sep 26 10:52:38 2006 +0200"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] Add the canary field to the PDA area and the task struct\n\nThis patch adds the per thread cookie field to the task struct and the PDA.\nAlso it makes sure that the PDA value gets the new cookie value at context\nswitch, and that a new task gets a new cookie at task creation time.\n\nSigned-off-by: Arjan van Ven \u003carjan@linux.intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andi Kleen \u003cak@suse.de\u003e\nCC: Andi Kleen \u003cak@suse.de\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "e07e23e1fd3000289fc7ccc6c71879070d3b19e0",
      "tree": "1290385cacd89e39b7bc1b12b7515b68423d78d3",
      "parents": [
        "73fea175303926055440c06bc8894f0c5c58afc8"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Arjan van de Ven",
        "email": "arjan@linux.intel.com",
        "time": "Tue Sep 26 10:52:36 2006 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Andi Kleen",
        "email": "andi@basil.nowhere.org",
        "time": "Tue Sep 26 10:52:36 2006 +0200"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] non lazy \"sleazy\" fpu implementation\n\nRight now the kernel on x86-64 has a 100% lazy fpu behavior: after *every*\ncontext switch a trap is taken for the first FPU use to restore the FPU\ncontext lazily.  This is of course great for applications that have very\nsporadic or no FPU use (since then you avoid doing the expensive\nsave/restore all the time).  However for very frequent FPU users...  you\ntake an extra trap every context switch.\n\nThe patch below adds a simple heuristic to this code: After 5 consecutive\ncontext switches of FPU use, the lazy behavior is disabled and the context\ngets restored every context switch.  If the app indeed uses the FPU, the\ntrap is avoided.  (the chance of the 6th time slice using FPU after the\nprevious 5 having done so are quite high obviously).\n\nAfter 256 switches, this is reset and lazy behavior is returned (until\nthere are 5 consecutive ones again).  The reason for this is to give apps\nthat do longer bursts of FPU use still the lazy behavior back after some\ntime.\n\n[akpm@osdl.org: place new task_struct field next to jit_keyring to save space]\nSigned-off-by: Arjan van de Ven \u003carjan@linux.intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andi Kleen \u003cak@suse.de\u003e\nCc: Andi Kleen \u003cak@muc.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "35df17c57cecb08f0120fb18926325f1093dc429",
      "tree": "dc79780b3133e55dc591e35238fdb313e8e0219e",
      "parents": [
        "30f3174d1c506db2c6d2c1dddc9c064e741d6b76"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Shailabh Nagar",
        "email": "nagar@watson.ibm.com",
        "time": "Thu Aug 31 21:27:38 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Sep 01 11:39:08 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] task delay accounting fixes\n\nCleanup allocation and freeing of tsk-\u003edelays used by delay accounting.\nThis solves two problems reported for delay accounting:\n\n1. oops in __delayacct_blkio_ticks\nhttp://www.uwsg.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0608.2/1844.html\n\nCurrently tsk-\u003edelays is getting freed too early in task exit which can\ncause a NULL tsk-\u003edelays to get accessed via reading of /proc/\u003ctgid\u003e/stats.\n The patch fixes this problem by freeing tsk-\u003edelays closer to when\ntask_struct itself is freed up.  As a result, it also eliminates the use of\ntsk-\u003edelays_lock which was only being used (inadequately) to safeguard\naccess to tsk-\u003edelays while a task was exiting.\n\n2. Possible memory leak in kernel/delayacct.c\nhttp://www.uwsg.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0608.2/1389.html\n\nThe patch cleans up tsk-\u003edelays allocations after a bad fork which was\nmissing earlier.\n\nThe patch has been tested to fix the problems listed above and stress\ntested with rapid calls to delay accounting\u0027s taskstats command interface\n(which is the other path that can access the same data, besides the /proc\ninterface causing the oops above).\n\nSigned-off-by: Shailabh Nagar \u003cnagar@watson.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@in.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "a7ef7878ea7c8bca9b624db3f61223cdadda2a0a",
      "tree": "3727435826f2fe3d054f0f3fbc3e60f2b37d8bad",
      "parents": [
        "f5d635f649607b09b0b4620d25d028fd2b1b7ea5"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Rafael J. Wysocki",
        "email": "rjw@sisk.pl",
        "time": "Sat Aug 05 12:13:42 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sun Aug 06 08:57:45 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] Make suspend possible with a traced process at a breakpoint\n\nIt should be possible to suspend, either to RAM or to disk, if there\u0027s a\ntraced process that has just reached a breakpoint.  However, this is a\nspecial case, because its parent process might have been frozen already and\nthen we are unable to deliver the \"freeze\" signal to the traced process.\nIf this happens, it\u0027s better to cancel the freezing of the traced process.\n\nRef. http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id\u003d6787\n\nSigned-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki \u003crjw@sisk.pl\u003e\nAcked-by: Pavel Machek \u003cpavel@ucw.cz\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "ad4ecbcba72855a2b5319b96e2a3a65ed1ca3bfd",
      "tree": "a2f5b98598948525de77ab594e4432f09a230388",
      "parents": [
        "25890454667b3295f67b3372352be90705f8667c"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Shailabh Nagar",
        "email": "nagar@watson.ibm.com",
        "time": "Fri Jul 14 00:24:44 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Jul 14 21:53:57 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] delay accounting taskstats interface send tgid once\n\nSend per-tgid data only once during exit of a thread group instead of once\nwith each member thread exit.\n\nCurrently, when a thread exits, besides its per-tid data, the per-tgid data\nof its thread group is also sent out, if its thread group is non-empty.\nThe per-tgid data sent consists of the sum of per-tid stats for all\n*remaining* threads of the thread group.\n\nThis patch modifies this sending in two ways:\n\n- the per-tgid data is sent only when the last thread of a thread group\n  exits.  This cuts down heavily on the overhead of sending/receiving\n  per-tgid data, especially when other exploiters of the taskstats\n  interface aren\u0027t interested in per-tgid stats\n\n- the semantics of the per-tgid data sent are changed.  Instead of being\n  the sum of per-tid data for remaining threads, the value now sent is the\n  true total accumalated statistics for all threads that are/were part of\n  the thread group.\n\nThe patch also addresses a minor issue where failure of one accounting\nsubsystem to fill in the taskstats structure was causing the send of\ntaskstats to not be sent at all.\n\nThe patch has been tested for stability and run cerberus for over 4 hours\non an SMP.\n\n[akpm@osdl.org: bugfixes]\nSigned-off-by: Shailabh Nagar \u003cnagar@watson.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Jay Lan \u003cjlan@engr.sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "6f44993fe1d7b2b097f6ac60cd5835c6f5ca0874",
      "tree": "0f349f4e6c28cc5d11b7083273543a294c437216",
      "parents": [
        "c757249af152c59fd74b85e52e8c090acb33d9c0"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Shailabh Nagar",
        "email": "nagar@watson.ibm.com",
        "time": "Fri Jul 14 00:24:41 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Jul 14 21:53:56 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] per-task-delay-accounting: delay accounting usage of taskstats interface\n\nUsage of taskstats interface by delay accounting.\n\nSigned-off-by: Shailabh Nagar \u003cnagar@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Jes Sorensen \u003cjes@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Peter Chubb \u003cpeterc@gelato.unsw.edu.au\u003e\nCc: Erich Focht \u003cefocht@ess.nec.de\u003e\nCc: Levent Serinol \u003clserinol@gmail.com\u003e\nCc: Jay Lan \u003cjlan@engr.sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "52f17b6c2bd443e7806a161e9d10a983650db01d",
      "tree": "67f9a8964a3ac78091cefcd7baf8935175a0a003",
      "parents": [
        "0ff922452df86f3e9a2c6f705c4588ec62d096a7"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Chandra Seetharaman",
        "email": "sekharan@us.ibm.com",
        "time": "Fri Jul 14 00:24:38 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Jul 14 21:53:56 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] per-task-delay-accounting: cpu delay collection via schedstats\n\nMake the task-related schedstats functions callable by delay accounting even\nif schedstats collection isn\u0027t turned on.  This removes the dependency of\ndelay accounting on schedstats.\n\nSigned-off-by: Chandra Seetharaman \u003csekharan@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Shailabh Nagar \u003cnagar@watson.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Jes Sorensen \u003cjes@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Peter Chubb \u003cpeterc@gelato.unsw.edu.au\u003e\nCc: Erich Focht \u003cefocht@ess.nec.de\u003e\nCc: Levent Serinol \u003clserinol@gmail.com\u003e\nCc: Jay Lan \u003cjlan@engr.sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "0ff922452df86f3e9a2c6f705c4588ec62d096a7",
      "tree": "ac84041bfb63f12d0e2db733c46b2cd2438b4882",
      "parents": [
        "ca74e92b4698276b6696f15a801759f50944f387"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Shailabh Nagar",
        "email": "nagar@watson.ibm.com",
        "time": "Fri Jul 14 00:24:37 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Jul 14 21:53:56 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] per-task-delay-accounting: sync block I/O and swapin delay collection\n\nUnlike earlier iterations of the delay accounting patches, now delays are only\ncollected for the actual I/O waits rather than try and cover the delays seen\nin I/O submission paths.\n\nAccount separately for block I/O delays incurred as a result of swapin page\nfaults whose frequency can be affected by the task/process\u0027 rss limit.  Hence\nswapin delays can act as feedback for rss limit changes independent of I/O\npriority changes.\n\nSigned-off-by: Shailabh Nagar \u003cnagar@watson.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Jes Sorensen \u003cjes@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Peter Chubb \u003cpeterc@gelato.unsw.edu.au\u003e\nCc: Erich Focht \u003cefocht@ess.nec.de\u003e\nCc: Levent Serinol \u003clserinol@gmail.com\u003e\nCc: Jay Lan \u003cjlan@engr.sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "ca74e92b4698276b6696f15a801759f50944f387",
      "tree": "26f0de66d8207608e07ee22389bfc173e773c0c2",
      "parents": [
        "e8f4d97e1b58b50ad6449bb2d35e6632c0236abd"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Shailabh Nagar",
        "email": "nagar@watson.ibm.com",
        "time": "Fri Jul 14 00:24:36 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Jul 14 21:53:56 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] per-task-delay-accounting: setup\n\nInitialization code related to collection of per-task \"delay\" statistics which\nmeasure how long it had to wait for cpu, sync block io, swapping etc.  The\ncollection of statistics and the interface are in other patches.  This patch\nsets up the data structures and allows the statistics collection to be\ndisabled through a kernel boot parameter.\n\nSigned-off-by: Shailabh Nagar \u003cnagar@watson.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Balbir Singh \u003cbalbir@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Jes Sorensen \u003cjes@sgi.com\u003e\nCc: Peter Chubb \u003cpeterc@gelato.unsw.edu.au\u003e\nCc: Erich Focht \u003cefocht@ess.nec.de\u003e\nCc: Levent Serinol \u003clserinol@gmail.com\u003e\nCc: Jay Lan \u003cjlan@engr.sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "70b97a7f0b19cf1f2619deb5cc41e8b78c591aa7",
      "tree": "619683f95396f26048c1818735818d53a3c0233e",
      "parents": [
        "36c8b586896f60cb91a4fd526233190b34316baf"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Mon Jul 03 00:25:42 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Mon Jul 03 15:27:11 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sched: cleanup, convert sched.c-internal typedefs to struct\n\nconvert:\n\n - runqueue_t to \u0027struct rq\u0027\n - prio_array_t to \u0027struct prio_array\u0027\n - migration_req_t to \u0027struct migration_req\u0027\n\nI was the one who added these but they are both against the kernel coding\nstyle and also were used inconsistently at places.  So just get rid of them at\nonce, now that we are flushing the scheduler patch-queue anyway.\n\nConversion was mostly scripted, the result was reviewed and all secondary\nwhitespace and style impact (if any) was fixed up by hand.\n\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "36c8b586896f60cb91a4fd526233190b34316baf",
      "tree": "003246e1e676de33703daa979b3e3109ca202a89",
      "parents": [
        "48f24c4da1ee7f3f22289cb85e8b8a73e4df4db5"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Mon Jul 03 00:25:41 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Mon Jul 03 15:27:11 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sched: cleanup, remove task_t, convert to struct task_struct\n\ncleanup: remove task_t and convert all the uses to struct task_struct. I\nintroduced it for the scheduler anno and it was a mistake.\n\nConversion was mostly scripted, the result was reviewed and all\nsecondary whitespace and style impact (if any) was fixed up by hand.\n\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "fbb9ce9530fd9b66096d5187fa6a115d16d9746c",
      "tree": "1151a55e5d56045bac17b9766e6a4696cff0a26f",
      "parents": [
        "cae2ed9aa573415c6e5de9a09b7ff0d74af793bc"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Mon Jul 03 00:24:50 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Mon Jul 03 15:27:03 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] lockdep: core\n\nDo \u0027make oldconfig\u0027 and accept all the defaults for new config options -\nreboot into the kernel and if everything goes well it should boot up fine and\nyou should have /proc/lockdep and /proc/lockdep_stats files.\n\nTypically if the lock validator finds some problem it will print out\nvoluminous debug output that begins with \"BUG: ...\" and which syslog output\ncan be used by kernel developers to figure out the precise locking scenario.\n\nWhat does the lock validator do?  It \"observes\" and maps all locking rules as\nthey occur dynamically (as triggered by the kernel\u0027s natural use of spinlocks,\nrwlocks, mutexes and rwsems).  Whenever the lock validator subsystem detects a\nnew locking scenario, it validates this new rule against the existing set of\nrules.  If this new rule is consistent with the existing set of rules then the\nnew rule is added transparently and the kernel continues as normal.  If the\nnew rule could create a deadlock scenario then this condition is printed out.\n\nWhen determining validity of locking, all possible \"deadlock scenarios\" are\nconsidered: assuming arbitrary number of CPUs, arbitrary irq context and task\ncontext constellations, running arbitrary combinations of all the existing\nlocking scenarios.  In a typical system this means millions of separate\nscenarios.  This is why we call it a \"locking correctness\" validator - for all\nrules that are observed the lock validator proves it with mathematical\ncertainty that a deadlock could not occur (assuming that the lock validator\nimplementation itself is correct and its internal data structures are not\ncorrupted by some other kernel subsystem).  [see more details and conditionals\nof this statement in include/linux/lockdep.h and\nDocumentation/lockdep-design.txt]\n\nFurthermore, this \"all possible scenarios\" property of the validator also\nenables the finding of complex, highly unlikely multi-CPU multi-context races\nvia single single-context rules, increasing the likelyhood of finding bugs\ndrastically.  In practical terms: the lock validator already found a bug in\nthe upstream kernel that could only occur on systems with 3 or more CPUs, and\nwhich needed 3 very unlikely code sequences to occur at once on the 3 CPUs.\nThat bug was found and reported on a single-CPU system (!).  So in essence a\nrace will be found \"piecemail-wise\", triggering all the necessary components\nfor the race, without having to reproduce the race scenario itself!  In its\nshort existence the lock validator found and reported many bugs before they\nactually caused a real deadlock.\n\nTo further increase the efficiency of the validator, the mapping is not per\n\"lock instance\", but per \"lock-class\".  For example, all struct inode objects\nin the kernel have inode-\u003einotify_mutex.  If there are 10,000 inodes cached,\nthen there are 10,000 lock objects.  But -\u003einotify_mutex is a single \"lock\ntype\", and all locking activities that occur against -\u003einotify_mutex are\n\"unified\" into this single lock-class.  The advantage of the lock-class\napproach is that all historical -\u003einotify_mutex uses are mapped into a single\n(and as narrow as possible) set of locking rules - regardless of how many\ndifferent tasks or inode structures it took to build this set of rules.  The\nset of rules persist during the lifetime of the kernel.\n\nTo see the rough magnitude of checking that the lock validator does, here\u0027s a\nportion of /proc/lockdep_stats, fresh after bootup:\n\n lock-classes:                            694 [max: 2048]\n direct dependencies:                  1598 [max: 8192]\n indirect dependencies:               17896\n all direct dependencies:             16206\n dependency chains:                    1910 [max: 8192]\n in-hardirq chains:                      17\n in-softirq chains:                     105\n in-process chains:                    1065\n stack-trace entries:                 38761 [max: 131072]\n combined max dependencies:         2033928\n hardirq-safe locks:                     24\n hardirq-unsafe locks:                  176\n softirq-safe locks:                     53\n softirq-unsafe locks:                  137\n irq-safe locks:                         59\n irq-unsafe locks:                      176\n\nThe lock validator has observed 1598 actual single-thread locking patterns,\nand has validated all possible 2033928 distinct locking scenarios.\n\nMore details about the design of the lock validator can be found in\nDocumentation/lockdep-design.txt, which can also found at:\n\n   http://redhat.com/~mingo/lockdep-patches/lockdep-design.txt\n\n[bunk@stusta.de: cleanups]\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Arjan van de Ven \u003carjan@linux.intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Adrian Bunk \u003cbunk@stusta.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "de30a2b355ea85350ca2f58f3b9bf4e5bc007986",
      "tree": "0bef670aff65614b3c78ca13b20307355b8221d5",
      "parents": [
        "5bdc9b447c0076f494a56fdcd93ee8c5e78a2afd"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Mon Jul 03 00:24:42 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Mon Jul 03 15:27:03 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] lockdep: irqtrace subsystem, core\n\nAccurate hard-IRQ-flags and softirq-flags state tracing.\n\nThis allows us to attach extra functionality to IRQ flags on/off\nevents (such as trace-on/off).\n\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Arjan van de Ven \u003carjan@linux.intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "9a11b49a805665e13a56aa067afaf81d43ec1514",
      "tree": "bf499956e3f67d1211d68ab1e2eb76645f453dfb",
      "parents": [
        "fb7e42413a098cc45b3adf858da290033af62bae"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Mon Jul 03 00:24:33 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Mon Jul 03 15:27:01 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] lockdep: better lock debugging\n\nGeneric lock debugging:\n\n - generalized lock debugging framework. For example, a bug in one lock\n   subsystem turns off debugging in all lock subsystems.\n\n - got rid of the caller address passing (__IP__/__IP_DECL__/etc.) from\n   the mutex/rtmutex debugging code: it caused way too much prototype\n   hackery, and lockdep will give the same information anyway.\n\n - ability to do silent tests\n\n - check lock freeing in vfree too.\n\n - more finegrained debugging options, to allow distributions to\n   turn off more expensive debugging features.\n\nThere\u0027s no separate \u0027held mutexes\u0027 list anymore - but there\u0027s a \u0027held locks\u0027\nstack within lockdep, which unifies deadlock detection across all lock\nclasses.  (this is independent of the lockdep validation stuff - lockdep first\nchecks whether we are holding a lock already)\n\nHere are the current debugging options:\n\nCONFIG_DEBUG_MUTEXES\u003dy\nCONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC\u003dy\n\nwhich do:\n\n config DEBUG_MUTEXES\n          bool \"Mutex debugging, basic checks\"\n\n config DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC\n         bool \"Detect incorrect freeing of live mutexes\"\n\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Arjan van de Ven \u003carjan@linux.intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "8f95dc58d0505516f5cc212a966aea2f2cdb5e44",
      "tree": "2a57ad36db88621ee079fffe34b1cf9bff62b1f4",
      "parents": [
        "f9008e4c5c525941967b67777945aa6266ab6326"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "David Quigley",
        "email": "dpquigl@tycho.nsa.gov",
        "time": "Fri Jun 30 01:55:47 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Jun 30 11:25:37 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] SELinux: add security hook call to kill_proc_info_as_uid\n\nThis patch adds a call to the extended security_task_kill hook introduced by\nthe prior patch to the kill_proc_info_as_uid function so that these signals\ncan be properly mediated by security modules.  It also updates the existing\nhook call in check_kill_permission.\n\nSigned-off-by: David Quigley \u003cdpquigl@tycho.nsa.gov\u003e\nSigned-off-by: James Morris \u003cjmorris@namei.org\u003e\nCc: Stephen Smalley \u003csds@tycho.nsa.gov\u003e\nCc: Chris Wright \u003cchrisw@sous-sol.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "95e02ca9bb5324360e7dea1ea1c563036d84a5e6",
      "tree": "0336dd808abe113b42f53a8f700d50ea6ba674ff",
      "parents": [
        "0bafd214e4ba55dc1fb81a3031d0249292f1bc05"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Thomas Gleixner",
        "email": "tglx@linutronix.de",
        "time": "Tue Jun 27 02:55:02 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 27 17:32:48 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] rtmutex: Propagate priority settings into PI lock chains\n\nWhen the priority of a task, which is blocked on a lock, changes we must\npropagate this change into the PI lock chain.  Therefor the chain walk code\nis changed to get rid of the references to current to avoid false positives\nin the deadlock detector, as setscheduler might be called by a task which\nholds the lock on which the task whose priority is changed is blocked.\n\nAlso add some comments about the get/put_task_struct usage to avoid\nconfusion.\n\nSigned-off-by: Thomas Gleixner \u003ctglx@linutronix.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nCc: Steven Rostedt \u003crostedt@goodmis.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "c87e2837be82df479a6bae9f155c43516d2feebc",
      "tree": "ad6ab35f0b78f71abaa7b05185e9e3f97809c6de",
      "parents": [
        "0cdbee9920fb37eb2dc49b860c2b28862d647adc"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Tue Jun 27 02:54:58 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 27 17:32:47 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] pi-futex: futex_lock_pi/futex_unlock_pi support\n\nThis adds the actual pi-futex implementation, based on rt-mutexes.\n\n[dino@in.ibm.com: fix an oops-causing race]\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Thomas Gleixner \u003ctglx@linutronix.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Arjan van de Ven \u003carjan@linux.intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Dinakar Guniguntala \u003cdino@in.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "61a87122869b6340a63b6f9f84097d3688604b90",
      "tree": "11d60d29763a42abd66453a920cc06bebc852427",
      "parents": [
        "e7eebaf6a81b956c989f184ee4b27277c88f8afe"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Thomas Gleixner",
        "email": "tglx@linutronix.de",
        "time": "Tue Jun 27 02:54:56 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 27 17:32:47 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] pi-futex: rt mutex tester\n\nRT-mutex tester: scriptable tester for rt mutexes, which allows userspace\nscripting of mutex unit-tests (and dynamic tests as well), using the actual\nrt-mutex implementation of the kernel.\n\n[akpm@osdl.org: fixlet]\nSigned-off-by: Thomas Gleixner \u003ctglx@linutronix.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Arjan van de Ven \u003carjan@linux.intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "23f78d4a03c53cbd75d87a795378ea540aa08c86",
      "tree": "27dfe06337990911380fe8c5949ae9acd8e9568a",
      "parents": [
        "b29739f902ee76a05493fb7d2303490fc75364f4"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Tue Jun 27 02:54:53 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 27 17:32:47 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] pi-futex: rt mutex core\n\nCore functions for the rt-mutex subsystem.\n\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Thomas Gleixner \u003ctglx@linutronix.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Arjan van de Ven \u003carjan@linux.intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "b29739f902ee76a05493fb7d2303490fc75364f4",
      "tree": "1bf48dfb74752a7ef24a2a4a74c45da0aaec754b",
      "parents": [
        "77ba89c5cf28d5d98a3cae17f67a3e42b102cc25"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Ingo Molnar",
        "email": "mingo@elte.hu",
        "time": "Tue Jun 27 02:54:51 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 27 17:32:46 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] pi-futex: scheduler support for pi\n\nAdd framework to boost/unboost the priority of RT tasks.\n\nThis consists of:\n\n - caching the \u0027normal\u0027 priority in -\u003enormal_prio\n - providing a functions to set/get the priority of the task\n - make sched_setscheduler() aware of boosting\n\nThe effective_prio() cleanups also fix a priority-calculation bug pointed out\nby Andrey Gelman, in set_user_nice().\n\nhas_rt_policy() fix: Peter Williams \u003cpwil3058@bigpond.net.au\u003e\n\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Thomas Gleixner \u003ctglx@linutronix.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Arjan van de Ven \u003carjan@linux.intel.com\u003e\nCc: Andrey Gelman \u003cagelman@012.net.il\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "5c45bf279d378d436ce45825c0f136696c7b6109",
      "tree": "80e2fcf4866b84fccb787562e1a83b16f4bc8850",
      "parents": [
        "369381694ddcf03f1de403501c8b97099b5109ec"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Siddha, Suresh B",
        "email": "suresh.b.siddha@intel.com",
        "time": "Tue Jun 27 02:54:42 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 27 17:32:45 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sched: mc/smt power savings sched policy\n\nsysfs entries \u0027sched_mc_power_savings\u0027 and \u0027sched_smt_power_savings\u0027 in\n/sys/devices/system/cpu/ control the MC/SMT power savings policy for the\nscheduler.\n\nBased on the values (1-enable, 0-disable) for these controls, sched groups\ncpu power will be determined for different domains.  When power savings\npolicy is enabled and under light load conditions, scheduler will minimize\nthe physical packages/cpu cores carrying the load and thus conserving\npower(with a perf impact based on the workload characteristics...  see OLS\n2005 CMP kernel scheduler paper for more details..)\n\nSigned-off-by: Suresh Siddha \u003csuresh.b.siddha@intel.com\u003e\nCc: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnickpiggin@yahoo.com.au\u003e\nCc: Con Kolivas \u003ckernel@kolivas.org\u003e\nCc: \"Chen, Kenneth W\" \u003ckenneth.w.chen@intel.com\u003e\nCc: \"David S. Miller\" \u003cdavem@davemloft.net\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "51888ca25a03125e742ef84d4ddfd74e139707a0",
      "tree": "b15e50f3b67f6e2b94b783fce603d4a1f54a8189",
      "parents": [
        "615052dc3bf96278a843a64d3d1eea03532028c3"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Srivatsa Vaddagiri",
        "email": "vatsa@in.ibm.com",
        "time": "Tue Jun 27 02:54:38 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 27 17:32:45 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sched_domain: handle kmalloc failure\n\nTry to handle mem allocation failures in build_sched_domains by bailing out\nand cleaning up thus-far allocated memory.  The patch has a direct consequence\nthat we disable load balancing completely (even at sibling level) upon *any*\nmemory allocation failure.\n\n[Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com: bugfix]\nSigned-off-by: Srivatsa Vaddagir \u003cvatsa@in.ibm.com\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnickpiggin@yahoo.com.au\u003e\nCc: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nCc: \"Siddha, Suresh B\" \u003csuresh.b.siddha@intel.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn \u003clee.schermerhorn@hp.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "2dd73a4f09beacadde827a032cf15fd8b1fa3d48",
      "tree": "f81752d44e68240231518d6a3f05ac9ff6410a2d",
      "parents": [
        "efc30814a88bdbe2bfe4ac94de2eb089ad80bee3"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Peter Williams",
        "email": "pwil3058@bigpond.net.au",
        "time": "Tue Jun 27 02:54:34 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 27 17:32:44 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sched: implement smpnice\n\nProblem:\n\nThe introduction of separate run queues per CPU has brought with it \"nice\"\nenforcement problems that are best described by a simple example.\n\nFor the sake of argument suppose that on a single CPU machine with a\nnice\u003d\u003d19 hard spinner and a nice\u003d\u003d0 hard spinner running that the nice\u003d\u003d0\ntask gets 95% of the CPU and the nice\u003d\u003d19 task gets 5% of the CPU.  Now\nsuppose that there is a system with 2 CPUs and 2 nice\u003d\u003d19 hard spinners and\n2 nice\u003d\u003d0 hard spinners running.  The user of this system would be entitled\nto expect that the nice\u003d\u003d0 tasks each get 95% of a CPU and the nice\u003d\u003d19\ntasks only get 5% each.  However, whether this expectation is met is pretty\nmuch down to luck as there are four equally likely distributions of the\ntasks to the CPUs that the load balancing code will consider to be balanced\nwith loads of 2.0 for each CPU.  Two of these distributions involve one\nnice\u003d\u003d0 and one nice\u003d\u003d19 task per CPU and in these circumstances the users\nexpectations will be met.  The other two distributions both involve both\nnice\u003d\u003d0 tasks being on one CPU and both nice\u003d\u003d19 being on the other CPU and\neach task will get 50% of a CPU and the user\u0027s expectations will not be\nmet.\n\nSolution:\n\nThe solution to this problem that is implemented in the attached patch is\nto use weighted loads when determining if the system is balanced and, when\nan imbalance is detected, to move an amount of weighted load between run\nqueues (as opposed to a number of tasks) to restore the balance.  Once\nagain, the easiest way to explain why both of these measures are necessary\nis to use a simple example.  Suppose that (in a slight variation of the\nabove example) that we have a two CPU system with 4 nice\u003d\u003d0 and 4 nice\u003d19\nhard spinning tasks running and that the 4 nice\u003d\u003d0 tasks are on one CPU and\nthe 4 nice\u003d\u003d19 tasks are on the other CPU.  The weighted loads for the two\nCPUs would be 4.0 and 0.2 respectively and the load balancing code would\nmove 2 tasks resulting in one CPU with a load of 2.0 and the other with\nload of 2.2.  If this was considered to be a big enough imbalance to\njustify moving a task and that task was moved using the current\nmove_tasks() then it would move the highest priority task that it found and\nthis would result in one CPU with a load of 3.0 and the other with a load\nof 1.2 which would result in the movement of a task in the opposite\ndirection and so on -- infinite loop.  If, on the other hand, an amount of\nload to be moved is calculated from the imbalance (in this case 0.1) and\nmove_tasks() skips tasks until it find ones whose contributions to the\nweighted load are less than this amount it would move two of the nice\u003d\u003d19\ntasks resulting in a system with 2 nice\u003d\u003d0 and 2 nice\u003d19 on each CPU with\nloads of 2.1 for each CPU.\n\nOne of the advantages of this mechanism is that on a system where all tasks\nhave nice\u003d\u003d0 the load balancing calculations would be mathematically\nidentical to the current load balancing code.\n\nNotes:\n\nstruct task_struct:\n\nhas a new field load_weight which (in a trade off of space for speed)\nstores the contribution that this task makes to a CPU\u0027s weighted load when\nit is runnable.\n\nstruct runqueue:\n\nhas a new field raw_weighted_load which is the sum of the load_weight\nvalues for the currently runnable tasks on this run queue.  This field\nalways needs to be updated when nr_running is updated so two new inline\nfunctions inc_nr_running() and dec_nr_running() have been created to make\nsure that this happens.  This also offers a convenient way to optimize away\nthis part of the smpnice mechanism when CONFIG_SMP is not defined.\n\nint try_to_wake_up():\n\nin this function the value SCHED_LOAD_BALANCE is used to represent the load\ncontribution of a single task in various calculations in the code that\ndecides which CPU to put the waking task on.  While this would be a valid\non a system where the nice values for the runnable tasks were distributed\nevenly around zero it will lead to anomalous load balancing if the\ndistribution is skewed in either direction.  To overcome this problem\nSCHED_LOAD_SCALE has been replaced by the load_weight for the relevant task\nor by the average load_weight per task for the queue in question (as\nappropriate).\n\nint move_tasks():\n\nThe modifications to this function were complicated by the fact that\nactive_load_balance() uses it to move exactly one task without checking\nwhether an imbalance actually exists.  This precluded the simple\noverloading of max_nr_move with max_load_move and necessitated the addition\nof the latter as an extra argument to the function.  The internal\nimplementation is then modified to move up to max_nr_move tasks and\nmax_load_move of weighted load.  This slightly complicates the code where\nmove_tasks() is called and if ever active_load_balance() is changed to not\nuse move_tasks() the implementation of move_tasks() should be simplified\naccordingly.\n\nstruct sched_group *find_busiest_group():\n\nSimilar to try_to_wake_up(), there are places in this function where\nSCHED_LOAD_SCALE is used to represent the load contribution of a single\ntask and the same issues are created.  A similar solution is adopted except\nthat it is now the average per task contribution to a group\u0027s load (as\nopposed to a run queue) that is required.  As this value is not directly\navailable from the group it is calculated on the fly as the queues in the\ngroups are visited when determining the busiest group.\n\nA key change to this function is that it is no longer to scale down\n*imbalance on exit as move_tasks() uses the load in its scaled form.\n\nvoid set_user_nice():\n\nhas been modified to update the task\u0027s load_weight field when it\u0027s nice\nvalue and also to ensure that its run queue\u0027s raw_weighted_load field is\nupdated if it was runnable.\n\nFrom: \"Siddha, Suresh B\" \u003csuresh.b.siddha@intel.com\u003e\n\nWith smpnice, sched groups with highest priority tasks can mask the imbalance\nbetween the other sched groups with in the same domain.  This patch fixes some\nof the listed down scenarios by not considering the sched groups which are\nlightly loaded.\n\na) on a simple 4-way MP system, if we have one high priority and 4 normal\n   priority tasks, with smpnice we would like to see the high priority task\n   scheduled on one cpu, two other cpus getting one normal task each and the\n   fourth cpu getting the remaining two normal tasks.  but with current\n   smpnice extra normal priority task keeps jumping from one cpu to another\n   cpu having the normal priority task.  This is because of the\n   busiest_has_loaded_cpus, nr_loaded_cpus logic..  We are not including the\n   cpu with high priority task in max_load calculations but including that in\n   total and avg_load calcuations..  leading to max_load \u003c avg_load and load\n   balance between cpus running normal priority tasks(2 Vs 1) will always show\n   imbalanace as one normal priority and the extra normal priority task will\n   keep moving from one cpu to another cpu having normal priority task..\n\nb) 4-way system with HT (8 logical processors).  Package-P0 T0 has a\n   highest priority task, T1 is idle.  Package-P1 Both T0 and T1 have 1 normal\n   priority task each..  P2 and P3 are idle.  With this patch, one of the\n   normal priority tasks on P1 will be moved to P2 or P3..\n\nc) With the current weighted smp nice calculations, it doesn\u0027t always make\n   sense to look at the highest weighted runqueue in the busy group..\n   Consider a load balance scenario on a DP with HT system, with Package-0\n   containing one high priority and one low priority, Package-1 containing one\n   low priority(with other thread being idle)..  Package-1 thinks that it need\n   to take the low priority thread from Package-0.  And find_busiest_queue()\n   returns the cpu thread with highest priority task..  And ultimately(with\n   help of active load balance) we move high priority task to Package-1.  And\n   same continues with Package-0 now, moving high priority task from package-1\n   to package-0..  Even without the presence of active load balance, load\n   balance will fail to balance the above scenario..  Fix find_busiest_queue\n   to use \"imbalance\" when it is lightly loaded.\n\n[kernel@kolivas.org: sched: store weighted load on up]\n[kernel@kolivas.org: sched: add discrete weighted cpu load function]\n[suresh.b.siddha@intel.com: sched: remove dead code]\nSigned-off-by: Peter Williams \u003cpwil3058@bigpond.com.au\u003e\nCc: \"Siddha, Suresh B\" \u003csuresh.b.siddha@intel.com\u003e\nCc: \"Chen, Kenneth W\" \u003ckenneth.w.chen@intel.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nCc: Nick Piggin \u003cnickpiggin@yahoo.com.au\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Con Kolivas \u003ckernel@kolivas.org\u003e\nCc: John Hawkes \u003chawkes@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "48e6484d49020dba3578ad117b461e8a391e8f0f",
      "tree": "7824ca84bfe71c3fe2c09a1fedc31106fec4f500",
      "parents": [
        "662795deb854b31501e0ffb42b7f0cce802c134a"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Eric W. Biederman",
        "email": "ebiederm@xmission.com",
        "time": "Mon Jun 26 00:25:48 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Mon Jun 26 09:58:24 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] proc: Rewrite the proc dentry flush on exit optimization\n\nTo keep the dcache from filling up with dead /proc entries we flush them on\nprocess exit.  However over the years that code has gotten hairy with a\ndentry_pointer and a lock in task_struct and misdocumented as a correctness\nfeature.\n\nI have rewritten this code to look and see if we have a corresponding entry in\nthe dcache and if so flush it on process exit.  This removes the extra fields\nin the task_struct and allows me to trivially handle the case of a\n/proc/\u003ctgid\u003e/task/\u003cpid\u003e entry as well as the current /proc/\u003cpid\u003e entries.\n\nSigned-off-by: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "77787bfb44da6e6166af088226707aeccee27968",
      "tree": "ada770c2f4f2d913c8f96f2eec3125d4cfb22011",
      "parents": [
        "f6ec29a42d7ac3b309a9cef179b686d23986ab98"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "KaiGai Kohei",
        "email": "kaigai@ak.jp.nec.com",
        "time": "Sun Jun 25 05:49:26 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sun Jun 25 10:01:25 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] pacct: none-delayed process accounting accumulation\n\nIn current 2.6.17 implementation, signal_struct refered from task_struct is\nused for per-process data structure.  The pacct facility also uses it as a\nper-process data structure to store stime, utime, minflt, majflt.  But those\nmembers are saved in __exit_signal().  It\u0027s too late.\n\nFor example, if some threads exits at same time, pacct facility has a\npossibility to drop accountings for a part of those threads.  (see, the\nfollowing \u0027The results of original 2.6.17 kernel\u0027) I think accounting\ninformation should be completely collected into the per-process data structure\nbefore writing out an accounting record.\n\nThis patch fixes this matter.  Accumulation of stime, utime, minflt and majflt\nare done before generating accounting record.\n\n[mingo@elte.hu: fix acct_collect() siglock bug found by lockdep]\nSigned-off-by: KaiGai Kohei \u003ckaigai@ak.jp.nec.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "f6ec29a42d7ac3b309a9cef179b686d23986ab98",
      "tree": "5150d4f403833ac18b468bd0e0e0a9a7cdd9f4be",
      "parents": [
        "0e4648141af02331f21aabcd34940c70f09a2d04"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "KaiGai Kohei",
        "email": "kaigai@ak.jp.nec.com",
        "time": "Sun Jun 25 05:49:25 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sun Jun 25 10:01:25 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] pacct: avoidance to refer the last thread as a representation of the process\n\nWhen pacct facility generate an \u0027ac_flag\u0027 field in accounting record, it\nrefers a task_struct of the thread which died last in the process.  But any\nother task_structs are ignored.\n\nTherefore, pacct facility drops ASU flag even if root-privilege operations are\nused by any other threads except the last one.  In addition, AFORK flag is\nalways set when the thread of group-leader didn\u0027t die last, although this\nprocess has called execve() after fork().\n\nWe have a same matter in ac_exitcode.  The recorded ac_exitcode is an exit\ncode of the last thread in the process.  There is a possibility this exitcode\nis not the group leader\u0027s one.\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "0e4648141af02331f21aabcd34940c70f09a2d04",
      "tree": "3e4dea992a8e3f3194be04a0fd3e14c24a313ee7",
      "parents": [
        "6bc392741d661eb84be503d1fdf14b6746615e4c"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "KaiGai Kohei",
        "email": "kaigai@ak.jp.nec.com",
        "time": "Sun Jun 25 05:49:24 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Sun Jun 25 10:01:25 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] pacct: add pacct_struct to fix some pacct bugs.\n\nThe pacct facility need an i/o operation when an accounting record is\ngenerated.  There is a possibility to wake OOM killer up.  If OOM killer is\nactivated, it kills some processes to make them release process memory\nregions.\n\nBut acct_process() is called in the killed processes context before calling\nexit_mm(), so those processes cannot release own memory.  In the results, any\nprocesses stop in this point and it finally cause a system stall.\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "b31dc66a54ad986b6b73bdc49c8efc17cbad1833",
      "tree": "5591383c1cbffe11512da889c971f899333f1a44",
      "parents": [
        "271f18f102c789f59644bb6c53a69da1df72b2f4"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "axboe@suse.de",
        "time": "Tue Jun 13 08:26:10 2006 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "axboe@nelson.home.kernel.dk",
        "time": "Fri Jun 23 17:10:39 2006 +0200"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] Kill PF_SYNCWRITE flag\n\nA process flag to indicate whether we are doing sync io is incredibly\nugly. It also causes performance problems when one does a lot of async\nio and then proceeds to sync it. Part of the io will go out as async,\nand the other part as sync. This causes a disconnect between the\npreviously submitted io and the synced io. For io schedulers such as CFQ,\nthis will cause us lost merges and suboptimal behaviour in scheduling.\n\nRemove PF_SYNCWRITE completely from the fsync/msync paths, and let\nthe O_DIRECT path just directly indicate that the writes are sync\nby using WRITE_SYNC instead.\n\nSigned-off-by: Jens Axboe \u003caxboe@suse.de\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "260ea1013283d8acbb451459ed1ca560c1445c20",
      "tree": "35819d28dbfa8600ac0de336147323e660b0390c",
      "parents": [
        "4a4b69f79ba7286794765a856349e380f984a6cb"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Eric W. Biederman",
        "email": "ebiederm@xmission.com",
        "time": "Fri Jun 23 02:05:18 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Jun 23 07:43:03 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] ptrace: document the locking rules\n\nAfter a lot of reading the code and thinking about how it behaves I have\nmanaged to figure out what the current ptrace locking rules are.  The\ncurrent code is in much better that it appears at first glance.  The\ntroublesome code paths are actually the code paths that violate the current\nrules.\n\nptrace uses simple exclusive access as it\u0027s locking.  You can only touch\ntask-\u003eptrace if the task is stopped and you are the ptracer, or if the task\nis running and are the task itself.\n\nVery simple, very easy to maintain.  It just needs to be documented so\npeople know not to touch ptrace from elsewhere.\n\nCurrently we do have a few pieces of code that are in violation of this\nrule.  Particularly the core dump code, and ptrace_attach.  But so far the\ncode looks fixable.\n\nSigned-off-by: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nCc: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: Roland McGrath \u003croland@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "d9eaec9e295a84a80b663996d0489fcff3a1dca9",
      "tree": "85cfc09bb5f0eb42d3be7dfbddaad31353307796",
      "parents": [
        "cee4cca740d209bcb4b9857baa2253d5ba4e3fbe",
        "41757106b9ca7867dafb2404d618f947b4786fd7"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 20 15:37:56 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Jun 20 15:37:56 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Merge branch \u0027audit.b21\u0027 of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/audit-current\n\n* \u0027audit.b21\u0027 of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/audit-current: (25 commits)\n  [PATCH] make set_loginuid obey audit_enabled\n  [PATCH] log more info for directory entry change events\n  [PATCH] fix AUDIT_FILTER_PREPEND handling\n  [PATCH] validate rule fields\u0027 types\n  [PATCH] audit: path-based rules\n  [PATCH] Audit of POSIX Message Queue Syscalls v.2\n  [PATCH] fix se_sen audit filter\n  [PATCH] deprecate AUDIT_POSSBILE\n  [PATCH] inline more audit helpers\n  [PATCH] proc_loginuid_write() uses simple_strtoul() on non-terminated array\n  [PATCH] update of IPC audit record cleanup\n  [PATCH] minor audit updates\n  [PATCH] fix audit_krule_to_{rule,data} return values\n  [PATCH] add filtering by ppid\n  [PATCH] log ppid\n  [PATCH] collect sid of those who send signals to auditd\n  [PATCH] execve argument logging\n  [PATCH] fix deadlocks in AUDIT_LIST/AUDIT_LIST_RULES\n  [PATCH] audit_panic() is audit-internal\n  [PATCH] inotify (5/5): update kernel documentation\n  ...\n\nManual fixup of conflict in unclude/linux/inotify.h\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "2d9048e201bfb67ba21f05e647b1286b8a4a5667",
      "tree": "1df2ca6780d403f3209cf445f8b0b27f45098434",
      "parents": [
        "90204e0b7b51e9f2a6905adca12dc331128602c7"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Amy Griffis",
        "email": "amy.griffis@hp.com",
        "time": "Thu Jun 01 13:10:59 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Al Viro",
        "email": "viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk",
        "time": "Tue Jun 20 05:25:17 2006 -0400"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] inotify (1/5): split kernel API from userspace support\n\nThe following series of patches introduces a kernel API for inotify,\nmaking it possible for kernel modules to benefit from inotify\u0027s\nmechanism for watching inodes.  With these patches, inotify will\nmaintain for each caller a list of watches (via an embedded struct\ninotify_watch), where each inotify_watch is associated with a\ncorresponding struct inode.  The caller registers an event handler and\nspecifies for which filesystem events their event handler should be\ncalled per inotify_watch.\n\nSigned-off-by: Amy Griffis \u003camy.griffis@hp.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Robert Love \u003crml@novell.com\u003e\nAcked-by: John McCutchan \u003cjohn@johnmccutchan.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Al Viro \u003cviro@zeniv.linux.org.uk\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "b7b3c76a0a21c5a98124e90c47c488f7e4166f87",
      "tree": "475b13a18a81b3ac6377a6c2701e78268f543e5c",
      "parents": [
        "f001e47f83db18a9f202f25c0255b4d11ebe468b"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "David Woodhouse",
        "email": "dwmw2@infradead.org",
        "time": "Thu Apr 27 00:12:56 2006 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "David Woodhouse",
        "email": "dwmw2@infradead.org",
        "time": "Thu Apr 27 00:12:56 2006 +0100"
      },
      "message": "Sanitise linux/sched.h for userspace consumption\n\nThere was a whole load of crap exposed which should have been inside the\nexisting #ifdef __KERNEL__ part. Also hide struct sched_param for now,\nsince glibc has its own and doesn\u0027t like being given ours (yet).\n\nSigned-off-by: David Woodhouse \u003cdwmw2@infradead.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "a3b6714e1744a5e841753d74aca1de5972f24e6d",
      "tree": "2a463aa2d4fd93f754fb819e5e2ec56482844c99",
      "parents": [
        "98ca79d52bc34b8dfff729bc8559dbb918c9d02a"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "David Woodhouse",
        "email": "dwmw2@infradead.org",
        "time": "Tue Apr 25 14:54:40 2006 +0100"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "David Woodhouse",
        "email": "dwmw2@infradead.org",
        "time": "Tue Apr 25 14:54:40 2006 +0100"
      },
      "message": "Partially sanitise linux/sched.h for userspace consumption\n\nFor now, just make sure all inclusion of private header files is done\nwithin #ifdef __KERNEL__. There\u0027ll be more to clean up later.\n\nSigned-off-by: David Woodhouse \u003cdwmw2@infradead.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "5e85d4abe3f43bb5362f384bab0e20ef082ce0b5",
      "tree": "cd3a29086e5274fd08bc8d22d15568deab144755",
      "parents": [
        "181ae4005d0a4010802be534d929b38c42b9ac06"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Eric W. Biederman",
        "email": "ebiederm@xmission.com",
        "time": "Tue Apr 18 22:20:16 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Wed Apr 19 09:13:49 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] task: Make task list manipulations RCU safe\n\nWhile we can currently walk through thread groups, process groups, and\nsessions with just the rcu_read_lock, this opens the door to walking the\nentire task list.\n\nWe already have all of the other RCU guarantees so there is no cost in\ndoing this, this should be enough so that proc can stop taking the\ntasklist lock during readdir.\n\nprev_task was killed because it has no users, and using it will miss new\ntasks when doing an rcu traversal.\n\nSigned-off-by: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "64541d19702cfdb7ea946fdc20faee849f6874b1",
      "tree": "0eb2fbcac51359b590b9692b112fe662fee49a4a",
      "parents": [
        "1f60245479ca6d4d3f2cf4a47c7dd18caf5afdf2"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Eric W. Biederman",
        "email": "ebiederm@xmission.com",
        "time": "Fri Apr 14 12:43:15 2006 -0600"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Apr 14 17:43:57 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] kill unushed __put_task_struct_cb\n\nSomehow in the midst of dotting i\u0027s and crossing t\u0027s during\nthe merge up to rc1 we wound up keeping __put_task_struct_cb\nwhen it should have been killed as it no longer has any users.\nSorry I probably should have caught this while it was\nstill in the -mm tree.\n\nHaving the old code there gets confusing when reading\nthrough the code and trying to understand what is\nhappening.\n\nSigned-off-by: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "88dd9c16cecbd105bbe7711b6120333f6f7b5474",
      "tree": "9632e5988abeaa7e4d20350305edc4e4652b56d1",
      "parents": [
        "6dde432553551ae036aae12c2b940677d36c9a5b",
        "d1195c516a9acd767cb541f914be2c6ddcafcfc1"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Apr 11 06:34:02 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Apr 11 06:34:02 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "Merge branch \u0027splice\u0027 of git://brick.kernel.dk/data/git/linux-2.6-block\n\n* \u0027splice\u0027 of git://brick.kernel.dk/data/git/linux-2.6-block:\n  [PATCH] vfs: add splice_write and splice_read to documentation\n  [PATCH] Remove sys_ prefix of new syscalls from __NR_sys_*\n  [PATCH] splice: warning fix\n  [PATCH] another round of fs/pipe.c cleanups\n  [PATCH] splice: comment styles\n  [PATCH] splice: add Ingo as addition copyright holder\n  [PATCH] splice: unlikely() optimizations\n  [PATCH] splice: speedups and optimizations\n  [PATCH] pipe.c/fifo.c code cleanups\n  [PATCH] get rid of the PIPE_*() macros\n  [PATCH] splice: speedup __generic_file_splice_read\n  [PATCH] splice: add direct fd \u003c-\u003e fd splicing support\n  [PATCH] splice: add optional input and output offsets\n  [PATCH] introduce a \"kernel-internal pipe object\" abstraction\n  [PATCH] splice: be smarter about calling do_page_cache_readahead()\n  [PATCH] splice: optimize the splice buffer mapping\n  [PATCH] splice: cleanup __generic_file_splice_read()\n  [PATCH] splice: only call wake_up_interruptible() when we really have to\n  [PATCH] splice: potential !page dereference\n  [PATCH] splice: mark the io page as accessed\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "a9cdf410ca8f59b52bc7061a6751050010c7cc5b",
      "tree": "a7b63f15f2221e424b37989af1083701d1549adf",
      "parents": [
        "49b6e2ad00435209503863932d03470f825e0a1a"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Keith Owens",
        "email": "kaos@sgi.com",
        "time": "Mon Apr 10 22:54:07 2006 -0700"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Apr 11 06:18:41 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] Reinstate const in next_thread()\n\nBefore commit 47e65328a7b1cdfc4e3102e50d60faf94ebba7d3, next_thread() took\na const task_t.  Reinstate the const qualifier, getting the next thread\nnever changes the current thread.\n\nSigned-off-by: Keith Owens \u003ckaos@sgi.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "b92ce55893745e011edae70830b8bc863be881f9",
      "tree": "e2afd62d2e63d74157905140f5907d07bdfe31b9",
      "parents": [
        "529565dcb1581c9a1e3f6df1c1763ca3e0f0d512"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "axboe@suse.de",
        "time": "Tue Apr 11 13:52:07 2006 +0200"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Jens Axboe",
        "email": "axboe@suse.de",
        "time": "Tue Apr 11 13:52:07 2006 +0200"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] splice: add direct fd \u003c-\u003e fd splicing support\n\nIt\u0027s more efficient for sendfile() emulation. Basically we cache an\ninternal private pipe and just use that as the intermediate area for\npages. Direct splicing is not available from sys_splice(), it is only\nmeant to be used for sendfile() emulation.\n\nAdditional patch from Ingo Molnar to avoid the PIPE_BUFFERS loop at\nexit for the normal fast path.\n\nSigned-off-by: Jens Axboe \u003caxboe@suse.de\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "de12a7878c11f3b282d640888aa635e0711d0b5e",
      "tree": "742b72a47cc36a7e591dba1883cd9af3c44290c4",
      "parents": [
        "1b72373491a061be6d456d219a4e2d054ac2aaad"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Eric W. Biederman",
        "email": "ebiederm@xmission.com",
        "time": "Mon Apr 10 17:16:49 2006 -0600"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Mon Apr 10 16:36:50 2006 -0700"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] de_thread: Don\u0027t confuse users do_each_thread.\n\nOleg Nesterov spotted two interesting bugs with the current de_thread\ncode.  The simplest is a long standing double decrement of\n__get_cpu_var(process_counts) in __unhash_process.  Caused by\ntwo processes exiting when only one was created.\n\nThe other is that since we no longer detach from the thread_group list\nit is possible for do_each_thread when run under the tasklist_lock to\nsee the same task_struct twice.  Once on the task list as a\nthread_group_leader, and once on the thread list of another\nthread.\n\nThe double appearance in do_each_thread can cause a double increment\nof mm_core_waiters in zap_threads resulting in problems later on in\ncoredump_wait.\n\nTo remedy those two problems this patch takes the simple approach\nof changing the old thread group leader into a child thread.\nThe only routine in release_task that cares is __unhash_process,\nand it can be trivially seen that we handle cleaning up a\nthread group leader properly.\n\nSince de_thread doesn\u0027t change the pid of the exiting leader process\nand instead shares it with the new leader process.  I change\nthread_group_leader to recognize group leadership based on the\ngroup_leader field and not based on pids.  This should also be\nslightly cheaper then the existing thread_group_leader macro.\n\nI performed a quick audit and I couldn\u0027t see any user of\nthread_group_leader that cared about the difference.\n\nSigned-off-by: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "92476d7fc0326a409ab1d3864a04093a6be9aca7",
      "tree": "ea50a5a31522492d9915e0763a7adc6ac87c4fbc",
      "parents": [
        "8c7904a00b06d2ee51149794b619e07369fcf9d4"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Eric W. Biederman",
        "email": "ebiederm@xmission.com",
        "time": "Fri Mar 31 02:31:42 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Mar 31 12:19:00 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] pidhash: Refactor the pid hash table\n\nSimplifies the code, reduces the need for 4 pid hash tables, and makes the\ncode more capable.\n\nIn the discussions I had with Oleg it was felt that to a large extent the\ncleanup itself justified the work.  With struct pid being dynamically\nallocated meant we could create the hash table entry when the pid was\nallocated and free the hash table entry when the pid was freed.  Instead of\nplaying with the hash lists when ever a process would attach or detach to a\nprocess.\n\nFor myself the fact that it gave what my previous task_ref patch gave for free\nwith simpler code was a big win.  The problem is that if you hold a reference\nto struct task_struct you lock in 10K of low memory.  If you do that in a user\ncontrollable way like /proc does, with an unprivileged but hostile user space\napplication with typical resource limits of 1000 fds and 100 processes I can\ntrigger the OOM killer by consuming all of low memory with task structs, on a\nmachine wight 1GB of low memory.\n\nIf I instead hold a reference to struct pid which holds a pointer to my\ntask_struct, I don\u0027t suffer from that problem because struct pid is 2 orders\nof magnitude smaller.  In fact struct pid is small enough that most other\nkernel data structures dwarf it, so simply limiting the number of referring\ndata structures is enough to prevent exhaustion of low memory.\n\nThis splits the current struct pid into two structures, struct pid and struct\npid_link, and reduces our number of hash tables from PIDTYPE_MAX to just one.\nstruct pid_link is the per process linkage into the hash tables and lives in\nstruct task_struct.  struct pid is given an indepedent lifetime, and holds\npointers to each of the pid types.\n\nThe independent life of struct pid simplifies attach_pid, and detach_pid,\nbecause we are always manipulating the list of pids and not the hash table.\nIn addition in giving struct pid an indpendent life it makes the concept much\nmore powerful.\n\nKernel data structures can now embed a struct pid * instead of a pid_t and\nnot suffer from pid wrap around problems or from keeping unnecessarily\nlarge amounts of memory allocated.\n\nSigned-off-by: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "8c7904a00b06d2ee51149794b619e07369fcf9d4",
      "tree": "c995150254e17dfda6e1679c3249343586e178cb",
      "parents": [
        "e4e5d3fc80d26ed26ebe42907b224f08d7eccfbf"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Eric W. Biederman",
        "email": "ebiederm@xmission.com",
        "time": "Fri Mar 31 02:31:37 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Mar 31 12:18:59 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] task: RCU protect task-\u003eusage\n\nA big problem with rcu protected data structures that are also reference\ncounted is that you must jump through several hoops to increase the reference\ncount.  I think someone finally implemented atomic_inc_not_zero(\u0026count) to\nautomate the common case.  Unfortunately this means you must special case the\nrcu access case.\n\nWhen data structures are only visible via rcu in a manner that is not\ndetermined by the reference count on the object (i.e.  tasks are visible until\ntheir zombies are reaped) there is a much simpler technique we can employ.\nSimply delaying the decrement of the reference count until the rcu interval is\nover.\n\nWhat that means is that the proc code that looks up a task and later\nwants to sleep can now do:\n\nrcu_read_lock();\ntask \u003d find_task_by_pid(some_pid);\nif (task) {\n\tget_task_struct(task);\n}\nrcu_read_unlock();\n\nThe effect on the rest of the kernel is that put_task_struct becomes cheaper\nand immediate, and in the case where the task has been reaped it frees the\ntask immediate instead of unnecessarily waiting an until the rcu interval is\nover.\n\nCleanup of task_struct does not happen when its reference count drops to\nzero, instead cleanup happens when release_task is called.  Tasks can only\nbe looked up via rcu before release_task is called.  All rcu protected\nmembers of task_struct are freed by release_task.\n\nTherefore we can move call_rcu from put_task_struct into release_task.  And\nwe can modify release_task to not immediately release the reference count\nbut instead have it call put_task_struct from the function it gives to\ncall_rcu.\n\nThe end result:\n\n- get_task_struct is safe in an rcu context where we have just looked\n  up the task.\n\n- put_task_struct() simplifies into its old pre rcu self.\n\nThis reorganization also makes put_task_struct uncallable from modules as\nit is not exported but it does not appear to be called from any modules so\nthis should not be an issue, and is trivially fixed.\n\nSigned-off-by: Eric W. Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "158d9ebd19280582da172626ad3edda1a626dace",
      "tree": "5b821a6faf28d136b65ae30a56e7f731adc11c28",
      "parents": [
        "390e2ff07712468ce6600a43aa91e897b056ce12"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Andrew Morton",
        "email": "akpm@osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Mar 31 02:31:34 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Mar 31 12:18:59 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] resurrect __put_task_struct\n\nThis just got nuked in mainline.  Bring it back because Eric\u0027s patches use it.\n\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "d425b274ba83ba4e7746a40446ec0ba3267de51f",
      "tree": "73d3342be7ba8ef8d18a8c3cc9fea6e026e2bffa",
      "parents": [
        "7c4bb1f9b3788309e1159961c606ba0bdf7ed382"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Con Kolivas",
        "email": "kernel@kolivas.org",
        "time": "Fri Mar 31 02:31:29 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Mar 31 12:18:59 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sched: activate SCHED BATCH expired\n\nTo increase the strength of SCHED_BATCH as a scheduling hint we can\nactivate batch tasks on the expired array since by definition they are\nlatency insensitive tasks.\n\nSigned-off-by: Con Kolivas \u003ckernel@kolivas.org\u003e\nAcked-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "3dee386e14045484a6c41c8f03a263f9d79de740",
      "tree": "4b1643508ad94981e8d4deb5136d0a626e60932d",
      "parents": [
        "db1b1fefc2cecbff2e4214062fa8c680cb6e7b7d"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Con Kolivas",
        "email": "kernel@kolivas.org",
        "time": "Fri Mar 31 02:31:23 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Mar 31 12:18:58 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sched: cleanup task_activated()\n\nThe activated flag in task_struct is used to track different sleep types and\nits usage is somewhat obfuscated.  Convert the variable to an enum with more\ndescriptive names without altering the function.\n\nSigned-off-by: Con Kolivas \u003ckernel@kolivas.org\u003e\nAcked-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "db1b1fefc2cecbff2e4214062fa8c680cb6e7b7d",
      "tree": "ad8e68882f7c36216e16ab264101c5da96ccd5c9",
      "parents": [
        "3055addadbe9bfb2365006a1c13fd342a8d30d52"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Jack Steiner",
        "email": "steiner@sgi.com",
        "time": "Fri Mar 31 02:31:21 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Fri Mar 31 12:18:58 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] sched: reduce overhead of calc_load\n\nCurrently, count_active_tasks() calls both nr_running() \u0026\nnr_interruptible().  Each of these functions does a \"for_each_cpu\" \u0026 reads\nvalues from the runqueue of each cpu.  Although this is not a lot of\ninstructions, each runqueue may be located on different node.  Depending on\nthe architecture, a unique TLB entry may be required to access each\nrunqueue.\n\nSince there may be more runqueues than cpu TLB entries, a scan of all\nrunqueues can trash the TLB.  Each memory reference incurs a TLB miss \u0026\nrefill.\n\nIn addition, the runqueue cacheline that contains nr_running \u0026\nnr_uninterruptible may be evicted from the cache between the two passes.\nThis causes unnecessary cache misses.\n\nCombining nr_running() \u0026 nr_interruptible() into a single function\nsubstantially reduces the TLB \u0026 cache misses on large systems.  This should\nhave no measureable effect on smaller systems.\n\nOn a 128p IA64 system running a memory stress workload, the new function\nreduced the overhead of calc_load() from 605 usec/call to 324 usec/call.\n\nSigned-off-by: Jack Steiner \u003csteiner@sgi.com\u003e\nAcked-by: Ingo Molnar \u003cmingo@elte.hu\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "a7e5328a06a2beee3a2bbfaf87ce2a7bbe937de1",
      "tree": "168102a80e9b98d19e8bf39156d35dacdb253c3d",
      "parents": [
        "4a2c7a7837da1b91468e50426066d988050e4d56"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Oleg Nesterov",
        "email": "oleg@tv-sign.ru",
        "time": "Tue Mar 28 16:11:27 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Mar 28 18:36:44 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] cleanup __exit_signal-\u003ecleanup_sighand path\n\nMove \u0027tsk-\u003esighand \u003d NULL\u0027 from cleanup_sighand() to __exit_signal().  This\nmakes the exit path more understandable and allows us to do\ncleanup_sighand() outside of -\u003esiglock protected section.\n\nSigned-off-by: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "47e65328a7b1cdfc4e3102e50d60faf94ebba7d3",
      "tree": "78e00a5321cca87767806a91e623e71b5c6637c7",
      "parents": [
        "88531f725bd52e37a7be726860e4ff3f09031d89"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Oleg Nesterov",
        "email": "oleg@tv-sign.ru",
        "time": "Tue Mar 28 16:11:25 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Mar 28 18:36:44 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] pids: kill PIDTYPE_TGID\n\nThis patch kills PIDTYPE_TGID pid_type thus saving one hash table in\nkernel/pid.c and speeding up subthreads create/destroy a bit.  It is also a\npreparation for the further tref/pids rework.\n\nThis patch adds \u0027struct list_head thread_group\u0027 to \u0027struct task_struct\u0027\ninstead.\n\nWe don\u0027t detach group leader from PIDTYPE_PID namespace until another\nthread inherits it\u0027s -\u003epid \u003d\u003d -\u003etgid, so we are safe wrt premature\nfree_pidmap(-\u003etgid) call.\n\nCurrently there are no users of find_task_by_pid_type(PIDTYPE_TGID).\nShould the need arise, we can use find_task_by_pid()-\u003egroup_leader.\n\nSigned-off-by: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nAcked-By: Eric Biederman \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "6a14c5c9da0b4c34b5be783403c54f0396fcfe77",
      "tree": "63e40e5761eb5327ae4f713b284c67128cb4d261",
      "parents": [
        "c81addc9d3a0ebff2155e0cd86f90820ab97147e"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Oleg Nesterov",
        "email": "oleg@tv-sign.ru",
        "time": "Tue Mar 28 16:11:18 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Mar 28 18:36:43 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] move __exit_signal() to kernel/exit.c\n\n__exit_signal() is private to release_task() now.  I think it is better to\nmake it static in kernel/exit.c and export flush_sigqueue() instead - this\nfunction is much more simple and straightforward.\n\nSigned-off-by: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "c81addc9d3a0ebff2155e0cd86f90820ab97147e",
      "tree": "56eb3a50f71e7a0e2a0f0daef4ec097375b06f8d",
      "parents": [
        "29ff471234d53c7235db287bc52f91884c2977c6"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Oleg Nesterov",
        "email": "oleg@tv-sign.ru",
        "time": "Tue Mar 28 16:11:17 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Mar 28 18:36:43 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] rename __exit_sighand to cleanup_sighand\n\nCosmetic, rename __exit_sighand to cleanup_sighand and move it close to\ncopy_sighand().\n\nThis matches copy_signal/cleanup_signal naming, and I think it is easier to\nfollow.\n\nSigned-off-by: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nAcked-by: \"Paul E. McKenney\" \u003cpaulmck@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "6b3934ef52712ece50605dfc72e55d00c580831a",
      "tree": "5ec3c4f69a20880f75de6ff8d7d2f67d96328df3",
      "parents": [
        "7001510d0cbf51ad202dd2d0744f54104285cbb9"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Oleg Nesterov",
        "email": "oleg@tv-sign.ru",
        "time": "Tue Mar 28 16:11:16 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Mar 28 18:36:42 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] copy_process: cleanup bad_fork_cleanup_signal\n\n__exit_signal() does important cleanups atomically under -\u003esiglock.  It is\nalso called from copy_process\u0027s error path.  This is not good, for example we\ncan\u0027t move __unhash_process() under -\u003esiglock for that reason.\n\nWe should not mix these 2 paths, just look at ugly \u0027if (p-\u003esighand)\u0027 under\n\u0027bad_fork_cleanup_sighand:\u0027 label.  For copy_process() case it is sufficient\nto just backout copy_signal(), nothing more.\n\nAgain, nobody can see this task yet.  For CLONE_THREAD case we just decrement\nsignal-\u003ecount, otherwise nobody can see this -\u003esignal and we can free it\nlockless.\n\nThis patch assumes it is safe to do exit_thread_group_keys() without\ntasklist_lock.\n\nSigned-off-by: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nAcked-by: David Howells \u003cdhowells@redhat.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Adrian Bunk \u003cbunk@stusta.de\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "7001510d0cbf51ad202dd2d0744f54104285cbb9",
      "tree": "1df2a6930c460c12026231634b86d14b153a4a86",
      "parents": [
        "a9e88e84b5245da0a1dadb6ccca70ae84e93ccf6"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Oleg Nesterov",
        "email": "oleg@tv-sign.ru",
        "time": "Tue Mar 28 16:11:14 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Mar 28 18:36:42 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] copy_process: cleanup bad_fork_cleanup_sighand\n\nThe only caller of exit_sighand(tsk) is copy_process\u0027s error path.  We can\ncall __exit_sighand() directly and kill exit_sighand().\n\nThis \u0027tsk\u0027 was not yet registered in pid_hash[] or init_task.tasks, it has no\nexternal references, nobody can see it, and\n\n\tIF (clone_flags \u0026 CLONE_SIGHAND)\n\t\tAt least \u0027current\u0027 has a reference to -\u003esighand, this\n\t\tmeans atomic_dec_and_test(sighand-\u003ecount) can\u0027t be true.\n\n\tELSE\n\t\tNobody can see this -\u003esighand, this means we can free it\n\t\twithout any locking.\n\nSigned-off-by: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nAcked-by: \"Paul E. McKenney\" \u003cpaulmck@us.ibm.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "f63ee72e0fb82e504a0489490babc7612c7cd6c2",
      "tree": "85167f8016d1f746135bf1777646a58c44376af1",
      "parents": [
        "aa1757f90bea3f598b6e5d04d922a6a60200f1da"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Oleg Nesterov",
        "email": "oleg@tv-sign.ru",
        "time": "Tue Mar 28 16:11:13 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Mar 28 18:36:42 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] introduce lock_task_sighand() helper\n\nAdd lock_task_sighand() helper and converts group_send_sig_info() to use\nit.  Hopefully we will have more users soon.\n\nThis patch also removes \u0027!sighand-\u003ecount\u0027 and \u0027!p-\u003eusage\u0027 checks, I think\nthey both are bogus, racy and unneeded (but probably it makes sense to\nrestore them as BUG_ON()s).\n\n-\u003esighand is cleared and it\u0027s -\u003ecount is decremented in release_task() with\nsighand-\u003esiglock held, so it is a bug to have \u0027!p-\u003eusage || !-\u003ecount\u0027 after\nwe already locked and verified it is the same.  On the other hand, an\nalready dead task without -\u003esighand can have a non-zero -\u003eusage due to\nptrace, for example.\n\nIf we read the stale value of -\u003esighand we must see the change after\nspin_lock(), because that change was done while holding that same old\n-\u003esighand.siglock.\n\nSigned-off-by: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nCc: \"Eric W. Biederman\" \u003cebiederm@xmission.com\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    },
    {
      "commit": "aa1757f90bea3f598b6e5d04d922a6a60200f1da",
      "tree": "4f8f3804b2595031d0b84de7086dc28375290f0d",
      "parents": [
        "1f09f9749cdde4e69f95d62d96d2e03f50b3353c"
      ],
      "author": {
        "name": "Oleg Nesterov",
        "email": "oleg@tv-sign.ru",
        "time": "Tue Mar 28 16:11:12 2006 -0800"
      },
      "committer": {
        "name": "Linus Torvalds",
        "email": "torvalds@g5.osdl.org",
        "time": "Tue Mar 28 18:36:42 2006 -0800"
      },
      "message": "[PATCH] convert sighand_cache to use SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU\n\nThis patch borrows a clever Hugh\u0027s \u0027struct anon_vma\u0027 trick.\n\nWithout tasklist_lock held we can\u0027t trust task-\u003esighand until we locked it\nand re-checked that it is still the same.\n\nBut this means we don\u0027t need to defer \u0027kmem_cache_free(sighand)\u0027.  We can\nreturn the memory to slab immediately, all we need is to be sure that\nsighand-\u003esiglock can\u0027t dissapear inside rcu protected section.\n\nTo do so we need to initialize -\u003esiglock inside ctor function,\nSLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU does the rest.\n\nSigned-off-by: Oleg Nesterov \u003coleg@tv-sign.ru\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Andrew Morton \u003cakpm@osdl.org\u003e\nSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds \u003ctorvalds@osdl.org\u003e\n"
    }
  ],
  "next": "73b9ebfe126a4a886ee46cbab637374d7024668a"
}
